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Vaccine Therapy and Radiation to Liver Metastasis in Patients With CEA-Positive Solid Tumors

Primary Purpose

Liver Neoplasms

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 1
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
rV-CEA(6D)/TRICOM-rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM
rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM
Recombinant Fowlpox-GM-CSF
Celecoxib
Sponsored by
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
About
Eligibility
Locations
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Liver Neoplasms focused on measuring Colon Cancer, Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cytokines, Immunotherapy, Cancer, Solid Tumor, Liver Metastasis

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

INCLUSION CRITERIA Solid Tumors expressing CEA positive cancer with radiographically visible metastatic liver lesions. Tumor that has been shown to express CEA by positive immunohistochemical techniques (staining of at least 20% of cells will be considered positive) or have had an elevated serum CEA greater than 5 ng/ml at any point during their disease course. Completed at least one chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease. 18 years of age or greater. Life expectancy greater than or equal to 6 months. Able to understand and give informed consent. ECOG performance status of 0 - 1. Serum creatinine within the institution limits of normal OR creatinine clearance on a 24 hour urine collection of greater than or equal to 60 mL/min, AST less than or equal to twice the institution upper limits of normal. Total bilirubin less than the upper level of normal for that particular institution and if patient has Gilbert's syndrome, is bilirubin less than or equal to 3.0. Vaccinia-naive or vaccinia immune. Recovered completely from any reversible toxicity associated with recent therapy. Typically this is 3-4 weeks for patients who most recently received cytotoxic therapy except for the nitrosoureas and mitomycin C for which 6 weeks is needed for recovery. At least 4 weeks after cytotoxic therapy with complete recovery of reversible toxicity. Hematological eligibility parameters (within 16 days of starting therapy): Granulocyte count greater than or equal to1,500/mm(3). Platelet count greater than or equal to 100,000/mm(3). Hgb greater than or equal to 8 Gm/dL. Absolute lymphocyte count greater than or equal to 400/mm(3). PT/PTT within the institution limits of normal. Prior Immunotherapy will be allowed Serum Beta-HCG less than 5.0 microIU/mL in females (with child bearing potential). EXCLUSION CRITERIA Patients should have no evidence of being immunocompromised as listed below. Human immunodeficiency virus positivity due to the potential for decreased tolerance and may be at risk for severe side effects Autoimmune diseases such as, Addison's disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or systemic lupus erythematous, Sjogren syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture syndrome active Grave's disease. Altered immune function in prospective participants will be assessed through a thorough history and physical examination. Any clinical suspicion of autoimmune dysfunction will be worked up before enrollment on to the study. This requirement is due to the potential risks of exacerbating autoimmunity Hepatitis B or C positivity Prior radiation to greater than 50% of all nodal groups Prior whole liver radiation Concurrent use of systemic steroids, except for physiologic doses for systemic steroid replacement or local (topical, nasal, or inhaled) steroid use. Steroid eye drops are contraindicated for at least 2 weeks prior vaccinia vaccination and at least 4 weeks post vaccinia vaccination. Prior splenectomy History of allergy or untoward reaction to prior vaccination with vaccinia virus or to any component of the vaccinia vaccine regimen. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. Recombinant vaccinia vaccination should not be administered if any of the following apply to either recipients, or for at least three weeks after vaccination (i.e., until the scab has separated from the skin and the underlying skin has healed), their close household contacts (close household contacts are those who share housing or have close physical contact): persons with active or a history of eczema or other eczematoid skin disorders; those with other acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne, or other open rashes or wounds) until condition resolves; pregnant or nursing women; children 5 years of age and under; and immunodeficient or immunosuppressed persons (by disease or therapy), including HIV infection. Serious intercurrent medical illness which would interfere with the ability of the patient to carry out the treatment program, including, but not limited to, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or active diverticulitis. Known brain metastasis, history of seizures, encephalitis, or multiple sclerosis. Concurrent chemotherapy. Serious hypersensitivity reaction to egg products. Clinically significant cardiomyopathy requiring treatment. Patients with cardiac disease that have fatigue, palpitation, dyspnea or angina with ordinary physical activity (New York Heart Association class 2 or greater) are not eligible. Patients with pulmonary disease that have fatigue or dyspnea with ordinary physical activity are not eligible. Patients who have objective evidence of congestive heart failure by physical exam or imaging are not eligible. Chronic liver disease including end stage cirrhosis, or chronic active hepatitis as indicated by surface antigen or core antibody.

Sites / Locations

  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
April 22, 2004
Last Updated
June 30, 2017
Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00081848
Brief Title
Vaccine Therapy and Radiation to Liver Metastasis in Patients With CEA-Positive Solid Tumors
Official Title
A Pilot Trial of a CEA-TRICOM Based Vaccine and Radiation to Liver Metastasis in Adults With CEA Positive Solid Tumors
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
January 25, 2012
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
April 20, 2004 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
August 23, 2007 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
August 23, 2007 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Name of the Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

4. Oversight

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This study will evaluate the safety and effects of vaccine treatment plus radiation to the liver in patients with solid tumors that have spread to the liver. The vaccine treatment consists of three parts: 1) a "priming vaccine" called rV-CEA(6D)-TRICOM, made from vaccinia virus; 2) a "boosting vaccine" called rF-CEA(6D)-TRICOM), made from fowlpox virus; and 3) a fowlpox virus injected with DNA for GM-CSF, a chemical that boosts the immune system, called rF-GM-CSF. Human DNA is inserted into the priming and boosting vaccine viruses to cause production of proteins that enhance immune activity and also to produce carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) - a protein that is normally produced by the patient's tumor cells. The study also uses radiation, because laboratory and animal studies show that low doses of radiation to tumors that produce CEA make the tumor more sensitive to the effects of the vaccines. Patients 18 years of age and older who have a solid tumor that has spread to the liver may be eligible for this study. Candidates must have had at least one course of chemotherapy for metastatic disease and their tumor must produce CEA. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination; blood and urine tests, test of pathology slides from surgery to determine the presence of the CEA marker, imaging studies to assess the extent of tumor, and an electrocardiogram (and cardiologic evaluation, if clinically indicated). Participants receive the priming vaccination on study day 1. After 3 weeks and then again every 2 weeks for 2 months (study days 21, 35, 49 and 63), they receive a boosting vaccine. All vaccines are injected under the skin. With every vaccination they also receive an injection of rF-GM-CSF to increase the number of immune cells at the vaccination site. The day after each of the first four boosting vaccinations, patients undergo 4 consecutive days of radiation to the tumor in the liver (study days 22-25, 36-39, 50-53 and 64-67). Patients may continue treatment with monthly booster vaccinations (without further radiation therapy) as long as their cancer does not get worse and they do not develop serious treatment side effects. Patients are monitored for safety and treatment response with the following tests and procedures: Blood and urine tests and clinic visits every 2 to 4 weeks to monitor liver, kidney, and other organ function. Imaging studies to assess the tumor around study day 91 and every 2 months after that while on the study. Apheresis (a procedure for collecting immune cells called lymphocytes) - Apheresis is done before the first vaccination on study day 1 and again around study day 91. For this procedure, blood is collected through a needle in an arm vein. The blood circulates through a machine that separates it into its components by spinning, and the lymphocytes are extracted. The rest of the blood is returned to the patient through the same needle. The collected lymphocytes are studied to measure the immune response to treatment. Liver biopsy (optional) - This test is done once before starting radiation treatment and again around 3 to 7 days after completing the first dose of radiation. The biopsy provides information on the type of cancer, the level of CEA produced by the tumor, and the immune status of the tumor. For this procedure, the skin over the liver is numbed with an anesthetic, a needle is placed in the liver tumor, and a small sample of tumor is withdrawn through the needle. After treatment is completed, patients are monitored for up to 15 years, including yearly medical histories and physical examinations for 5 years following their last vaccination. Information beyond 5 years is collected once a year by telephone
Detailed Description
Background: A phase I clinical trial with this same vaccine alone was associated with stable disease (at least 4 months) in 40% of patients and 1 pathologic complete response. Radiation therapy upregulates Fas on tumor cells allowing for easier killing by antigen specific activated T cells. Dominant negative fas transfected tumor cells demonstrated the anti-tumor effects were fas mediated. Radiation has been shown to up-regulate ICAM, tumor associated antigens and MHC class I on human tumor cell lines in vitro. TRICOM vaccines act synergistically with radiation in tumor treatment models. Radiation therapy at the doses we propose appears to have a favorable safety profile. Clinical trials using PSA vaccine shows that local radiation of tumor does not inhibit vaccine efficacy. Objectives: 1: Safety of the combination of a CEA based vaccine and radiation 2: clinical response 2: Immunohistochemistry - (FAS, MHC, p53 and CEA on tumor before and after radiation therapy) 2: Immunological response (ELISPOT assay). Eligibility: Solid Tumors expressing CEA positive cancer with radiographically visible metastatic liver lesions. Completed at least one chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease. Life expectancy greater than or equal to 6 months Adequate organ function ECOG 0-1 No autoimmunity No serum positivity for HIV, Hepatitis B or C viruses Design: Single cohort pilot study of vaccine and radiation therapy to liver lesions in 10 evaluable patients. All vaccines and radiation are given at the NIH Clinical Center. Vaccine: rV-CEA(6D)/TRICOM, (1.2 x 10(8)) PFU subcutaneously (s.c.) day 1 rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM, (4 x 10(8)) PFU s.c., days 21, 35, 49, and 63 All vaccinations will be given with rF-GM-CSF, 1 x 10(7) pfu s.c. -Radiation: 2 Gy/d for 4 days after each dose of rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM on days 22-25, 36-39, 50-53, and 64-67 (total planned radiation dose per patient is 32 Gy).

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Liver Neoplasms
Keywords
Colon Cancer, Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cytokines, Immunotherapy, Cancer, Solid Tumor, Liver Metastasis

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 1
Enrollment
12 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
rV-CEA(6D)/TRICOM-rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
rF-CEA(6D)/TRICOM
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Recombinant Fowlpox-GM-CSF
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Celecoxib

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
INCLUSION CRITERIA Solid Tumors expressing CEA positive cancer with radiographically visible metastatic liver lesions. Tumor that has been shown to express CEA by positive immunohistochemical techniques (staining of at least 20% of cells will be considered positive) or have had an elevated serum CEA greater than 5 ng/ml at any point during their disease course. Completed at least one chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease. 18 years of age or greater. Life expectancy greater than or equal to 6 months. Able to understand and give informed consent. ECOG performance status of 0 - 1. Serum creatinine within the institution limits of normal OR creatinine clearance on a 24 hour urine collection of greater than or equal to 60 mL/min, AST less than or equal to twice the institution upper limits of normal. Total bilirubin less than the upper level of normal for that particular institution and if patient has Gilbert's syndrome, is bilirubin less than or equal to 3.0. Vaccinia-naive or vaccinia immune. Recovered completely from any reversible toxicity associated with recent therapy. Typically this is 3-4 weeks for patients who most recently received cytotoxic therapy except for the nitrosoureas and mitomycin C for which 6 weeks is needed for recovery. At least 4 weeks after cytotoxic therapy with complete recovery of reversible toxicity. Hematological eligibility parameters (within 16 days of starting therapy): Granulocyte count greater than or equal to1,500/mm(3). Platelet count greater than or equal to 100,000/mm(3). Hgb greater than or equal to 8 Gm/dL. Absolute lymphocyte count greater than or equal to 400/mm(3). PT/PTT within the institution limits of normal. Prior Immunotherapy will be allowed Serum Beta-HCG less than 5.0 microIU/mL in females (with child bearing potential). EXCLUSION CRITERIA Patients should have no evidence of being immunocompromised as listed below. Human immunodeficiency virus positivity due to the potential for decreased tolerance and may be at risk for severe side effects Autoimmune diseases such as, Addison's disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or systemic lupus erythematous, Sjogren syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture syndrome active Grave's disease. Altered immune function in prospective participants will be assessed through a thorough history and physical examination. Any clinical suspicion of autoimmune dysfunction will be worked up before enrollment on to the study. This requirement is due to the potential risks of exacerbating autoimmunity Hepatitis B or C positivity Prior radiation to greater than 50% of all nodal groups Prior whole liver radiation Concurrent use of systemic steroids, except for physiologic doses for systemic steroid replacement or local (topical, nasal, or inhaled) steroid use. Steroid eye drops are contraindicated for at least 2 weeks prior vaccinia vaccination and at least 4 weeks post vaccinia vaccination. Prior splenectomy History of allergy or untoward reaction to prior vaccination with vaccinia virus or to any component of the vaccinia vaccine regimen. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. Recombinant vaccinia vaccination should not be administered if any of the following apply to either recipients, or for at least three weeks after vaccination (i.e., until the scab has separated from the skin and the underlying skin has healed), their close household contacts (close household contacts are those who share housing or have close physical contact): persons with active or a history of eczema or other eczematoid skin disorders; those with other acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne, or other open rashes or wounds) until condition resolves; pregnant or nursing women; children 5 years of age and under; and immunodeficient or immunosuppressed persons (by disease or therapy), including HIV infection. Serious intercurrent medical illness which would interfere with the ability of the patient to carry out the treatment program, including, but not limited to, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or active diverticulitis. Known brain metastasis, history of seizures, encephalitis, or multiple sclerosis. Concurrent chemotherapy. Serious hypersensitivity reaction to egg products. Clinically significant cardiomyopathy requiring treatment. Patients with cardiac disease that have fatigue, palpitation, dyspnea or angina with ordinary physical activity (New York Heart Association class 2 or greater) are not eligible. Patients with pulmonary disease that have fatigue or dyspnea with ordinary physical activity are not eligible. Patients who have objective evidence of congestive heart failure by physical exam or imaging are not eligible. Chronic liver disease including end stage cirrhosis, or chronic active hepatitis as indicated by surface antigen or core antibody.
Facility Information:
Facility Name
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
City
Bethesda
State/Province
Maryland
ZIP/Postal Code
20892
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
16796796
Citation
Ahlers CM, Camphausen K, Citrin D, Arlen PM, Gulley JL. A pilot trial of a carcinoembryonic antigen/ TRICOM-based vaccine and radiation to liver metastases in patients with carcinoembryonic antigen-positive solid tumors. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2006 May;6(1):72-5. doi: 10.3816/CCC.2006.n.025. No abstract available.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
19169958
Citation
Ferrara TA, Hodge JW, Gulley JL. Combining radiation and immunotherapy for synergistic antitumor therapy. Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2009 Feb;11(1):37-42.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
18777956
Citation
Hodge JW, Guha C, Neefjes J, Gulley JL. Synergizing radiation therapy and immunotherapy for curing incurable cancers. Opportunities and challenges. Oncology (Williston Park). 2008 Aug;22(9):1064-70; discussion 1075, 1080-1, 1084.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
22932804
Citation
Huang J, Jochems C, Talaie T, Anderson A, Jales A, Tsang KY, Madan RA, Gulley JL, Schlom J. Elevated serum soluble CD40 ligand in cancer patients may play an immunosuppressive role. Blood. 2012 Oct 11;120(15):3030-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-05-427799. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Results Reference
derived

Learn more about this trial

Vaccine Therapy and Radiation to Liver Metastasis in Patients With CEA-Positive Solid Tumors

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