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Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for M. Tuberculosis Infection (PREVENT TB)

Primary Purpose

Tuberculosis

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
International
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
RPT + INH once weekly for 3 months given by DOT
Isoniazid (INH) daily for 9 months
Sponsored by
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Tuberculosis focused on measuring Latent TB infection

Eligibility Criteria

2 Years - undefined (Child, Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

INCLUSION criteria: Males or nonpregnant, non-nursing females > 2 years old. Tuberculin (PPD) skin test reactors at high risk for developing TB but without evidence of active TB. High-risk reactors are defined as: Household and other close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB who are TST-positive as part of a contact investigation conducted within two years of the date of enrollment. Close contact is defined as > 4 hours in a shared airspace during a one-week period. Among close contacts, a positive TST is defined as > 5 mm induration after 5 TU of PPD placed intradermally using the Mantoux technique. TST converters--converting from a documented negative to positive TST within a two-year period. This is defined as persons with a tuberculin skin test of > 10 mm within two years of a nonreactive test or persons with an increase of > 10 mm within a two-year period. HIV-seropositive, TST positive (> 5 mm induration) persons. Persons with > 2 cm2 of pulmonary parenchymal fibrosis on chest X-ray, no prior history of TB treatment, > 5 mm induration on TST, and 3 sputum cultures negative for M. tuberculosis on final report. HIV-seropositive close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB, regardless of TST status. In addition, HIV-seropositive close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB who have a documented history of completing an adequate course of treatment for active TB or latent TB infection, are also eligible. Willing to provide signed informed consent, or parental consent and participant assent. EXCLUSION criteria: Current confirmed culture-positive or clinical TB Suspected TB (as defined by the site investigator) Tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid or rifampin in the source case A history of treatment for > 14 consecutive days with a rifamycin or > 30 consecutive days with INH during the previous 2 years. A documented history of a completing an adequate course of treatment for active TB or latent TB infection in a person who is HIV-seronegative. History of sensitivity/intolerance to isoniazid or rifamycins Serum aminotransferase aspartate (AST, SGOT) > 5x upper limit of normal among persons in whom AST is determined Pregnant or nursing females Persons currently receiving or planning to receive HIV-1 protease inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the first 90 days after enrollment. Weight < 10.0 kg

Sites / Locations

  • Central Arkansas Veterans Health System
  • LA County/USC Medical Center
  • UCSD Medical Center
  • University of California, San Francisco
  • Denver Department of Public Health and Hospitals
  • Washington, D.C. VAMC
  • Emory University, Department of Medicine
  • Chicago VA Medical Center (Lakeside)
  • Hines VA Medical Center
  • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
  • Boston Medical Center
  • New Jersey Medical School
  • Columbia University/Presbyterian Medical Center
  • Harlem Hospital Center
  • Carolinas Medical Center
  • Duke University Medical Center
  • Vanderbilt University Medical Center
  • University of North Texas Health Science Center
  • Michael Debakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center
  • Audi L. Murphy VA Hospital
  • Seattle King County Health Department
  • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
  • University of British Columbia
  • University of Manitoba
  • Montreal Chest Institute McGill University
  • Agencia de Salut Publica

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Active Comparator

Experimental

Arm Label

Daily Isoniazid

Weekly Isoniazid / Rifapentine

Arm Description

Isoniazid (INH) daily for 9 months (240 to 270 total doses).

Isoniazid / Rifapentine (RPT/INH) weekly for 3 months (11 to 12 total doses) given by Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease in Participants Less Than [<]18 Years of Age at 33 Months After Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB]) and those <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, computed tomography [CT] scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for acid-fast bacilli [AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th Day of the Trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants with (w/)33 months of follow-up calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease in Participants <18 Years of Age at 24 Months Following Completion of Study Therapy
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) and those <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 24 months after completion of study therapy per 100 participants with up to 33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease (Regardless of Age) At 33 Months After Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants (regardless of age) with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB]) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB, or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th Day of the Trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Percentage of Participants With Drug Discontinuation Due to Adverse Drug Reactions Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Discontinuation of study drug due to an adverse drug reaction associated with either 3RPT/INH or 9INH was defined as discontinuing treatment and/or study due to a treatment-related adverse event (AE) (considered either possibly, probably, or definitely related to the study drug by the investigator).
Percentage of Patients With Grade 3 or 4 Drug Toxicities Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Drug toxicities (or AEs) were graded using Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC version 2.0, Publish Date April 30, 1999, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program). Grade 3 and 4 drug toxicities associated with 3RPT/INH or 9INH were defined as treatment-related Grade 3 or 4 AEs (considered either possibly, probably, or definitely related to the study drug by the investigator).
Percentage of Participants With Death Due to Any Cause
Percentage of Participants With Methadone Withdrawal Associated With 3RPT/INH and 9INH Among Participants Receiving Concomitant Methadone
Among participants concomitantly receiving methadone, the development of methadone withdrawal (defined as having >3 new symptoms for >7 days: nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, body aches, restlessness, irritability, dilated pupils, tremors, involuntary twitching, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, sneezing, yawning, excessive perspiration, goose flesh, or diarrhea).
Percentage of Participants With Drug Discontinuation for Any Reason Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Drug discontinuations for any reason associated with 3RPT/INH or 9INH included all reasons for discontinuation from study treatment, regardless of relationship to treatment.
Percentage of Participants Who Completed the Treatment Regimen
Completion in the 3RPT/INH arm was defined as: received 12 doses of RPT/INH within 16 weeks (12 weeks optimal). However, participants were considered to have completed therapy if at least 11 doses of RPT/INH had been received (~90%) during the 16-week time period. Completion in the 9INH arm was defined as: received 270 doses of INH within 52 weeks (39 weeks optimal). However, participants were considered to have completed therapy if at least 240 doses of INH were received (~90%) during the 52-week period.
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Among Participants <18 Years of Age Who Completed Study Phase Therapy Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) and <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 33 months after enrollment (for those who completed therapy within 33 months) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Percentage of Participants With Resistance to Study Medications in Isolates of MTB From Participants Who Developed Active TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Drug-susceptibility testing (DST) was performed on isolates of MTB obtained from participants who developed signs and symptoms of active TB disease (including sputum specimens or specimens from appropriate body site for extrapulmonary TB disease). DST was performed at site's local laboratory and sent to Sponsor for confirmatory susceptibility testing. DST included all drugs currently used to treat TB disease, including pyrazinamide (PZA) and fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility was tested for other drugs at the Sponsor laboratory at the following concentrations: INH, 0.02, 1.0, and 5.0 micrograms per milliliter (µg/mL) and rifampin (RIF), 1.0 µg/mL. Isolates resistant to RIF were assumed to be resistant to RPT.
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed or Probable TB Disease in HIV-Infected Participants Within 33 Months After Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of HIV-infected participants ≥2 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Cumulative Rate of HIV-Infected Participants With Culture-Confirmed or Probable TB Disease at 24 Months After Completion of Study Therapy
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of HIV-infected participants with culture-confirmed TB (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 24 months after completion of study therapy per 100 participants with up to 33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Cumulative Rate of Participants <18 Years Old With Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants <18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Cumulative Rate of Participants <12 Years Old With Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants <12 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).

Full Information

First Posted
September 6, 2001
Last Updated
March 15, 2018
Sponsor
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Collaborators
VA Office of Research and Development
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00023452
Brief Title
Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for M. Tuberculosis Infection
Acronym
PREVENT TB
Official Title
TBTC Study 26: Effectiveness and Tolerability of Weekly Rifapentine/Isoniazid for 3 Months Versus Daily Isoniazid for 9 Months for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
July 2015
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
June 2001 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
October 2010 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
September 2013 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Collaborators
VA Office of Research and Development

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Open-label, multi-center, Phase III clinical trial to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of a three-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3RPT/INH) to the effectiveness of a nine-month (270-dose)regimen of daily isoniazid (9INH) to prevent tuberculosis (TB) among high-risk tuberculin skin-test reactors, including children and HIV-infected persons, who require treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI).
Detailed Description
The PRIMARY objective of this open-label Phase III clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of a three-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3RPT/INH) to the effectiveness of a nine-month (270-dose) regimen of daily isoniazid (9INH) to prevent tuberculosis (TB) among high-risk tuberculin skin-test reactors, including children and HIV-infected persons, who require treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI). The 3RPT/INH regimen will be given under direct observation and the 9INH regimen will be self-administered. SECONDARY Objectives: Compare the rates of drug discontinuation due to adverse drug reactions associated with 3RPT/INH and 9INH. Compare the rates of drug discontinuation for any reason associated with 3RPT/INH and 9INH. Compare the rates of any grade 3, 4, or 5 drug toxicity associated with 3RPT/INH and 9INH. Compare treatment completion rates of 3RPT/INH and 9INH. Compare the efficacy (i.e., among persons who complete study-phase therapy) of 3RPT/INH and 9INH. Compare the effectiveness and tolerability of 3RPT/INH and 9INH in HIV-infected persons. Compare the effectiveness and tolerability of 3RPT/INH and 9INH in children < 18 years old. Compare the rates of methadone withdrawal associated with 3RPT/INH and 9INH among persons concomitantly receiving methadone. Describe patterns of antibiotic resistance among M. tuberculosis isolates in patients who develop TB despite treatment of latent infection. Amendment of the study protocol to allow extension of enrollment to children < 12 years old and HIV-infected persons: For assessment of the primary outcome, development of TB, a sample size of approximately 4,000 persons per arm will be required. To assess tolerability (one of the secondary outcomes) in sub-groups, children less than 12 years old and HIV-infected persons, a sample size of 644 per strata will be required. A sample size of 8,053 patients for the primary outcome was reached on February 15, 2008 (with expected follow-up completion time in 2010), leaving approximately 454 additional young children and 200 HIV-infected persons to be enrolled to achieve the targets of 644 for each group. The additional data on tolerability in those sub-groups will available for analysis in 2013.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Tuberculosis
Keywords
Latent TB infection

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Phase 3
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
8053 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Daily Isoniazid
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Isoniazid (INH) daily for 9 months (240 to 270 total doses).
Arm Title
Weekly Isoniazid / Rifapentine
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Isoniazid / Rifapentine (RPT/INH) weekly for 3 months (11 to 12 total doses) given by Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
RPT + INH once weekly for 3 months given by DOT
Other Intervention Name(s)
INH, isoniazid, I, Rifapentine, RPT, P, Priftin, 3HP, 3INH/RPT
Intervention Description
Rifapentine (RPT) 900 mg once-weekly x 12 doses (3 months) for persons > 50.0 kg. For persons < 50.0 kg, the following doses will be given (Weight/Dose): 10.0-14.0 kg / 300 mg; 14.1-25.0 kg / 450 mg; 25.1-32.0 kg / 600 mg; 32.1-50.0 kg / 750 mg. PLUS Isoniazid (INH) 15 mg/kg (rounded up to nearest 50 or 100 mg; 900 mg max) once weekly x 12 doses if > 12 years old. INH 25 mg/kg (round up to nearest 50 or 100 mg; 900 mg max) if 2-11 years old. Therapy will be given by Directly Observed Therapy (DOT).
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Isoniazid (INH) daily for 9 months
Other Intervention Name(s)
Isoniazid, INH, I, 9INH
Intervention Description
Isoniazid (INH) 5 mg/kg (rounded up to nearest 50 or 100 mg; 300 mg max) daily x 270 doses (9 months) For children age 2 - 11, INH 10-15 mg/kg (round up to nearest 50 or 100 mg; 300 mg max) will be given.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease in Participants Less Than [<]18 Years of Age at 33 Months After Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB]) and those <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, computed tomography [CT] scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for acid-fast bacilli [AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th Day of the Trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants with (w/)33 months of follow-up calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 33
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease in Participants <18 Years of Age at 24 Months Following Completion of Study Therapy
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) and those <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 24 months after completion of study therapy per 100 participants with up to 33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 27 (3RPT/INH) or Month 33 (9INH)
Title
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease (Regardless of Age) At 33 Months After Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants (regardless of age) with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB]) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB, or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th Day of the Trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to 33 Months
Title
Percentage of Participants With Drug Discontinuation Due to Adverse Drug Reactions Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Description
Discontinuation of study drug due to an adverse drug reaction associated with either 3RPT/INH or 9INH was defined as discontinuing treatment and/or study due to a treatment-related adverse event (AE) (considered either possibly, probably, or definitely related to the study drug by the investigator).
Time Frame
Baseline up to 60 days after the last dose of study drug (Month 5 [3RPT/INH] or Month 11 [9INH])
Title
Percentage of Patients With Grade 3 or 4 Drug Toxicities Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Description
Drug toxicities (or AEs) were graded using Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC version 2.0, Publish Date April 30, 1999, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program). Grade 3 and 4 drug toxicities associated with 3RPT/INH or 9INH were defined as treatment-related Grade 3 or 4 AEs (considered either possibly, probably, or definitely related to the study drug by the investigator).
Time Frame
Baseline up to 60 days after the last dose of study drug (Month 5 [3RPT/INH] or Month 11 [9INH])
Title
Percentage of Participants With Death Due to Any Cause
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 35
Title
Percentage of Participants With Methadone Withdrawal Associated With 3RPT/INH and 9INH Among Participants Receiving Concomitant Methadone
Description
Among participants concomitantly receiving methadone, the development of methadone withdrawal (defined as having >3 new symptoms for >7 days: nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, body aches, restlessness, irritability, dilated pupils, tremors, involuntary twitching, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, sneezing, yawning, excessive perspiration, goose flesh, or diarrhea).
Time Frame
Baseline to Month 33
Title
Percentage of Participants With Drug Discontinuation for Any Reason Associated With 3RPT/INH or 9INH
Description
Drug discontinuations for any reason associated with 3RPT/INH or 9INH included all reasons for discontinuation from study treatment, regardless of relationship to treatment.
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 3 (3RPT/INH) or Month 9 (9INH)
Title
Percentage of Participants Who Completed the Treatment Regimen
Description
Completion in the 3RPT/INH arm was defined as: received 12 doses of RPT/INH within 16 weeks (12 weeks optimal). However, participants were considered to have completed therapy if at least 11 doses of RPT/INH had been received (~90%) during the 16-week time period. Completion in the 9INH arm was defined as: received 270 doses of INH within 52 weeks (39 weeks optimal). However, participants were considered to have completed therapy if at least 240 doses of INH were received (~90%) during the 52-week period.
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 3 (3RPT/INH) or Month 9 (9INH)
Title
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed TB Disease in Participants ≥18 Years of Age AND Culture Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Among Participants <18 Years of Age Who Completed Study Phase Therapy Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants ≥18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) and <18 years old with probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 33 months after enrollment (for those who completed therapy within 33 months) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 33
Title
Percentage of Participants With Resistance to Study Medications in Isolates of MTB From Participants Who Developed Active TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Description
Drug-susceptibility testing (DST) was performed on isolates of MTB obtained from participants who developed signs and symptoms of active TB disease (including sputum specimens or specimens from appropriate body site for extrapulmonary TB disease). DST was performed at site's local laboratory and sent to Sponsor for confirmatory susceptibility testing. DST included all drugs currently used to treat TB disease, including pyrazinamide (PZA) and fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility was tested for other drugs at the Sponsor laboratory at the following concentrations: INH, 0.02, 1.0, and 5.0 micrograms per milliliter (µg/mL) and rifampin (RIF), 1.0 µg/mL. Isolates resistant to RIF were assumed to be resistant to RPT.
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 33
Title
Cumulative Rate of Culture-Confirmed or Probable TB Disease in HIV-Infected Participants Within 33 Months After Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of HIV-infected participants ≥2 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline to Month 33
Title
Cumulative Rate of HIV-Infected Participants With Culture-Confirmed or Probable TB Disease at 24 Months After Completion of Study Therapy
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of HIV-infected participants with culture-confirmed TB (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and 24 months after completion of study therapy per 100 participants with up to 33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 27 (3RPT/INH) or Month 33 (9INH)
Title
Cumulative Rate of Participants <18 Years Old With Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants <18 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 33
Title
Cumulative Rate of Participants <12 Years Old With Culture-Confirmed or Probable (Clinical) TB Disease Within 33 Months of Enrollment
Description
Cumulative TB disease rate was defined as number of participants <12 years old with culture-confirmed TB disease (defined as positive culture for MTB) or probable (clinical) TB disease (defined as objective evidence of clinical TB disease [cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis] based on history or physical exam plus radiograph, CT scan, other diagnostic tests PLUS response to antituberculosis therapy AND objective improvement of radiograph or other diagnostic tests; OR evidence of granuloma with organism positive for AFB], or caseating granulomata at autopsy or biopsy) between enrollment and the 990th day of the trial (33 months after enrollment, or end of the trial) per 100 participants w/33 months of follow-up and was calculated using survival analysis methods (Kaplan-Meier approach).
Time Frame
Baseline up to Month 33

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
2 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
INCLUSION criteria: Males or nonpregnant, non-nursing females > 2 years old. Tuberculin (PPD) skin test reactors at high risk for developing TB but without evidence of active TB. High-risk reactors are defined as: Household and other close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB who are TST-positive as part of a contact investigation conducted within two years of the date of enrollment. Close contact is defined as > 4 hours in a shared airspace during a one-week period. Among close contacts, a positive TST is defined as > 5 mm induration after 5 TU of PPD placed intradermally using the Mantoux technique. TST converters--converting from a documented negative to positive TST within a two-year period. This is defined as persons with a tuberculin skin test of > 10 mm within two years of a nonreactive test or persons with an increase of > 10 mm within a two-year period. HIV-seropositive, TST positive (> 5 mm induration) persons. Persons with > 2 cm2 of pulmonary parenchymal fibrosis on chest X-ray, no prior history of TB treatment, > 5 mm induration on TST, and 3 sputum cultures negative for M. tuberculosis on final report. HIV-seropositive close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB, regardless of TST status. In addition, HIV-seropositive close contacts of persons with culture-confirmed TB who have a documented history of completing an adequate course of treatment for active TB or latent TB infection, are also eligible. Willing to provide signed informed consent, or parental consent and participant assent. EXCLUSION criteria: Current confirmed culture-positive or clinical TB Suspected TB (as defined by the site investigator) Tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid or rifampin in the source case A history of treatment for > 14 consecutive days with a rifamycin or > 30 consecutive days with INH during the previous 2 years. A documented history of a completing an adequate course of treatment for active TB or latent TB infection in a person who is HIV-seronegative. History of sensitivity/intolerance to isoniazid or rifamycins Serum aminotransferase aspartate (AST, SGOT) > 5x upper limit of normal among persons in whom AST is determined Pregnant or nursing females Persons currently receiving or planning to receive HIV-1 protease inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the first 90 days after enrollment. Weight < 10.0 kg
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Elsa M Villarino, MD, MPH
Organizational Affiliation
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Official's Role
Study Director
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Timothy Sterling, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Official's Role
Study Chair
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Central Arkansas Veterans Health System
City
Little Rock
State/Province
Arkansas
ZIP/Postal Code
72205
Country
United States
Facility Name
LA County/USC Medical Center
City
Los Angeles
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
90033
Country
United States
Facility Name
UCSD Medical Center
City
San Diego
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
92103
Country
United States
Facility Name
University of California, San Francisco
City
San Francisco
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
94110
Country
United States
Facility Name
Denver Department of Public Health and Hospitals
City
Denver
State/Province
Colorado
ZIP/Postal Code
80204
Country
United States
Facility Name
Washington, D.C. VAMC
City
Washington
State/Province
District of Columbia
ZIP/Postal Code
20422
Country
United States
Facility Name
Emory University, Department of Medicine
City
Atlanta
State/Province
Georgia
ZIP/Postal Code
30303
Country
United States
Facility Name
Chicago VA Medical Center (Lakeside)
City
Chicago
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60611
Country
United States
Facility Name
Hines VA Medical Center
City
Hines
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60141
Country
United States
Facility Name
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
City
Baltimore
State/Province
Maryland
ZIP/Postal Code
21287-0003
Country
United States
Facility Name
Boston Medical Center
City
Boston
State/Province
Massachusetts
ZIP/Postal Code
02118
Country
United States
Facility Name
New Jersey Medical School
City
Newark
State/Province
New Jersey
ZIP/Postal Code
07107-3001
Country
United States
Facility Name
Columbia University/Presbyterian Medical Center
City
New York
State/Province
New York
ZIP/Postal Code
10032
Country
United States
Facility Name
Harlem Hospital Center
City
New York
State/Province
New York
ZIP/Postal Code
10037
Country
United States
Facility Name
Carolinas Medical Center
City
Charlotte
State/Province
North Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
28203
Country
United States
Facility Name
Duke University Medical Center
City
Durham
State/Province
North Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
34222
Country
United States
Facility Name
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
City
Nashville
State/Province
Tennessee
ZIP/Postal Code
37232
Country
United States
Facility Name
University of North Texas Health Science Center
City
Fort Worth
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
76107-2699
Country
United States
Facility Name
Michael Debakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center
City
Houston
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
77009
Country
United States
Facility Name
Audi L. Murphy VA Hospital
City
San Antonio
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
78284
Country
United States
Facility Name
Seattle King County Health Department
City
Seattle
State/Province
Washington
ZIP/Postal Code
98104
Country
United States
Facility Name
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
City
Rio de Janeiro
ZIP/Postal Code
cep: 21941.590
Country
Brazil
Facility Name
University of British Columbia
City
Vancouver
State/Province
British Columbia
ZIP/Postal Code
Canada V5Z 4R4
Country
Canada
Facility Name
University of Manitoba
City
Winnipeg
State/Province
Manitoba
ZIP/Postal Code
CANADA R3A 1R8
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Montreal Chest Institute McGill University
City
Montreal
State/Province
Quebec
ZIP/Postal Code
H2X 2P4Pq Canada
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Agencia de Salut Publica
City
Barcelona
ZIP/Postal Code
08023
Country
Spain

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
22150035
Citation
Sterling TR, Villarino ME, Borisov AS, Shang N, Gordin F, Bliven-Sizemore E, Hackman J, Hamilton CD, Menzies D, Kerrigan A, Weis SE, Weiner M, Wing D, Conde MB, Bozeman L, Horsburgh CR Jr, Chaisson RE; TB Trials Consortium PREVENT TB Study Team. Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection. N Engl J Med. 2011 Dec 8;365(23):2155-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1104875.
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
31690107
Citation
Hedges KNC, Borisov AS, Saukkonen JJ, Scott NA, Hecker EJ, Bozeman L, Dukes Hamilton C, Kerrigan A, Bessler P, Moreno-Martinez A, Arevalo B, Goldberg SV. Nonparticipation reasons in a randomized international trial of a new latent tuberculosis infection regimen. Clin Trials. 2020 Feb;17(1):39-51. doi: 10.1177/1740774519885380. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
29393655
Citation
Moro RN, Scott NA, Vernon A, Tepper NK, Goldberg SV, Schwartzman K, Leung CC, Schluger NW, Belknap RW, Chaisson RE, Narita M, Machado ES, Lopez M, Sanchez J, Villarino ME, Sterling TR. Exposure to Latent Tuberculosis Treatment during Pregnancy. The PREVENT TB and the iAdhere Trials. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018 May;15(5):570-580. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201704-326OC.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
28087928
Citation
Moro RN, Sterling TR, Saukkonen J, Vernon A, Horsburgh CR, Chaisson RE, Hamilton CD, Villarino ME, Goldberg S. Factors associated with non-completion of follow-up: 33-month latent tuberculous infection treatment trial. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017 Mar 1;21(3):286-296. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0469. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
27243774
Citation
Sterling TR, Scott NA, Miro JM, Calvet G, La Rosa A, Infante R, Chen MP, Benator DA, Gordin F, Benson CA, Chaisson RE, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium, the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial (TBTC Study 26ACTG 5259) The investigators of the TB Trials Consortium and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial are listed in the Supplement, item 17. Three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-coinfected persons. AIDS. 2016 Jun 19;30(10):1607-15. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001098.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
26951571
Citation
Moro RN, Borisov AS, Saukkonen J, Khan A, Sterling TR, Villarino ME, Scott NA, Shang N, Kerrigan A, Goldberg SV. Factors Associated With Noncompletion of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment: Experience From the PREVENT TB Trial in the United States and Canada. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Jun 1;62(11):1390-1400. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw126. Epub 2016 Mar 6.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
25904367
Citation
Sterling TR, Moro RN, Borisov AS, Phillips E, Shepherd G, Adkinson NF, Weis S, Ho C, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Flu-like and Other Systemic Drug Reactions Among Persons Receiving Weekly Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid or Daily Isoniazid for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the PREVENT Tuberculosis Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Aug 15;61(4):527-35. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ323. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
25580725
Citation
Villarino ME, Scott NA, Weis SE, Weiner M, Conde MB, Jones B, Nachman S, Oliveira R, Moro RN, Shang N, Goldberg SV, Sterling TR; International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescents AIDS Clinical Trials Group; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Treatment for preventing tuberculosis in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial of a 3-month, 12-dose regimen of a combination of rifapentine and isoniazid. JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Mar;169(3):247-55. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3158. Erratum In: JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Sep;169(9):878.
Results Reference
derived
Links:
URL
http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/research/tbtc/default.htm
Description
(Click here for more information about the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium(TBTC)

Learn more about this trial

Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for M. Tuberculosis Infection

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