Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

Frequency of constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency among suspected neurofibromatosis type 1 patients without a NF1 mutation Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare inherited condition. Individuals with CMMRD have an extraordinarily high risk to develop a malignant tumor in childhood or adolescence. Nearly all known CMMRD patients developed a malignancy within the first three decades of life and most often in (early) childhood. Since early cancer detection improves the chances to survive, these patients should be included from early childhood on in intensive cancer surveillance protocols. Typically patients are diagnosed with CMMRD only when they develop their first malignant tumor. Many children with CMMRD show already before the onset of the first malignant tumor clinical signs that may serve as a signpost of this severe condition. Often CMMRD patient show skin patches of milk coffee-like color, termed café au lait maculae (CALM), which are very typical for a different inherited condition named neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1, which is much more frequent than CMMRD, also leads to tumor development. But NF1 tumors are usually benign and NF1 children need different, less rigorous, tumor surveillance programs than CMMRD patients. A child with >5 CALM is suspected of having NF1. However, if this diagnosis cannot be confirmed by identification of the causative genetic alteration (NF1-mutation), CMMRD is one possible, but presumably rare, alternative (= differential) diagnosis. Therefore, human geneticists and pediatricians discuss internationally, whether these children should be tested for CMMRD. Diagnosing CMMRD in this situation would allow offering appropriate cancer surveillance protocols to these patients before they develop their first malignant tumor. However, CMMRD testing in this situation may also cause difficulties. Genetic testing may for instance render an ambiguous result, which can neither confirm nor rule out CMMRD. Such a result would create great uncertainty of the appropriate management of the patient. It would be not clear whether intensive cancer surveillance, that may be very stressful for the patient and the family, should be applied or not. Such potential disadvantages of (with respect to tumor development) predictive CMMRD testing argue more against testing when the chances to identify CMMRD in a patient and consequently achieving a benefit for the patient are low. But currently the frequency of CMMRD patients among suspected NF1 patients without a causative NF1 mutation is unknown. It is the aim of this project to get a reliable estimation on the frequency of the differential diagnosis CMMRD in children with NF1 signs in whom the diagnosis NF1 cannot be confirmed. This information is needed to evaluate and weight the benefits and potential disadvantage of CMMRD testing in these children. To know this frequency is also important for appropriate genetic counseling of at risk children and their parents.

This is a prospective, clinical study. This study is to collect and analyze data of radiomics of primary site or metastasis of colorectal cancer aiming to precisizing preoperative diagnosis and long-term prognsis evaluation.

Detection of somatic mutations in hematological malignancies is now routinely assessed by NGS sequencing. This powerful approach is nevertheless time consuming and its costs represent limitation for its availability. An original approach is now available, using mass spectrometry (MS). In this study the analytical performance of both methods will be compared, using samples that were previously analyzed by NGS. The goal of the study is to assess whether MS can represent or not a faster and cheaper way to detect key point mutations in patients suffering from hematological malignancies

Focus of this project is to evaluate the possible financial benefit resulting from an optimization of surgical outcomes throughout a collaborative and systematic auditing activity.The primary objective of this analysis is to assess the employed resources by National Health System related to surgical activities for primary colorectal cancer during a collaborative and systematic auditing activity in 8 Surgical Units of Emilia-Romagna

The goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of the diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the evaluation of the treatment response in patients with malignant lymphoma. The investigator's objective is to compare the changes of mean Apparent Diffusion Coefficient value of the tumor with the changes of maximum Standardized Uptake Value of the tumor in positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography in both pre and post therapy status .

Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a distinct type of biliary tumor characterised with delicate fibrovascular stalks (papillary of villous) covered at biliary epithelium. The typical pathologic feature is dramatical dilation of affected bile ducts due to obstruction by mucin production. IPNB has a better prognosis than bile duct carcinoma, but the current proposed entity contains multiple definitions or categories, thus confused in pathology. Although mutations of several genes on IPNBs (such as GNAS, KRAS, APC, CTNNB1, and RNF43) identified in previous studies, there is still an unification at gene expression signature. This research trial will use whole exome sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analysis in finding causative mutations in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples from IPNBs patients.

A single-center, non-interventional prospective observational study in the NSCLC patients with different driver genes

in this resarch we will use ELISA Technique to estimate Human Transcriptional Activator(MYB) Expression .compare it by Immmunohistochemistry analysis of MYB Expression in the malignant and benign salivary gland tumor

Specific oral microbiome has been found to contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. We speculate that specific oral microbiota related to colorectal cancer relapse after curative treatment. This study aim to discover if any difference of oral microbiota exist in patients who suffer from cancer relapse compared with patients who do not. Finally develop patient-centred programmes of surveillance protocols base on microbiota analysis.

The association between lifestyle and dietary pattern with precursor lesions of colorectal cancer is still unclear. This study is conduced in Jinhua, a city with a high prevalence of colorectal cancer in China, to assess relations between precursor lesions of colorectal cancer and lifestyle and dietary factors.