Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

This study will analyze the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota of patients with locally advanced or metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) through metagenomic high-throughput sequencing methods, and explore the relationship between the gut microbiota and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment response. This study will further understand the influence and mechanism of the gut microbiota on tumor immunotherapy, and will provide new ideas and theoretical basis for improving the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy by targeting the gut microbiota in the clinic, and benefit more NSCLC patients.

This is a two stage nested case-control study to construct the hologram plane , explore biomarkers and screening original drugs of metastatic colorectal cancer.

The corona pandemic is a continuing global challenge due to Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the capability of Haemato-oncology patients to generate antibodies against COVID-19 after infection and vaccination.

establishment of glioma microenvironment cell dynamic evolution database reveal the mechanism of GIM promoting malignant transformation of glioma cells reveal the dynamic regulation process of immune cells in the process of glioma evolution

Analyze the occurrence of complications, rectal function and quality of life after anus-preserving surgery for middle and low rectal cancer, so as to evaluate the role of protective ileostomy.

Non-melanocytic skin cancers are the most common type of cancer worldwide. In the development of this cancer type, environmental factors such as UV and smoking are emphasized. Epigenetics are genetic conditions that develop due to environmental factors and can be inherited. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play an integral role in carcinogenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. The TGF-/ SMAD4 pathway plays a tumor suppressive role in cancer pathogenesis. Epigenetic changes in this pathway also lead to a decrease in expression level, leading to different types of cancer. However, there is no study showing the epigenetic relationship between non-melanocytic skin cancer and SMAD4 methylation. In this study we planned, it was aimed to show the change in SMAD4 methylation and SMAD4 RNA expression level in cancerous tissue. In addition, it is planned to measure the SMAD4 protein positivity rate in non-melanocytic cancers as an immunohistochemical marker. In this context, 60 patients who applied to Trakya University Dermatology and Venereal Diseases Outpatient Clinic and diagnosed with non-melanocytic skin cancer clinically and dermoscopically will be included in the study. Tissue materials obtained from both cancerous and intact skin of the patients will be examined in Trakya University Medical Biophysics and Medicine Pathology laboratories through various steps. Our project is the first study to be conducted on this subject in terms of handling all non-melanocytic skin cancers, using human tissue and having a large sample. In addition, with the data to be obtained; We think that better clarification of the role of SMAD4 in non-melanocytic cancers and the use of SMAD4 as both a prognostic factor and an immunohistochemical marker in future studies will prevent this study. Again, we anticipate that different treatment modalities will be developed and different functional studies can be designed through this pathway.

To measure the rate of bone marrow release and the lifespan of classical monocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with a chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Metastasis is the main cause of death in cancer patients and often epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is advocated as the basic mechanism. Recently Fang and colleagues described an EMT-independent process of metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): endothelium covers small cluster of tumor cells allowing tumor dissemination. This process of angiogenesis, named VETC (vessels that encapsulate tumor clusters) in HCC literature, has been described under different names in other cancer types. Furthermore, the investigators confirmed the negative impact of VETC on patients' prognosis on a large multicenter cohort of HCCs. Moreover, Fang et al demonstrated that patients affected by VETC-positive HCC benefit more from sorafenib therapy. Interestingly, this type of angiogenesis was also found in renal cell carcinoma, adrenal gland pheochromocytoma, thyroid follicular carcinoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and associated to prognosis. Moreover, the distinction between benign and malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland is a complex matter, being the established criteria still lacking a strong reproducibility. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors are available for different cancer types; among them, HCC, RCC, ASPS, and TC may benefit from the so-called antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors (aTKI) (such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib). A general (histotype-independent) validation of the prognostic role of VETC is missing. Moreover, inhibitors of tyrosine-kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR-TKI), represent an effective treatment for different cancer types, but predictive markers are still needed. In addition, novel systemic immunotherapy agents are being approved in many cancer types, as alternative to angiogenesis inhibitors. A broader frame including metastatic mechanisms, tumor microenvironment (TME, i.e. angiogenesis and immune infiltrate) and treatment response could answer to several needs currently unmet. Bayesian networks and causal models can be employed to effectively draw conclusions from retrospective data. The aim of the present study is to investigate in patients with RCC and adrenal carcinoma (AC) the VETC-expression on tumor tissue, correlating the results with clinical data, patients characteristics, and outcome.

For patients who have been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer that has not spread outside of the pancreas and nearby lymph nodes. The purpose of this research study is to understand if we are able to detect pancreatic cancer DNA in the blood stream before, during, and after treatment.

Endoscopy plays a pivotal role in the management (diagnosis and treatment) of Barrett's related neoplasia. The standard endoscopy is generally done under white light, which is known to be imperfect in detecting early neoplastic lesion. Narrow band imaging (NBI) improves definition of the superficial morphology and vasculature of GI mucosa. Some studies have shown the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce the number of biopsies required for Barrett's related neoplasia. This can ultimately improve the cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance. The ability to discriminate between healthy and diseased tissue also makes NBI a useful technique for the delineation of lesions to treat with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). However not all studies provide evidence of diagnostic utility. Also the majority of these studies have been conducted by expert endoscopists, which makes the results difficult to extend to general endoscopy practice. The limited number of Barrett's specialists in certain areas of the country validates the need for a study to investigate whether there is an objective improvement in detection and delineation of Barrett's neoplastic lesions by less experienced observers. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of non-magnified NBI in non-expert identification of lesions as compared to expert endoscopists as well as the inter-observer agreement among endoscopists on WLE and NBI.