Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract (Lung and Bronchial) Diseases"

The investigators will evaluate the utility of computer aided image analysis in lung cancer with the aim of predicting treatment response and prognosis.

This study focuses on advanced lung and head and neck SCC tumours, with adjacent normal lung tissues. Biopsies will be performed in National University Health System, Singapore (NUHS) as part of participants' standard care. Patient blood was also required for extraction of cell free DNA (cfDNA) and genomic DNA (gDNA). Patients' medical records will also be reviewed for the purpose of this study.

Weaning failure from mechanical ventilator is commonly seen in respiratory failure and increases duration of ventilator use, ICU stay, ventilator associated pneumonia and even mortality. The diaphragm serves as one of the most important respiratory mechanism and its function differs the weaning success rate. Since 1980s, ultrasonography assessment in diaphragm movement were developed and further discussion upon whether it serves as a predicting factor for extubation failure. The measurement includes difference of diaphragm thickness, diaphragm excursion or the movement of liver and spleen. Multiple studies targeted intubated patients with different measurement methods and all resulted with good weaning prediction value.6 Of all the studies, only one study targeted tracheostomy tube patients. They reported diaphragm thickness fraction >36% as cutoff value is associated with successful spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), with a sensitivity of 0.82, specificity of 0.88. However, little comparison with traditional weaning parameters was mentioned in the study. We designed this prospective observational study to evaluate whether diaphragm movement under ultrasound serves as a predicting index of ventilator discontinuation in patients with tracheostomy. The diaphragm movement will also correlate with other parameters such as RSBI, Pi max, Pe max, Tv spont., WEANSNOW score(WS), VO2, APACHE II. Esophageal pressure is also provided as an option for our study population for more information such as pleural pressure, transdiaphragm pressure, etc. The ultrasonography measurement of diaphragm movement will be performed within 6 hours before discontinuation of ventilator. The patient remains in semi-recumbent position with the convex probe selected for its good penetration. The probe is placed at a craniocaudal axis, 90 degrees to the skin at the lower intercostal spaces to right anterior axillary line (AAL) and left posterior axillary line (PAL), which allows a perpendicular ultrasound beam direction to the diaphragm movement. Liver (border or vascular structure), splenic (border or vascular structure) will be selected as target point and the marked distance of movement during quiet respiration cycle will be measured 10 times with a largest value calculated. Other echo measurements will also be attempted. The study aims to investigate if the measurement of the diaphragm movement serves as a reliable predicting factor for weaning failure in respiratory care center patients.

Study aims to prospectively evaluate if the pressures normally applied during mechanical ventilation in laparoscopic surgery induce stress on the pulmonary wall. To do this is used measure the variation of esophageal pressure, as indirect index of the pleural pressure and therefore of the transpulmonary pressure, in response to changes in airway pressures in a group of patients undergoing robotic assisted radical prostatectomy or videolaparoscopy.

evaluation of diaphragmatic disfunction eventually occurred in pediatric patient undergoing mechanical ventilation therapy

Extensive studies suggest composition of microbiome of respiratory samples or lung tissues in COPD patients is different from the composition of healthy smokers. Aim of this study is to analyze composition of microbiome of various samples (e.g. feces, sputum, and urine) and to describe difference of composition between COPD patients and healthy smokers.

RTM Vital Signs, LLC is developing a miniature wearable tracheal sound sensor that communicates with a cell phone containing a machine-learning diagnostic algorithm designed to detect and predict the onset of mild, moderate, and severe hypoventilation (respiratory depression) due to an opioid overdose. The purpose of this clinical trial is to develop/validate diagnostic algorithms capable of detecting/predicting the onset of hypoventilation induced by a controlled intravenous infusion of fentanyl. The wearable sensor and algorithms will provide a series of alerts and alarms to the person, caregiver, and/or emergency personnel.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a severe but treatable disease that is commonly underdiagnosed. Computed tomography lung subtraction iodine mapping (CT-LSIM) in addition to standard CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) may improve the evaluation of suspected chronic pulmonary embolism and improve the diagnostic pick up rate. The investigators aim to recruit 100 patients suspected of having CTEPH and perform CT-LSIM scans in addition to the current gold standard test of nuclear medicine test (lung single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging) as a pilot study which will contribute to and inform the definitive trial. The diagnostic accuracy of CT-LSIM and lung SPECT will be compared. The primary outcome of the full definitive study is non-inferiority of CT-LSIM versus lung SPECT imaging.

This study is conducted to explore the feasibility and value of Intraoperative ultrasonographic localization of pulmonary nodules in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

This study aims to investigate the correlation between pulmonary microbiota dynamics (including bacteria, fungi and viruses) and COPD exacerbation for COPD patients admitted to ICU