Back to resultsS0000 Selenium and Vitamin E in Preventing Prostate Cancer (SELECT)
Primary Purpose
Prostate Cancer
Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Vitamin E
Selenium
Vitamin E placebo
selenium placebo
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional prevention trial for Prostate Cancer focused on measuring prostate cancer
Eligibility Criteria
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Healthy male volunteers Digital rectal examination (DRE) deemed not suspicious for prostate cancer performed within 364 days prior to study entry Participants with a suspicious DRE are ineligible even if a recent or subsequent biopsy is negative for cancer Total prostate-specific antigen ≤ 4.0 ng/mL within 364 days prior to study entry No prior prostate cancer or high-grade (grade 2-3) prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: See Disease Characteristics Performance status: Not specified Life expectancy: Not specified Hematopoietic: Not specified Hepatic: Not specified Renal: Not specified Cardiovascular: Systolic blood pressure < 160 mm Hg Diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg No history of hemorrhagic stroke Other: No malignancies within the past 5 years except basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer No uncontrolled medical illness No retinitis pigmentosa PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy Not specified Chemotherapy Not specified Endocrine therapy Not specified Radiotherapy Not specified Surgery Not specified Other At least 7 years since prior randomization to SWOG-9217, with completion of end-of-study biopsy requirement No additional concurrent selenium or vitamin E (contained in individual supplements, antioxidant mix, or multivitamin) Concurrent multivitamins allowed (supplied on study) No concurrent anticoagulation therapy (e.g., warfarin) Concurrent prophylactic aspirin (average daily dose no greater than 175 mg/day) allowed Concurrent daily aspirin dose ≤ 81 mg for participants receiving clopidogrel Concurrent anti-hypertension medication allowed No concurrent participation in another study involving a medical, surgical, nutritional, or life-style intervention (unless no longer receiving the intervention and are in the follow-up phase only)
Sites / Locations
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at Northwestern University
- Midwest Center for Hematology/Oncology
- Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center at Loyola University Medical Center
- CCOP - Cancer Research for the Ozarks
- St. John's Regional Health Center
- Good Samaritan Hospital Cancer Treatment Center
- Bethesda North Hospital
- Tod Children's Hospital
- LaFortune Cancer Center at St. John Medical Center
- Geisinger Medical Center
- Geisinger Medical Group - Scenery Park
- Frank M. and Dorothea Henry Cancer Center at Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center
- U.T. Cancer Institute at University of Tennessee Medical Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm Type
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Arm Label
Vitamin E + selenium placebo
Selenium + vitamin E placebo
Vitamin E + selenium
Vitamin E placebo + selenium placebo
Arm Description
vitamin E and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
selenium and vitamin E placebo daily for 7-12 years
vitamin E and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
vitamine E placebo and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Number of Participants With Prostate Cancer
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Prostate cancer diagnosis is based on participant report followed by the submission of a pathologic sample to central pathology review for confirmation.
Secondary Outcome Measures
Number of Participants With Lung Cancer
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Number of Participants With Colorectal Cancer
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Number of Participants With Any Diagnosis of Cancer
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Prostate Cancer Free Survival; Lung Cancer-free Survival, Colorectal Cancer-free Survival, Cancer-free Survival, Overall Survival
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Prostate cancer diagnosis is based on participant report followed by the submission of a pathologic sample to central pathology review for confirmation. Other cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Number of Participants With Serious Cardiovascular Events
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Cardiovascular events are based on self-report and are not confirmed. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT00006392
First Posted
October 4, 2000
Last Updated
October 23, 2015
Sponsor
SWOG Cancer Research Network
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Cancer and Leukemia Group B, NCIC Clinical Trials Group
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00006392
Brief Title
S0000 Selenium and Vitamin E in Preventing Prostate Cancer
Acronym
SELECT
Official Title
Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) for Prostate Cancer
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
October 2015
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
July 2001 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
May 2011 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
September 2012 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
SWOG Cancer Research Network
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Cancer and Leukemia Group B, NCIC Clinical Trials Group
4. Oversight
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
RATIONALE: Chemoprevention therapy is the use of certain drugs to try to prevent the development of cancer. It is not yet known which regimen of selenium and/or vitamin E may be more effective in preventing prostate cancer.
PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to determine the effectiveness of selenium and vitamin E, either alone or together, in preventing prostate cancer.
Detailed Description
OBJECTIVES:
Compare the effect of selenium and vitamin E administered alone vs in combination on the clinical incidence of prostate cancer.
Compare the effect of these prevention regimens on the incidence of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and all cancers combined in participants on this study.
Compare the effect of these prevention regimens on prostate cancer-free survival, lung cancer-free survival, colorectal cancer-free survival, cancer-free survival, overall survival, and serious cardiovascular events in these participants.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Prostate Cancer
Keywords
prostate cancer
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Phase 3
Interventional Study Model
Factorial Assignment
Masking
ParticipantCare ProviderInvestigatorOutcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
35533 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Vitamin E + selenium placebo
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
vitamin E and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
Arm Title
Selenium + vitamin E placebo
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
selenium and vitamin E placebo daily for 7-12 years
Arm Title
Vitamin E + selenium
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
vitamin E and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
Arm Title
Vitamin E placebo + selenium placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
vitamine E placebo and selenium placebo daily for 7-12 years
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Vitamin E
Other Intervention Name(s)
alpha tocopherol
Intervention Description
400 IU daily by mouth for 7-12 years
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Selenium
Other Intervention Name(s)
L-selenomethionine
Intervention Description
200 mcg daily for 7-12 years
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Vitamin E placebo
Other Intervention Name(s)
placebo
Intervention Description
daily for 7-12 years
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
selenium placebo
Other Intervention Name(s)
placebo
Intervention Description
daily for 7-12 years
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Number of Participants With Prostate Cancer
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Prostate cancer diagnosis is based on participant report followed by the submission of a pathologic sample to central pathology review for confirmation.
Time Frame
Every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Number of Participants With Lung Cancer
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Time Frame
Participants are assessed for medical every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when he was randomized . Upon diagnosis of prostate cancer, updates are annual.
Title
Number of Participants With Colorectal Cancer
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Time Frame
Participants are assessed for medical every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when he was randomized . Upon diagnosis of prostate cancer, updates are annual.
Title
Number of Participants With Any Diagnosis of Cancer
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. Cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Time Frame
Participants are assessed for medical every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when he was randomized . Upon diagnosis of prostate cancer, updates are annual.
Title
Prostate Cancer Free Survival; Lung Cancer-free Survival, Colorectal Cancer-free Survival, Cancer-free Survival, Overall Survival
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Prostate cancer diagnosis is based on participant report followed by the submission of a pathologic sample to central pathology review for confirmation. Other cancer diagnoses are based on participant report. Medical records for non-prostate cancers were collected but they were not pathologically confirmed. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Time Frame
Participants are assessed for medical every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when he was randomized . Upon diagnosis of prostate cancer, updates are annual.
Title
Number of Participants With Serious Cardiovascular Events
Description
Participants are seen at the study site every six month for an update of medical events. If the participant has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, study site visits are once a year. Cardiovascular events are based on self-report and are not confirmed. Follow-up was planned for seven to 12 years depending on when the participant was randomized.
Time Frame
Participants are assessed for medical every six months for 7 to 12 years depending on when he was randomized . Upon diagnosis of prostate cancer, updates are annual.
10. Eligibility
Sex
Male
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
50 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
120 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
Healthy male volunteers
Digital rectal examination (DRE) deemed not suspicious for prostate cancer performed within 364 days prior to study entry
Participants with a suspicious DRE are ineligible even if a recent or subsequent biopsy is negative for cancer
Total prostate-specific antigen ≤ 4.0 ng/mL within 364 days prior to study entry
No prior prostate cancer or high-grade (grade 2-3) prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
Age:
See Disease Characteristics
Performance status:
Not specified
Life expectancy:
Not specified
Hematopoietic:
Not specified
Hepatic:
Not specified
Renal:
Not specified
Cardiovascular:
Systolic blood pressure < 160 mm Hg
Diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg
No history of hemorrhagic stroke
Other:
No malignancies within the past 5 years except basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer
No uncontrolled medical illness
No retinitis pigmentosa
PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
Biologic therapy
Not specified
Chemotherapy
Not specified
Endocrine therapy
Not specified
Radiotherapy
Not specified
Surgery
Not specified
Other
At least 7 years since prior randomization to SWOG-9217, with completion of end-of-study biopsy requirement
No additional concurrent selenium or vitamin E (contained in individual supplements, antioxidant mix, or multivitamin)
Concurrent multivitamins allowed (supplied on study)
No concurrent anticoagulation therapy (e.g., warfarin)
Concurrent prophylactic aspirin (average daily dose no greater than 175 mg/day) allowed
Concurrent daily aspirin dose ≤ 81 mg for participants receiving clopidogrel
Concurrent anti-hypertension medication allowed
No concurrent participation in another study involving a medical, surgical, nutritional, or life-style intervention (unless no longer receiving the intervention and are in the follow-up phase only)
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Eric Klein, MD
Organizational Affiliation
The Cleveland Clinic
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Philip J. Walther, MD, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Duke University
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Laurence H. Klotz, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Toronto Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Scott M. Lippman, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
MD Anderson
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Ian M. Thompson, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
University of Texas
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
J. Michael Gaziano, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
MAVERIC
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Daniel D Karp, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
Beth Israel Deaconess
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Fadlo R. Khuri, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
MD Anderson
Official's Role
Study Chair
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Michael M Lieber, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
Mayo Clinic
Official's Role
Study Chair
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at Northwestern University
City
Chicago
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60611-3013
Country
United States
Facility Name
Midwest Center for Hematology/Oncology
City
Joliet
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60432
Country
United States
Facility Name
Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center at Loyola University Medical Center
City
Maywood
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60153
Country
United States
Facility Name
CCOP - Cancer Research for the Ozarks
City
Springfield
State/Province
Missouri
ZIP/Postal Code
65802
Country
United States
Facility Name
St. John's Regional Health Center
City
Springfield
State/Province
Missouri
ZIP/Postal Code
65804
Country
United States
Facility Name
Good Samaritan Hospital Cancer Treatment Center
City
Cincinnati
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
45220
Country
United States
Facility Name
Bethesda North Hospital
City
Cincinnati
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
45242
Country
United States
Facility Name
Tod Children's Hospital
City
Youngstown
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
44501
Country
United States
Facility Name
LaFortune Cancer Center at St. John Medical Center
City
Tulsa
State/Province
Oklahoma
ZIP/Postal Code
74104
Country
United States
Facility Name
Geisinger Medical Center
City
Danville
State/Province
Pennsylvania
ZIP/Postal Code
17822-0001
Country
United States
Facility Name
Geisinger Medical Group - Scenery Park
City
State College
State/Province
Pennsylvania
ZIP/Postal Code
16801
Country
United States
Facility Name
Frank M. and Dorothea Henry Cancer Center at Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center
City
Wilkes-Barre
State/Province
Pennsylvania
ZIP/Postal Code
18711
Country
United States
Facility Name
U.T. Cancer Institute at University of Tennessee Medical Center
City
Knoxville
State/Province
Tennessee
ZIP/Postal Code
37920-6999
Country
United States
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
11552710
Citation
Hoque A, Albanes D, Lippman SM, Spitz MR, Taylor PR, Klein EA, Thompson IM, Goodman P, Stanford JL, Crowley JJ, Coltman CA, Santella RM. Molecular epidemiologic studies within the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). Cancer Causes Control. 2001 Sep;12(7):627-33. doi: 10.1023/a:1011277600059.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
19373601
Citation
El-Bayoumy K. The negative results of the SELECT study do not necessarily discredit the selenium-cancer prevention hypothesis. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(3):285-6. doi: 10.1080/01635580902892829. No abstract available.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
16315648
Citation
Cook ED, Moody-Thomas S, Anderson KB, Campbell R, Hamilton SJ, Harrington JM, Lippman SM, Minasian LM, Paskett ED, Craine S, Arnold KB, Probstfield JL. Minority recruitment to the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). Clin Trials. 2005;2(5):436-42. doi: 10.1191/1740774505cn111oa.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
15767358
Citation
Kristal AR, King IB, Albanes D, Pollak MN, Stanzyk FZ, Santella RM, Hoque A. Centralized blood processing for the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial: effects of delayed processing on carotenoids, tocopherols, insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, steroid hormones, and lymphocyte viability. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Mar;14(3):727-30. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0596.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
15657339
Citation
Lippman SM, Goodman PJ, Klein EA, Parnes HL, Thompson IM Jr, Kristal AR, Santella RM, Probstfield JL, Moinpour CM, Albanes D, Taylor PR, Minasian LM, Hoque A, Thomas SM, Crowley JJ, Gaziano JM, Stanford JL, Cook ED, Fleshner NE, Lieber MM, Walther PJ, Khuri FR, Karp DD, Schwartz GG, Ford LG, Coltman CA Jr. Designing the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Jan 19;97(2):94-102. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dji009.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
19066370
Citation
Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Lucia MS, Thompson IM, Ford LG, Parnes HL, Minasian LM, Gaziano JM, Hartline JA, Parsons JK, Bearden JD 3rd, Crawford ED, Goodman GE, Claudio J, Winquist E, Cook ED, Karp DD, Walther P, Lieber MM, Kristal AR, Darke AK, Arnold KB, Ganz PA, Santella RM, Albanes D, Taylor PR, Probstfield JL, Jagpal TJ, Crowley JJ, Meyskens FL Jr, Baker LH, Coltman CA Jr. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA. 2009 Jan 7;301(1):39-51. doi: 10.1001/jama.2008.864. Epub 2008 Dec 9.
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
21990298
Citation
Klein EA, Thompson IM Jr, Tangen CM, Crowley JJ, Lucia MS, Goodman PJ, Minasian LM, Ford LG, Parnes HL, Gaziano JM, Karp DD, Lieber MM, Walther PJ, Klotz L, Parsons JK, Chin JL, Darke AK, Lippman SM, Goodman GE, Meyskens FL Jr, Baker LH. Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA. 2011 Oct 12;306(14):1549-56. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1437.
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
27998216
Citation
Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Till C, Schenk JM, Lucia MS, Thompson IM Jr. Biases in Recommendations for and Acceptance of Prostate Biopsy Significantly Affect Assessment of Prostate Cancer Risk Factors: Results From Two Large Randomized Clinical Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Dec 20;34(36):4338-4344. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.1965. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
27519183
Citation
Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Darke AK, Arnold KB, Hartline J, Yee M, Anderson K, Caban-Holt A, Christen WG, Cassano PA, Lance P, Klein EA, Crowley JJ, Minasian LM, Meyskens FL. Opportunities and challenges in incorporating ancillary studies into a cancer prevention randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2016 Aug 12;17:400. doi: 10.1186/s13063-016-1524-9.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
27197287
Citation
Chan JM, Darke AK, Penney KL, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Lee GM, Sun T, Peisch S, Tinianow AM, Rae JM, Klein EA, Thompson IM Jr, Kantoff PW, Mucci LA. Selenium- or Vitamin E-Related Gene Variants, Interaction with Supplementation, and Risk of High-Grade Prostate Cancer in SELECT. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016 Jul;25(7):1050-1058. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0104. Epub 2016 May 6.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
23064404
Citation
Goodman PJ, Hartline JA, Tangen CM, Crowley JJ, Minasian LM, Klein EA, Cook ED, Darke AK, Arnold KB, Anderson K, Yee M, Meyskens FL, Baker LH. Moving a randomized clinical trial into an observational cohort. Clin Trials. 2013 Feb;10(1):131-42. doi: 10.1177/1740774512460345. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
Results Reference
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PubMed Identifier
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Citation
Chlebowski RT, Menon R, Chaisanguanthum RM, Jackson DM. Prospective evaluation of two recruitment strategies for a randomized controlled cancer prevention trial. Clin Trials. 2010 Dec;7(6):744-8. doi: 10.1177/1740774510383886. Epub 2010 Sep 10.
Results Reference
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PubMed Identifier
20156960
Citation
Cook ED, Arnold KB, Hermos JA, McCaskill-Stevens W, Moody-Thomas S, Probstfield JL, Hamilton SJ, Campbell RD, Anderson KB, Minasian LM. Impact of supplemental site grants to increase African American accrual for the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. Clin Trials. 2010 Feb;7(1):90-9. doi: 10.1177/1740774509357227.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
23171483
Citation
Abner EL, Dennis BC, Mathews MJ, Mendiondo MS, Caban-Holt A, Kryscio RJ, Schmitt FA; PREADViSE Investigators; Crowley JJ; SELECT Investigators. Practice effects in a longitudinal, multi-center Alzheimer's disease prevention clinical trial. Trials. 2012 Nov 20;13:217. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-217.
Results Reference
derived
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S0000 Selenium and Vitamin E in Preventing Prostate Cancer
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