Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

To determine whether a combined nutritional support program and exercise-based prehabilitation is superior to nutritional support alone in increasing functional recovery and reducing post-operative morbidity after surgery for HPB malignancy. To understand which measures of immediate surgical recovery are sensitive to prehabilitation interventions and predict change in later outcome measures.

Phase II and III studies have demonstrated IMRT to be safe and standard practice for head and neck cancers treated with radiotherapy. This study will be an extension to an earlier, in-house, trial to allow continued recording of toxicities and outcomes in patients receiving IMRT for head and neck cancers. This study will allow us to examine radiobiological modelling for normal tissue complication probability and in particular, determining the dose threshold for parotid glands. Our primary objective is to assess the potential effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in reducing xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients and determining threshold dose for whole parotid gland and superficial lobes of parotid glands

Radiation therapy uses radiation to treat lung tumors and metastases in the mediastinum. In order to irradiate as precise as possible, and in order to evaluate the effect of radiation treatment, it is important to depict the lung tumor and the lymph node metastases as accurate as possible. Currently, radiation oncologists use PET-CT for this purpose. However, PET-CT does have its drawbacks, and partly because of this, large volumes are irradiated in current treatment. The investigators believe that MRI can be used to improve depiction of the tumor and lymph nodes and of their motion. However, there is currently no MRI protocol available which is aimed at improving radiotherapy. In this study, the investigators want to select the optimal MRI settings for depiction of the lung tumor, the lymph node metastases and their movement. The investigators plan to do this by first examining 10 healthy volunteers, followed by 20 patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether increases in the blood flow from the heart (the cardiac output), induced by the administration of intravenous fluids, lead to an increase in the blood flow to the vital organs, in patients undergoing bowel surgery. This study will involve 2 phases. Firstly, potential volunteers will be invited to meet the research fellow (medical doctor) undertaking this study, who will check their suitability to participate in the study and who will obtain informed consent. The second phase is the study itself which will take place whilst volunteers are having their bowel operation. They will attend theatre in the normal way, but once they have been anaesthetised (put to sleep), a special monitor called an oesophageal doppler probe will be placed into their oesophagus (food pipe) via the nose. This monitor is frequently used in bowel surgery to help assess how much intravenous fluid to administer to a patient by measuring the cardiac output (the amount of blood pumped out of the heart each minute). Using the cannula (drip) already inserted in the arm to allow administration of the anaesthetic, a special fluid, called an ultrasound contrast agent, will be injected into the drip, to allow a contrast enhanced ultrasound scan of the abdominal organs to be performed, to measure the blood flow to these organs. A small sample of blood will be taken from the earlobe to allow us to measure a chemical in the blood called lactate. After this, intravenous fluid will be administered in order to increase the amount of blood pumped out of the heart. Once the oesophageal doppler monitor suggests that an adequate amount of fluid has been given, a second ultrasound scan will be performed to measure whether blood flow to the abdominal organs has also increased. A further blood sample will be taken from your earlobe to measure any change in lactate level. At the completion of the operation, a third ultrasound scan will be performed and another sample of blood taken from the earlobe, to help assess blood flow to the organs.

This trial is going to evaluate the advantage of D2 radical gastrectomy plus 14v lymph node dissection in 3-year survival rates of advanced gastric cancers.

This is a non interventional study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chlorambucil plus Rituximab as firstline therapy in elderly and/or unfit patients affected by B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer in men and the seventh in women and is the third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. The overall incidence of HCC remains high in developing countries and is steadily rising in most industrialized countries. TACE with Doxorubicin-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) has recently been developed as a novel therapy option for HCC. In order to maximize its therapeutic efficacy, doxorubicin-loaded beads were developed to deliver higher doses of the chemotherapeutic agent and to prolong its permanence within the tumor. The comparison of efficacy and safety of TACE with drug-eluting microspheres in comparison with conventional TACE (cTACE) showed that response and time to progression in the group was significantly higher than that of the cTACE group. TACE with drug-eluting microspheres thus appears to be a feasible and promising approach to the treatment of HCC. This study's purpose is evaluating treatment efficacy, survival rate and safety of TACE using drug-eluting microspheres loaded with doxorubicin for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

The project is designed to test new biomarkers that are more sensitive than the current standard in detecting injury to the proximal kidney tubule and will establish better criteria for when kidney safety concerns may halt further testing of a drug in humans.

A part retrospective, part prospective cohort study to assess the difference in 2-year overall survival in patients with stage III NSCLC receiving chemoradiotherapy with curative intent in low and middle income countries before and after a training intervention on the use of PET/CT for radiotherapy treatment planning.

To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the conditioning regimen with cyclophosphamide, fludarabine and antithymocyte globulin (CyFluATG) for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).