Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract (Lung and Bronchial) Diseases"

This is a single arm seamless phase I/II prospective cohort study. Patients with early stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (T1-T2N0M0) or those with a single pulmonary metastasis of a known malignancy (either following radical treatment or systemic therapy) will be offered participation in this study. Participants will have three tumor locator beacons placed with a flexible bronchoscope in the small bronchial airways in proximity (<3cm) from their lung tumors. These tumor locator beacons will provide real-time positional data and will allow for smaller treatment volumes of Stereotactic Ablative Radiosurgery (SABR) and also allow for a specialized form of treatment delivery known as respiratory gated SABR. This is expected to result in higher precision radiotheapy delivery with less radiotherapy dose to healthy tissues which are in close proximity to the lung tumours.

Purpose: To determine if inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) accelerates airway mucociliary clearance (MCC) in well-controlled moderate to severe asthmatics.

This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine (CCL21-gene modified dendritic cell vaccine) combined with intravenous pembrolizumab, and to see how well they work in treating patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. Vaccines made from a gene-modified virus may help the body build an effective immune response to kill tumor cells. Monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving CCL21-gene modified dendritic cell vaccine with pembrolizumab may work better in treating patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer.

Study RGX-104-001 is a Phase 1, first-in-human, dose escalation and expansion study of RGX-104, an oral small molecule targeting the liver X receptor (LXR), as a single agent and in combination with nivolumab, ipilimumab, docetaxel, or pembrolizumab plus carboplatin/pemetrexed.

This phase I/II trial studies the best dose and side effects of recombinant human EGF-rP64K/montanide ISA 51 vaccine (CIMAvax) and nivolumab and to see how well they work in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer or squamous head and neck cancer that has spread to other places in the body. Vaccine therapy, such as CIMAvax vaccine may help slow down and stop tumor growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving CIMAvax vaccine together with nivolumab or pembrolizumab may work better in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer or squamous head and neck cancer.

The main objective of this study is to compare the median exposures at pharmacokinetic equilibrium of the two modalities of administration: 4-hours infusion of ceftolozane-tazobactam at a dosage of 2 gram three times a day vs 1-hour infusion of 2 gram three times a day.

RENOVATE study aims to investigate if the respiratory support device called High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Cannula (HFNC) acts similarly (non-inferior) to another respiratory support device called Non-Invasive positive-pressure Ventilation (NIPPV) in preventing endotracheal intubation in adult patients with Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) from different causes. HFNC is a somewhat new method of respiratory support in adults that has been used in neonatal ARF for some years. The reason this study is necessary is that, even though NIPPV has been demonstrated to prevent endotracheal intubation (and its associated complications) in a broad range of ARF patients, HFNC has been proposed to have the same beneficial effect of NIPPV while being easier tolerated, allowing patients to talk, eat and drink through mouth while on HFNC. RENOVATE will recruit between 800 to 2000 patients (adaptive design) with different types of ARF in Brazil. Patients will be randomized to HFNC or NIPPV and the rate of endotracheal intubation will be compared between groups as well as other parameters such as vital status and other health care related complications. [IMPORTANT NOTE] On April 13, 2021, on the first interim analysis, the DSMB recommended the interruption of the immunocompromised hypoxemic ARF subgroup.

This study evaluates the efficacy of the AuryzoN devices in the ear and nose reconstruction surgeries, both in terms of operative time and overall quality of reconstruction. Research participants will undergo reconstruction either using the AuryzoN device or through current methods (traditional manual processing) at the discretion of their surgeon prior to the start of surgery.

Radiotherapy plays an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and concurrent chemoradiation is considered to be the standard treatment for locally advanced NSCLC. However, due to the patient's physical condition, comorbidities and other reasons, only about 1/3 of patients can receive concurrent chemoradiation. Radiotherapy alone or sequential chemoradiation has become the treatment protocol for most patients. Hypofractionated radiotherapy can be used in NSCLC because it can shorten the over treatment time and may potentially reduce the effect of accelerated repopulation and obtain higher biological effective dose（BED）. So far, the vast majority of radiotherapy prescriptions have given a uniform dose of 60 Gy. This unified prescription dosage approach is completely inconsistent with the concept of precision treatment. The Netherlands MAASTRO put forward the concept of in silico radiotherapy prescription, that is: the normal tissue limits are uniform, such as: V20% ≤ 30%, spinal cord V0> 45Gy, etc., and each patient receives a different dose of radiation therapy. This radiation prescription could reach the limits of the normal tissue of every patient; if no one tissue limits were reached, the highest dose was set up to 79.2 Gy (1.8 Gy, BID). MAASTRO applied this "iso-toxic" radiotherapy prescription and used accelerated hyperfractionation technology so that each patient received the maximum individualized radiation dose as possible. We will integrate this concept with hypofractionated radiotherapy in order to further improve efficacy.

This study compares the therapeutic (clinical and radiological) efficacy of a six-month treatment by itraconazole and nebulised Ambisome® (liposomal amphotericin B = LAmB) versus treatment by itraconazole alone, in non - or mildly - immunocompromised patients affected by Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (single aspergilloma excluded). • Control arm: Itraconazole 200 mg x 2/day associated with inactive nebulised treatment twice a week during 24 weeks. • Experimental arm: Itraconazole 200 mg x 2/day associated with nebulised LAmB, at 25 mg twice a week during 24 weeks. Follow up duration for the patients will be 24 months (12 months minimum) after discontinuation of the treatment being studied.