Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer, and it is the third commonest global cause of cancer-related death. With an increase in life-expectancy of the general population, the number of elderly with HCC is expected to increase. Current curative treatment options for HCC include: liver transplantation, liver resection (LR) and local ablation therapy. Liver transplantation is a good treatment for HCC within the Milan criteria (single HCC ≤ 5 cm or up to 3 nodules each < 3 cm). As a consequence of the lack of liver donors, one relative contraindication for liver transplantation is age over 65 years, or the protocol requires elderly patients to have very good general health before they can be put on a transplant list. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is used more commonly for the treatment of intermediate and advanced-staged HCC, while liver resection and local ablation therapy are used for early-staged HCC. Amongst the local ablative therapies, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is most widely used. It has the advantage of minimally invasiveness, making it the first-line treatment for small HCC in patients with compromised liver function or associated severe medical conditions. Elderly patients are more likely to have poor general conditions and associated medical diseases. RFA has the advantage of being less invasive and it causes less pain, less blood loss and earlier recovery than LR. On the other hand, incomplete ablation of HCC and tumor track seeding may happen. Several studies have demonstrated the safety of LR for elderly patients. There is no good evidence in the medical literature to support whether RFA or LR is a better treatment for elderly patients with HCC.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is widely used for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the hypoxia caused by TACE in surviving tumor cell leads to release of angiogenic and growth factors contributing to poor outcome. Sorafenib can block tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The hypothesis is that patients with unresectable HCC may benefit from sorafenib in combination with TACE.

The purpose of this study is to check whether addition of paclitaxel to cisplatin and radiation therapy will improve the outcome in locally advanced carcinoma cervix.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib in combination with low dose cisplatin /fluorouracil hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

The intravenously administered taxanes, docetaxel and paclitaxel, alone and in combination with other chemotherapy agents are active in patients with advanced and metastatic bladder cancer, and agents of this class are a promising treatment option for some patients. Tesetaxel is an orally administered taxane that is in development as treatment for subjects with advanced cancers. This study is being conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of tesetaxel administered to patients previously treated with chemotherapy for progressive metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium.

In Hong Kong, every 30 and 12.9 in 100,000 males and females respectively has nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). With early detection and advances in medical care, the number of NPC survivors post radiotherapy is rapidly growing in Hong Kong. One of the most distressing consequences post radiotherapy for NPC patients is swallowing disorder, or dysphagia. Dysphagia in NPC patients almost certainly cause frequent chest infection, dehydration, malnutrition and limitations to concurrent treatment such as oral medication. Given the existing large costs NPC patients incur to the healthcare system, dysphagia only serves to further inflate the soaring costs. In an attempt to reduce dysphagia related costs to the healthcare system, swallowing rehabilitation is offered to NPC patients. Currently, two major swallowing rehabilitation approaches are commonly adopted. The first is traditional rehabilitation, which involves patients performing various oropharyngeal exercises aimed at improving swallowing physiology. The other swallowing rehabilitation approach is transcutaneous electrical stimulation, which entails using small amount of electric current to increase muscle strength while patients are engaged in swallowing activities. These two methods are proven as effective in patients with stroke and head and neck carcinoma patients. Neither of these methods, nevertheless, yields any efficacy studies in treating NPC patients. Yet, clinicians continue to use either one or both rehabilitation methods as swallowing rehabilitation. This study aims to address the gap in efficacy studies on swallowing rehabilitation for NPC patients post radiotherapy. The research results should provide justification for rehabilitation time, clinicians' efforts, costs involved and resources used in rehabilitating the swallowing difficulties of the NPC patients.

This phase II trial is studying cisplatin or nedaplatin combine with IMRT to evaluate which one is better efficacy and security in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The aim of this prospective, observational, multicenter, post-marketing study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Cetuximab (Erbitux) in combination with platinum based chemotherapy, in the first line therapy of recurrent/ metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). A total of 100 subjects with SCCHN will be recruited in 20 centres across India.

The primary objectives are: Dose escalation: 1. To determine the MTD and DLT(s) of TH-302 when used in combination with sunitinib. Dose expansion: To make a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of TH-302 in combination with sunitinib as determined by the response rate and the progression-free survival in subjects with advanced RCC treated at the RP2D To assess the safety of TH-302 in combination with sunitinib and determine a recommended Phase 2 dose of the combination. The secondary objectives are: Dose expansion: 1. To make a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of TH-302 in combination with sunitinib as determined by stable disease or better rate, duration of response and overall survival in subjects with advanced RCC treated at the RP2D. The exploratory objective is: 1. To explore the association of serum hypoxia biomarkers with efficacy endpoints.

Because of the advantageous activity against VEGF-C and FGF pathways and favorable toxicity profile comparing with sunitinib, the investigators plan this phase II trial of pazopanib in cisplatin-refractory recurrent or metastatic HNSCC.