Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

The aim of the study is to evaluate concordance between the facial nerve's path in the parotid evaluated by radiologist in preoperatively and the facial nerve's path in the parotid evaluated by surgeon in peroperatively.

JaW PrinT is a prospective observational cohort study evaluating the effectiveness of two different techniques of mandibular reconstruction.

There are several types of circulating DNA: DNA from patient's existing cells, foetal DNA in the case of pregnant woman, and tumoral DNA in the case of patients with cancer. These circulating tumoral DNA (ctDNA) can be obtained from a blood test called liquid biopsy and be detected by the latest generation of very high throughput sequencers with the Massive Parallel Sequencing technique (MPS). This study focus on using this technique on breast and colorectal cancers in which no analysis of CNV (tumor origin marker) with this technique has been performed yet. It is a prospective, pilot, monocentric, feasibility study on genomic profile. The study aim is to show the possibility to realize in a reproductive way a molecular karyotype on ctDNA with the MPS approach from a liquid biopsy taken from patients with cancer and to compare this profile with the one obtained by CGH array (Comparative Genomic Hybridization) from primitive tumor.

Aim of this study is to investigate the influence of social factors on participation and activity among children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with leukemia, brain tumors, and sarcomas. Furthermore personal and treatment-related factors and their impact on participation will be explored

Patients with acoustic neuroma had several treatment options. One of standard treatment is to receive the Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery, other options included suboccipital craniotomy and conservative treatment. Thus, shared decision making (SDM) is necessary to aid patients to choose an appropriate treatment that suits their needs. The investigators have developed a decision aids (DAs) and plan to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate its impact on acoustic neuroma patients. The measurements include a battery of interview-based questionnaires and evaluations of decision regret and post-treatment depression. The investigators expect the DAs would benefit the intervention group in the aspects of knowledge, communication and anxiety status during and after their treatment sessions.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, its survival rate ranks only second to lung cancer and it is a severe threat to human health. In Egypt, HCC constitutes a significant public health problem. Where it is responsible for 33.63% and 13.54% of all cancers in males and females respectively. It has a poor prognosis after discovery, which is usually at a late stage of disease. This had been strongly linked to the hepatitis C virus epidemic that affected around 10-15% of the Egyptian population during the last 3 decades, and was reported as the highest prevalence of HCV in the world. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved remain unclear. The occurrence of HCC is a complicated process involving multiple genes and steps. Imbalances in cellular signal transduction pathways, deficiencies in DNA repair regulating genes, activation of protooncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and epigenetic modifications all promote the occurrence of liver cancer.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK and Ireland, it is the second commonest cancer in both men and women. Very often the diagnosis is made by either endoscopy/colonoscopy and the surgical treatment is carried out by a minimally invasive approach ("Keyhole"surgery). Tissue samples gathered by either approach are sent to the pathologist to confirm the nature of their content. At present this takes some time (days) and so the information cannot guide the procedure being done or indeed any other investigations or processes that need implementation as soon as possible until the pathology process is completed. Fluorescence guided surgery uses an approved dye along with approved cameras to add more information regarding tissue characteristics then is available by normal viewing alone. It has already been shown to be associated with an improvement in safety related to healing after colorectal surgery and the investigators are sooning in a randomised trial examining this in rectal cancer to prove it. Whether or not this trial proves this or not, the ability to better understand tissue health during investigation/operation needs further examination and development. In this study, the investigators will examine the role of computer vision and machine learning in determining the nature of the tissue being seen in real-time additive to the surgeons' own opinion and experience. This is needed because the dynamic phases of fluorescence inflow into any tissue is difficult to interpret most especially when it relates to microvasculature as is present within a cancer site or deposit. By this means the investigators hope to better understand the dynamic perfusion in and out of tissue whether normal or abnormal and define signatures that can speed up and/or help inform the surgeon regarding the actual nature of the tissue being seen. The investigators will compare the data being generated with that already being captured with regard to standard pathology and radiology and other laboratory measures of clinical course. Tissue resected from a patient will also be examined in the laboratory under near-infrared microscopy and analysed for fluorescence intensity to understand where exactly and how much of the dye accumulates in specific regions of tissue. There are no new operations in this study and no new interventions are being made on the basis of the information being gathered- it's a comparative study to see how this added information can add value to interventionalists during surgery. There are four collaborating groups involved in this research consortium, two are commercial partners as they add value in both this advanced field of analytics and in the ensuring a clinical business case is included so that findings of this work can be useful for patients.

Aims: 1. To evaluate the effects of radiation therapy on the inner ear, among patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancers using a wide battery of tests (Audiometry and tympanometry, vHIT, VEMP, ENG) ; 2. To correlate the mean total radiation dose to the cochlea with the effects on audiological and vestibular function

This project is to assess the immunogenicity, safety and overall survival impact of intramuscular injection of trivalent influenza vaccine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment.

This is a prospective observational study. The primary objective is to identify new prognostic biomarkers for DLBCL patients in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and able to add predictive capacity to recognized important clinical factors. The secondary objectives are: to identify new biomarkers associated with overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) to characterize tissue and circulating immune microenvironment of DLBCL patients by bulk and single cell transcriptomics; to assess the correlation between the expression of immune checkpoint genes and mRNA signature; to describe the mutational status of a panel of genes relevant to DLBCL pathogenesis;. to assess the correlation between protein expression, mutational status and the messenger RNA (mRNA) signature. For each enrolled patient, immunohistochemical determinations will be performed: Cell of origin (COO) (Germinal Cell -GC- or activated B-cell - ABC- type according with Hans algorithm ), evaluation of cluster of differentiation antigen 20 (CD20), cluster of differentiation antigen 5 (CD5), cluster of differentiation antigen 10 (CD10), Bcl6, Bcl2 (cut off>50%), Multiple Myeloma 1 / Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 protein (MUM1/IRF4), c-myc (cut off>40%) and Ki67, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for c-myc and if rearranged, for Bcl2 e Bcl6 ). Moreover, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens will be collected for RNA extraction and mRNA expression analysis and sent to Bioscience Laboratory of Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo studio e la cura dei tumori (IRST-IRCCS).