Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

MiRNAs are small (~19-25 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules that bind to mRNA in a sequence-specific manner. MiRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs regulate critical cell processes such as metabolism, apoptosis, development, cell cycle, hematopoietic differentiation and have been implicated in the development and progression of several types of cancers, including hematological malignancies. Over-expression, amplification and/or deletion of miRNAs and miRNA-mediated modification of epigenetic silencing can all lead to oncogenic pathways. Hematologic cancers, which are caused by the malignant transformation of bone marrow cells and the lymphatic system, are usually divided into three major clusters: leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. To date, some of the hematological malignancies are very aggressive that early diagnosis is essential for improving prognosis and increasing survival rates. However, current diagnostic methods have various limitations, such as insufficient sensitivity, specificity, it is also time-consuming, costly, and requires a high level of expertise, which limits its application in clinical contexts. Thus, development of new biomarkers for the early detection and relapse of hematological malignancies is desirable. Some of the innate properties of miRNAs make them highly attractive as potential biomarkers. MiRNAs can be readily detected in small volume samples using specific and sensitive quantitative real-time PCR; they have been isolated from most body fluids, including serum, plasma, urine, saliva, tears and semen and are known to circulate in a highly stable, cell-free form. They are highly conserved between species, allowing the use of animal models of disease for pre-clinical studies. Furthermore, tumor cells have been shown to release miRNAs into the circulation and profiles of miRNAs are altered in the plasma and/or serum of patients with cancer. A growing number of publications confirm that miRNAs can be a useful biomarker for hematological malignancies diagnosis and progression.

Symptomatic lymphocele (LC) can be a complication after pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy performed for treatment or staging purposes in the management of some cancers. Management procedures are: single or repeated puncture, prolonged drainage with drains or catheters, mostly followed by sclerotherapy, or surgery. A decision, which management option is most optimal, should be guided by two principles: first to control patient's symptoms, second to apply the least invasive but effective way to treat LC, taking into account that the patient has undergone major surgery recently, and often needs adjuvant treatment at the moment when symptomatic LC is diagnosed. The aim of this study is to validate feasibility, safety and efficacy of a minimally invasive management of a symptomatic LC - drainage with the usage of vascular catheter followed by sclerotherapy, as well as to evaluate patient's experience on the treatment. Patients with symptomatic LC are evaluated with ultrasound. Data about diameters, estimated volume of LC and other organs failure if appear is recorded. Management options are discussed with patient, and if the method with catheter insertion and drainage is chosen than the patient is eligible for the study. After vascular catheter insertion into LC and fluid evacuation, patient is followed with active drainage. Patients with drainage only are observed for a short period of time (up to 7 days), and if not efficient a sclerotherapy is considered. In case a patient does not agree to sclerotherapy, or there are contraindications, or it is doctor's decision that drainage alone is sufficient, than the prolonged drainage without sclerotherapy is the only procedure. The choice about the regimen used for sclerotherapy, it's volume, time intervals between repeated infusion depend on institution practice. Data concerning feasibility, safety and efficacy are noted in designated templates. Patients' experience on the treatment is evaluated with formal questionnaire FACIT-TS-G. The study is observational. Primary outcome measure is to establish efficacy of the method. Secondary outcome measures are safety and patient's experience on the treatment. Investigators hope to establish step-by-step guidelines for optimal, minimally invasive management of symptomatic lymphocele.

This observational, non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter, national study focuses on collecting information about the effectiveness and safety of bortezomib re-use at first relapse in MM patients already treated in their first line with a bortezomib-based regimen, re-challenged with the same drug according to current clinical practice and/or Italian SIE/SIES/GITMO, IMWG and/or NCCN Guidelines/Treatment Recommendations. Data will be collected retrospectively from approximately 25 haematologic/oncologic sites in Italy. Approximately, data of up to 100 patients will be collected.

Medical The Internet of Things (IoT), a recent breakthrough in communication technology, could be helpful in improving health care delivery and saving medical costs, but regarding pulmonary nodule management it is still at the basic understanding. Investigators adopt "Internet of things medical three plus two type pulmonary nodule diagnosis" which chun-xue Bai put forward, used a developed a mobile phone-based IoT (mIoT) platform and initiated a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial to value clinical effectivity of "Internet of things medical three plus two type pulmonary nodule diagnosis" in the management of pulmonary nodules. In this study, at least 600 patients with pulmonary nodules (no typical symptoms, often single, clear boundary, increased density, soft tissue shadow surrounded by lung parenchyma with diameter ≤3 cm) will be randomly allocated to the control group, which receives routine follow-up, or the intervention group, which receives "Internet of things medical three plus two type pulmonary nodule diagnosis" management. Endpoints of the study include: (1) The positive diagnosis rate of lung cancer in I stage; (2) 5 year disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate; (3) direct medical costs per year. Results from this study should provide direct evidence for the suitability of "Internet of things medical three plus two type pulmonary nodule diagnosis" in pulmonary nodules patients management.

Circulating microRNA (circ miRNA) and circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels are hypothesized to be associated with response to chemoradiation in patients undergoing treatment for locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma. The goal of this project is to assess the use of circulating microRNA (miRNA) and circulating tumour cells (CTC) as biomarkers of cancer and predictive markers for neoadjuvant therapy.

Iron deficiency is a known feature of PV, occurs because of accelerated erythropoiesis, gastrointestinal blood loss and phlebotomy. Incidence and effect of iron deficiency in these patients is not well characterized. The study will assess the incidence of iron deficiency at diagnosis and during the course of PV, assess effect of iron deficiency on patient symptoms and its correlation with disease features. This is a multicenter, non-interventional, non-randomized, prospective, observational study in an adult population (patients >18 years old) of patients who have been diagnosed with PV and are being followed in either community or academic medical centers in Israel.

Using phage libraries extensively pre-absorbed on a series of normal cell types, we will isolate phage specifically internalized by B-CLL cells from newly diagnosed and untreated CLL patients. Peptide sequences are then derived by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). NGS-based studies are contributing to an improved understanding of cancer heterogeneity in order to tailor treatment to patients based on the individual makeup of their tumor. However the use of NGS to derive phage displayed peptide sequences is so far rare (22). Traditionally, after exposure to a target and recovery by elution, the phage clones are isolated by titration on bacterial lawns. It is technically demanding and labour intensive to select and analyze more than about 15 of the sometimes thousands clones recovered. Therefore information on other potentially important sequences is missed. NGS allows sequencing of the entire recovered phage pool and provides far more detailed bioinformatic analyses of peptide sequences or motifs. RNA from the CLL cells is used for RNA-seq expression sequencing. The wide application of NGS in combination with bioinformatics tools has begun to revolutionize cancer research, diagnosis and therapy. The peptide and RNA sequencing data will afford bioinformatic testing of correlations of exome expression and clinical parameters with the pattern of peptide sequences internalized by CLL cells of different patients. This information is crucial to answering questions 1, 2 and 3 discussed on page 1 above. The results of this analysis will probably not allow identification of specific receptors targeted by the peptides. The aim at this stage of the research is to identify candidate targeting peptides. Once identified, further research will be needed to identify the receptors to which they bind. Regarding question 4, there is currently very little published information on the therapeutic potential of PDCs in leukemia. Using two peptides we have isolated that target murine A20 leukemic cells, we will prepare multi-drug PDCs (using technology we have developed) and in an animal model, test their ability to enhance the survival and quality of life of CLL bearing animals.

The investigators aim to give an overview of Iron overload(IOL) of patients with AA and low and int-1 risk MDS and their sequelae under different chelation treatment. And the investigators also aim to evaluate the relationship of LIC and T2*/R2*.

To evaluate and to compare the effectiveness of CA-125 and HE4 serum levels in epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) in follow-up in terms of time to detection of elevation after the end of the first line treatment. To evaluate the lead-time of the rise of marker levels before epithelial OC recurrence diagnosis by Computed tomography (CT) imaging method. To evaluate the appropriate HE4 cut-off value for follow-up of patients after the treatment of ovarian, Fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer.

Prospective multicenter, open-lab el, observational, single arm study of decitabine. Subjects will be elderly patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve AML who are unfit to receive and not candidate for intensive induction chemotherapy (iIC)