Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

Study tolerability and toxicity of radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for operated gastric cancer. Evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy as regarding local control and overall survival.

The study aims to retrospectively investigate the endoscopic resection procedures of cancerous and precancerous lesions of the upper and lower digestive tract in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes and to compare different resection techniques. In particular, the resection techniques investigated will be mucosectomy, en bloc and piecemeal, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and its variants, full-thickness resection. The anatomical districts involved will be the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, colon and rectum.

The combination of Apatinib and Camrelizumab for progressed NSCLC patients with muti-line therapy : a phaseⅠB clinical study. Brief Summary: Immunotherapy has made a major progress in Lung cancer.However, challenges such as primary and acquired resistance, small fraction of benefit population and lack of predictive and prognostic biomarkers even exist. The overall objective response rate is lower than 20% in second line-treatment and the progression-free survival (PFS) is also similar to or poorer than that of conventional second-line chemotherapy. Apatinib is a novel, orally administered, multitarget receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, c-Kit, and other kinases. It functions by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and proliferative signaling pathways. We would observe and analyze the effectiveness and safety of apatinib combined with Camrelizumab for advanced NSCLC after muti-line therapy to explore the synergistic effect of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy.

This single-institution cross-sectional non-inferiority validation study evaluates alternative techniques and tests for primary cervical cancer screening programs in Russia, particularly: local cytology staining techniques, local HPV tests.

Introduction: At the present, conventional WLE (white light endoscopy) with biopsies according updated Sydney system is still considered the gold-standard for the diagnosis and stratification of gastric preneoplastic conditions. However, due to the high interobserver variability and the scarce correlation between the endoscopic and histopathological report, there is a growing use of virtual chromoendoscopy, which has shown excellent results on the diagnosis of these conditions. Numerous studies demonstrated the utility of NBI (Narrow Band Imaging) for this purpose, however, there is scarce data regarding the efficacy of the FUJIFILM system, Blue Light Imaging (BLI), on this topic, especially in Europe, despite the good results recently reported. Primary aim: to validate the new high-resolution endoscopic technologies with BLI on the diagnosis of gastric preneoplastic conditions. Material and methods: a multicentric cohort study will be performed involving centres from several European countries (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Germany). Consecutive patients performing upper gastrointestinal (GI)endoscopy will be evaluated by WLE and BLI. Random biopsies or targeted plus random biopsies will be performed in order to determine de accuracy of BLI system to detect and stage gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). Expected results: We anticipate that BLI would enable us to assess the extension of GIM without the need for biopsies. If observed, this would overall improve the upper GI endoscopy accuracy.

Early detecting and removing of colorectal advanced adenomas can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. Because of the less bleeding of advanced adenomas, sensitivities of the common used quantitative fecal immunochemical tests (qFITs) are unsatisfying. Ultra-sensitivity qFIT(us-qFIT) can determine extremely low fecal hemoglobin concentration compared with the common used qFIT. This study will prove the diagnostic accuracy of us-qFIT in detecting colorectal advanced adenomas.

Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer in my country, but the 5-year survival time of lung cancer patients is only 17%. Among them, the biggest reason that affects the patient's prognosis is the metastasis of the tumor. There are very few clinical methods suitable for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer, and the curative effect is not good. Therefore, early monitoring and interventions to prevent distant colonization of metastases are the key to improving the survival of lung cancer. The preliminary research of this project found that circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood can be used as an effective means for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung malignant tumors. Through the analysis of the difference in time and space metastasis of lung cancer patients, it is found that the genomes of different metastasis stages and metastatic organs of lung cancer are quite different , And is closely related to the patient's survival. For this reason, we propose the hypothesis that the genomic mutation characteristics of circulating tumor cells can detect tumor metastasis signals earlier than CT imaging diagnosis. To test this hypothesis, we will develop a cancer metastasis risk assessment system based on tumor genomics. First, we collect big data on the genome of primary and metastatic lung cancer from public databases, and use statistical methods to screen out genomic features that are significantly related to metastatic lung cancer and its metastatic colonization organs. Secondly, using these features to develop a set of machine learning models that can determine the risk of metastasis of a lung cancer based on its genome features. Finally, we applied the model to clinical practice. By detecting the circulating tumor cells of patients with primary lung cancer during the reexamination, we established a statistical noise reduction model to extract the genomic characteristics, and then substituted into the model to determine the circulating tumor cells carried by the patient Whether there is a risk of recurrence and metastasis. By comparing the imaging data in the review, we will verify whether the model detects early metastasis signals of lung cancer earlier than imaging methods. Ultimately, our model will aggregate genomic markers related to metastasis risk, explore their drug targeting, and provide powerful big data analysis support for early intervention in metastasis colonization and prolonging the survival of lung cancer patients. If the topic is demonstrated, it will help to clarify the use of tumor genome big data analysis to reveal the genomic driver mutations of metastatic lung cancer; demonstrate the feasibility of circulating tumor cell genome driver mutations to predict the risk of lung cancer metastasis; and finally clarify the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal Can inhibitors of the pathway be used as a target for early intervention in lung cancer metastasis.

Numerous studies describe HRQoL in other cancer types, whereas only sparse research has been done in NEN patients. We wish to investigate HRQol in NEN patients. Using a validated generic tool with normative values derived from a background population, allows us to compare the values healthy controls. Methods Study A: A cross-sectional study that investigates 250 patients (Cohort A) with neuroendocrine neoplasia, encompassing both patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). Study B: A prospective study that investigates 30 newly diagnosed NET patients over three months (Cohort B) who are offered palliative treatment with somatostatin analogues.

An observational, non-interventional, prospective and multicenter study of Azacitidine in newly diagnosed High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Primary objectives are to asses mutational status of target genes by Next Generation Sequencing, to evaluate prognostic value of geriatric assessment scales and to evaluate overall survival. The main hypothesis is that mutation status of target genes and geriatric scales have statistical significant impact on overall survival. Study time points will be at diagnosis, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, always taking into account the routine clinical practice, when sample to assess mutational status will be collected. Geriatric assessment will only be performed at diagnosis. Upon the signature of informed consent and the checking of inclusion criteria, patients will receive treatment with Azacitidine 75 mg/sqm on a 28 days based cycles (both 7-0-0 and 5-0-2 regimens are allowed) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or investigator decision. 150 patients are expected to be recruited at study sites.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant hematopathies of the elderly characterized by persistent cytopenias and the presence of deregulated clonal hematopoiesis. The risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is variable. Acquired cytogenetic abnormalities are found in less than 50% of de novo cases and up to 80% in secondary MDS. The deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (written del(5q)) is the most common abnormality in MDS (15%). Del(5q) MDS has a good prognosis, with a median survival of 6 years and a 15% risk of progression to AML. However, their life expectancy is shorter than the general population, and the quality of life of patients is diminished. These treatments are not that effective over a long period of time or not well tolerated, and the majority of patients die from causes related to their MDS, such as infections (38%), progression to AML (15%), or bleeding (13%). Two genes, RBM22 and SLU7, coding for proteins of the same complex involved in splicing pre-messenger RNA are carried on the long arm of chromosome 5. We investigate the pronostic impact and the predictive value of the double haploinsufficiency of the RBM22 and SLU7 genes in del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes isolated or not compared to the single haploinsufficiency of RBM22 and normal karyotype myelodysplastic syndromes.