Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical value of [18F]aluminum fluoride-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid-octreotide（18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide ） positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).

Participants with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), Performance Status (PS) 0-2, not suitable for concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy (CTRT), will be treated with standard radiotherapy (radical or palliative). Archival tumour biopsies will be analysed for baseline Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Some participants will have a biopsy before radiotherapy if the archive biopsy is not suitable. Participants will be required to undergo an additional mandatory biopsy of the irradiated site during the second week of radiotherapy.

Cervical cancer is the third most frequent neoplasm in Brazilian women (estimated risk of 15.33 cases / 100,000 women by 2014), behind breast and colorectal cancer. This high incidence is explained by the pre-neoplastic lesions of the cervix being probably related to the practice of unsafe sex and to a poor local immune response against HPV. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection affects people of any age, although it is more common in young people, probably due to increased sexual activity in that period. The association between high-risk HPV and anus neoplasm in men and women with immunodeficiency or immunosuppression has been confirmed and measures related to surveillance are standardized. In patients without immunodeficiencies, this association is still unclear, which may contribute to the lack of adequate standards to diagnose HPV and prevent cancer of the anus. The frequency of the cancer of anus previously considered low, is currently in considerable elevation, mainly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The causal relationship between this virus and cancer of the cervix and the anus is established. These facts have motivated the inclusion of this disease as STD, which justifies the necessity of adopting surveillance measures in the clinics of sexual, gynecological and urological diseases. Cancer of the anus, when diagnosed in the early stage, makes healing possible with less aggressive treatments, but in the advanced stage, abdominoperineal amputation is necessary. Concerned about possible anal cancer, some gynecologists have referred patients with genital HPV to search for anal infection.

The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction between diet - primary meat and fiber - and polymorphisms in Toll-like receptors in relation to risk of colorectal cancer in a Danish prospective cohort.

This is an open-label, multicenter, single-arm, expanded access study designed to provide alectinib to participants with ALK-rearranged NSCLC after disease progression on or intolerance to prior ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Participants will receive alectinib until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, patient or physician decision to discontinue treatment, death, alectinib becomes commercially available in the United States following approval of alectinib by the FDA, or the Sponsor decides to close the trial, whichever occurs first (approximately 15 months).

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been demonstrated to reduce long term disease burden and costs. Unfortunately, less than 65 % of age-eligible persons in the US are actually screened for CRC. The leading methods, colonoscopy and FIT (fecal immunochemical test) testing, both have patient-associated barriers that reduce their use. The combination of bowel preparation and procedure time are barriers to colonoscopy, while stool handling as part of the sampling protocol reduces FIT usage. It has been hypothesized and supported by a variety of preference studies that the availability of a blood-based assay for CRC screening would increase patient participation and adherence to CRC screening by reducing barriers that prevent participation. This study is designed to investigate the relative participation in CRC screening in average risk, screening eligible patients with demonstrated non-adherence to guideline-recommended screening modalities. Participation with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and the blood-based Epi proColon® test will be examined. Screening eligible average-risk patients identified as non-adherent by medical record will be eligible for the study. Potential subjects will be recruited to participate in a study via mailing and/or at a clinic visit. All study subjects will be enrolled at a clinic visit and will be randomized in two study arms. Those assigned to Arm 1 will be offered a FIT test kit for home use. Those assigned to Arm 2 will be offered a blood draw for the Epi proColon test. Rates of adherence will be compared between those that accept and complete the blood test and those that accept and complete the FIT test. A passive control, usual care arm will comprise subjects meeting eligibility criteria, but not recruited for or participating in the study. In conjunction with published data (Johnson et al, 2014), the relative utilization of the blood test will be compared to the screening participation via FIT. Increased participation with the Epi proColon blood test could increase screening rates in the non-adherent population. Additionally, for those testing positive in the trial, the rate of adherence to colonoscopy will be determined.

The study is a phase 3b, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study designed to provide expanded access of Talimogene Laherparepvec for the treatment of subjects with unresected stage IIIB to IVM1c melanoma. The study will also evaluate the safety and tolerability of Talimogene Laherparepvec.

The Valchlor PROVe study is a multi-center, prospective, observational, US-based drug study that longitudinally follows patients with Mycosis Fungoides Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (MF-CTCL) who are receiving therapy with Valchlor. Patients will be followed prospectively for a maximum of 2 years from the date of signed informed consent (enrollment) until end of study. Continuation in the study is not contingent on continuation of Valchlor.

Diagnostic imaging for renal masses of unknown nature using conventional imaging modalities such as 3 phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is not always conclusive. After (partial) nephrectomy, 10-20 % of the resected tumors show benign histology which could not be identified on diagnostic imaging. With improved imaging techniques available, leading to improvements in characterisation of renal tumors, the number of unnecessary resections may be reduced. The objective of this study is to assess the ability to discriminate oncocytoma from RCC based on the ADC distribution parameters with addition of, tumor volume, and patient demographic characteristics.

The study is aimed to determine the potential of volatile marker testing for identification of gastrointestinal cancers (in particular - colorectal and gastric cancers), the related precancerous lesions in the stomach and colon. The study will be addressing the role of confounding factors, including lifestyle factors, diet, smoking as well as addressing the potential role of microbiota in the composition of exhaled volatile markers.