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A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in Subjects With International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV Lupus Nephritis (LUNAR)

Primary Purpose

Lupus Nephritis

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Rituximab
Placebo
Mycophenolate mofetil
Methylprednisolone
Diphenhydramine
Acetaminophen
Prednisone
Sponsored by
Genentech, Inc.
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Lupus Nephritis focused on measuring Class IV LN, Lupus, LUNAR, LN

Eligibility Criteria

16 Years - 75 Years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to current American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Diagnosis of International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV lupus nephritis (LN), with either active or active/chronic disease. Proteinuria. 16-75 years of age. Exclusion Criteria: Retinitis, poorly controlled seizure disorder, acute confusional state, myelitis, stroke or stroke syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, or dementia that is currently active and resulting from SLE. Unstable subjects with thrombocytopenia experiencing or at high risk for developing clinically significant bleeding or organ dysfunction requiring therapies such as plasmapheresis or acute blood or platelet transfusions. Lack of peripheral venous access. Pregnancy or lactation. History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to monoclonal antibodies. Significant or uncontrolled medical disease in any organ system not related to SLE or LN, which, in the investigator's opinion, would preclude subject participation. Concomitant chronic conditions, excluding SLE (eg, asthma, Crohn's disease) that require oral or systemic corticosteroid use in the 52 weeks prior to screening. History of renal transplant. Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Known active infection of any kind (but excluding fungal infection of nail beds) or any major episode of infection requiring hospitalization or treatment with intravenous anti-infectives within 4 weeks of randomization or oral anti-infectives within 2 weeks of randomization. History of deep space infection within 1 year of screening. History of serious recurrent or chronic infection. History of cancer, including solid tumors, hematological malignancies, and carcinoma in situ (except basal cell carcinomas of the skin that have been treated or excised and have resolved). Currently active alcohol or drug abuse or history of alcohol or drug abuse within 52 weeks prior to screening. Major surgery requiring hospitalization within 4 weeks of screening (excluding diagnostic surgery). Treatment with cyclophosphamide or calcineurin inhibitors within the 90 days prior to screening. Use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) at a dose of > 2 grams daily for longer than the 90 days prior to screening. Intolerance or history of allergic reaction to MMF. Intolerance or history of allergic reaction to both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers. Use of oral prednisone (or corticosteroid equivalent) at a dose of > 20 mg/day for longer than the 14 days prior to screening. Previous treatment with CAMPATH-1H (alemtuzumab). Previous treatment with a B-cell targeted therapy. Treatment with any investigational agent (including biologic agents approved for other indications) within 28 days of the start of the screening period or 5 half-lives of the investigational drug (whichever is longer). Receipt of a live vaccine within the 28 days prior to screening. Intolerance or contraindication to oral or IV corticosteroids. Current therapy with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Positive hepatitis B sAg or hepatitis C serology.

Sites / Locations

    Arms of the Study

    Arm 1

    Arm 2

    Arm Type

    Experimental

    Placebo Comparator

    Arm Label

    Rituximab

    Placebo

    Arm Description

    Participants received rituximab 1000 mg intravenously (IV) on Days 1, 15, 168, and 182. They also received mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and prednisone; see the Detailed Description for details.

    Participants received placebo intravenously (IV) on Days 1, 15, 168, and 182. They also received mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and prednisone; see the Detailed Description for details.

    Outcomes

    Primary Outcome Measures

    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response (CRR), a Partial Renal Response (PRR), or no Renal Response (NRR) at Week 52
    A participant had a CRR if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine (SC) as evidenced by a SC level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a SC level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline SC was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field (RBCs/HPF) and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein (UP) to creatinine ratio (CR) < 0.5. A participant had a PRR if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) A SC level ≤ 15% above Baseline; (2) RBCs/HPF ≤ 50% above Baseline and no RBC casts; (3) 50% improvement in the UP to CR, with 1 of the following conditions met: If the Baseline UP to CR was ≤ 3.0, then a UP to CR of < 1.0 or if the Baseline UP to CR was > 3.0, then a UP to CR of ≤ 3.0. A participant had a NRR if they did not achieve either a CRR or PRR.

    Secondary Outcome Measures

    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response at Week 24 and Maintained it to Week 52
    A participant had a complete renal response if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine as evidenced by a serum creatinine level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a serum creatinine level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline serum creatinine was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein to creatinine ratio < 0.5.
    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response at Week 52
    A participant had a complete renal response if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine as evidenced by a serum creatinine level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a serum creatinine level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline serum creatinine was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein to creatinine ratio < 0.5.
    Percentage of Participants With a Baseline Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio of > 3.0 Who Achieved a Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio of < 1.0 at Week 52
    British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) Index Score Over 52 Weeks
    The BILAG Index assesses 86 clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory measures of systemic lupus erythematosus in 8 organ system domains: General, mucocutaneous, neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, vasculitis, renal, and hematologic. Most of the 86 items are rated on the following scale: 0=Not present, 1=Improving, 2=Same, 3=Worse, 4=New. Some items are rated as either Yes or No. A single alphabetic score of A (very active) through E (not or never active) for each of the 8 domains is determined from the rating of the individual items in each domain. The total BILAG score is the sum of the scores of the 8 domains where A=9, B=3, C=1, D=0, and E=0. The total score ranges from 0 to 72 with a higher score indicating greater lupus activity. To calculate a BILAG score over the 52 week treatment period of the study, the area under the response-time curve of BILAG scores assessed every 4 weeks was divided by the number of days in the time curve minus the Baseline BILAG score.
    Time to Achieve a Complete Renal Response
    Change From Baseline in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Expanded Health Survey Physical Function Score at Week 52
    The systemic lupus erythematosus Expanded Health Survey is based on the Short Form 36 Health survey with additional questions specific to lupus. The physical function component score of the survey can range from 0-100. A higher score indicates better health. A positive change score indicates improvement.
    Change From Baseline in Anti-double-stranded DNA at Week 52
    Change From Baseline in C3 and C4 Complement Levels at Week 52

    Full Information

    First Posted
    January 24, 2006
    Last Updated
    January 6, 2015
    Sponsor
    Genentech, Inc.
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    1. Study Identification

    Unique Protocol Identification Number
    NCT00282347
    Brief Title
    A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in Subjects With International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV Lupus Nephritis
    Acronym
    LUNAR
    Official Title
    A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in Subjects With ISN/RPS Class III or IV Lupus Nephritis
    Study Type
    Interventional

    2. Study Status

    Record Verification Date
    January 2015
    Overall Recruitment Status
    Completed
    Study Start Date
    January 2006 (undefined)
    Primary Completion Date
    January 2009 (Actual)
    Study Completion Date
    January 2013 (Actual)

    3. Sponsor/Collaborators

    Responsible Party, by Official Title
    Sponsor
    Name of the Sponsor
    Genentech, Inc.

    4. Oversight

    Data Monitoring Committee
    No

    5. Study Description

    Brief Summary
    This was a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in combination with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) compared with placebo in combination with MMF in subjects diagnosed with International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV lupus nephritis.
    Detailed Description
    In addition to receiving study drug (rituximab or placebo), participants in each treatment group received mycophenolate mofetil at a starting dose of 1500 mg/day IV in 3 divided doses and were titrated up by 500 mg/week to 3000 mg/day by Week 4, as tolerated. Participants in each treatment group also received methylprednisolone 1000 mg IV prior to and 3 days following the first study drug infusion and methylprednisolone 100 mg IV prior to the other study drug infusions. Participants in each treatment group also received diphenhydramine 50 mg orally and acetaminophen 1000 mg orally 30-60 minutes prior to each study drug infusion. From Days 2 to 16, participants in each treatment group received prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/day orally (maximum dose of 60 mg) except on the day of the second methylprednisolone dose. On Day 16, a taper was initiated to achieve a dose of 10 mg/day by Week 16.

    6. Conditions and Keywords

    Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
    Lupus Nephritis
    Keywords
    Class IV LN, Lupus, LUNAR, LN

    7. Study Design

    Primary Purpose
    Treatment
    Study Phase
    Phase 3
    Interventional Study Model
    Parallel Assignment
    Masking
    ParticipantInvestigator
    Allocation
    Randomized
    Enrollment
    144 (Actual)

    8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

    Arm Title
    Rituximab
    Arm Type
    Experimental
    Arm Description
    Participants received rituximab 1000 mg intravenously (IV) on Days 1, 15, 168, and 182. They also received mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and prednisone; see the Detailed Description for details.
    Arm Title
    Placebo
    Arm Type
    Placebo Comparator
    Arm Description
    Participants received placebo intravenously (IV) on Days 1, 15, 168, and 182. They also received mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and prednisone; see the Detailed Description for details.
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Rituximab
    Other Intervention Name(s)
    Rituxan, MabThera, Zytux
    Intervention Description
    Rituximab was provided as a sterile solution for injection.
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Placebo
    Intervention Description
    Placebo was provided as a sterile solution for injection.
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Mycophenolate mofetil
    Other Intervention Name(s)
    CellCept
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Methylprednisolone
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Diphenhydramine
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Acetaminophen
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Prednisone
    Primary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response (CRR), a Partial Renal Response (PRR), or no Renal Response (NRR) at Week 52
    Description
    A participant had a CRR if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine (SC) as evidenced by a SC level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a SC level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline SC was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field (RBCs/HPF) and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein (UP) to creatinine ratio (CR) < 0.5. A participant had a PRR if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) A SC level ≤ 15% above Baseline; (2) RBCs/HPF ≤ 50% above Baseline and no RBC casts; (3) 50% improvement in the UP to CR, with 1 of the following conditions met: If the Baseline UP to CR was ≤ 3.0, then a UP to CR of < 1.0 or if the Baseline UP to CR was > 3.0, then a UP to CR of ≤ 3.0. A participant had a NRR if they did not achieve either a CRR or PRR.
    Time Frame
    Week 52
    Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response at Week 24 and Maintained it to Week 52
    Description
    A participant had a complete renal response if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine as evidenced by a serum creatinine level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a serum creatinine level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline serum creatinine was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein to creatinine ratio < 0.5.
    Time Frame
    Week 24 to Week 52
    Title
    Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Complete Renal Response at Week 52
    Description
    A participant had a complete renal response if they met the following 3 criteria: (1) Normalization of serum creatinine as evidenced by a serum creatinine level ≤ the upper limit of the normal range of central laboratory values or a serum creatinine level ≤ 15% greater than Baseline, if Baseline serum creatinine was within the normal range of the central laboratory values; (2) Inactive urinary sediment (as evidenced by < 5 red blood cells/high-power field and absence of red cell casts; (3) Urinary protein to creatinine ratio < 0.5.
    Time Frame
    Week 52
    Title
    Percentage of Participants With a Baseline Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio of > 3.0 Who Achieved a Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio of < 1.0 at Week 52
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52
    Title
    British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) Index Score Over 52 Weeks
    Description
    The BILAG Index assesses 86 clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory measures of systemic lupus erythematosus in 8 organ system domains: General, mucocutaneous, neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, vasculitis, renal, and hematologic. Most of the 86 items are rated on the following scale: 0=Not present, 1=Improving, 2=Same, 3=Worse, 4=New. Some items are rated as either Yes or No. A single alphabetic score of A (very active) through E (not or never active) for each of the 8 domains is determined from the rating of the individual items in each domain. The total BILAG score is the sum of the scores of the 8 domains where A=9, B=3, C=1, D=0, and E=0. The total score ranges from 0 to 72 with a higher score indicating greater lupus activity. To calculate a BILAG score over the 52 week treatment period of the study, the area under the response-time curve of BILAG scores assessed every 4 weeks was divided by the number of days in the time curve minus the Baseline BILAG score.
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52
    Title
    Time to Achieve a Complete Renal Response
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52
    Title
    Change From Baseline in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Expanded Health Survey Physical Function Score at Week 52
    Description
    The systemic lupus erythematosus Expanded Health Survey is based on the Short Form 36 Health survey with additional questions specific to lupus. The physical function component score of the survey can range from 0-100. A higher score indicates better health. A positive change score indicates improvement.
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52
    Title
    Change From Baseline in Anti-double-stranded DNA at Week 52
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52
    Title
    Change From Baseline in C3 and C4 Complement Levels at Week 52
    Time Frame
    Baseline to Week 52

    10. Eligibility

    Sex
    All
    Minimum Age & Unit of Time
    16 Years
    Maximum Age & Unit of Time
    75 Years
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers
    No
    Eligibility Criteria
    Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to current American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Diagnosis of International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV lupus nephritis (LN), with either active or active/chronic disease. Proteinuria. 16-75 years of age. Exclusion Criteria: Retinitis, poorly controlled seizure disorder, acute confusional state, myelitis, stroke or stroke syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, or dementia that is currently active and resulting from SLE. Unstable subjects with thrombocytopenia experiencing or at high risk for developing clinically significant bleeding or organ dysfunction requiring therapies such as plasmapheresis or acute blood or platelet transfusions. Lack of peripheral venous access. Pregnancy or lactation. History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to monoclonal antibodies. Significant or uncontrolled medical disease in any organ system not related to SLE or LN, which, in the investigator's opinion, would preclude subject participation. Concomitant chronic conditions, excluding SLE (eg, asthma, Crohn's disease) that require oral or systemic corticosteroid use in the 52 weeks prior to screening. History of renal transplant. Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Known active infection of any kind (but excluding fungal infection of nail beds) or any major episode of infection requiring hospitalization or treatment with intravenous anti-infectives within 4 weeks of randomization or oral anti-infectives within 2 weeks of randomization. History of deep space infection within 1 year of screening. History of serious recurrent or chronic infection. History of cancer, including solid tumors, hematological malignancies, and carcinoma in situ (except basal cell carcinomas of the skin that have been treated or excised and have resolved). Currently active alcohol or drug abuse or history of alcohol or drug abuse within 52 weeks prior to screening. Major surgery requiring hospitalization within 4 weeks of screening (excluding diagnostic surgery). Treatment with cyclophosphamide or calcineurin inhibitors within the 90 days prior to screening. Use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) at a dose of > 2 grams daily for longer than the 90 days prior to screening. Intolerance or history of allergic reaction to MMF. Intolerance or history of allergic reaction to both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers. Use of oral prednisone (or corticosteroid equivalent) at a dose of > 20 mg/day for longer than the 14 days prior to screening. Previous treatment with CAMPATH-1H (alemtuzumab). Previous treatment with a B-cell targeted therapy. Treatment with any investigational agent (including biologic agents approved for other indications) within 28 days of the start of the screening period or 5 half-lives of the investigational drug (whichever is longer). Receipt of a live vaccine within the 28 days prior to screening. Intolerance or contraindication to oral or IV corticosteroids. Current therapy with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Positive hepatitis B sAg or hepatitis C serology.
    Overall Study Officials:
    First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
    Paul Brunetta, MD
    Organizational Affiliation
    Genentech, Inc.
    Official's Role
    Study Director

    12. IPD Sharing Statement

    Citations:
    PubMed Identifier
    30089664
    Citation
    Gomez Mendez LM, Cascino MD, Garg J, Katsumoto TR, Brakeman P, Dall'Era M, Looney RJ, Rovin B, Dragone L, Brunetta P. Peripheral Blood B Cell Depletion after Rituximab and Complete Response in Lupus Nephritis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Oct 8;13(10):1502-1509. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01070118. Epub 2018 Aug 8. Erratum In: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Jan 7;14(1):111.
    Results Reference
    derived
    PubMed Identifier
    26867033
    Citation
    Wolf BJ, Spainhour JC, Arthur JM, Janech MG, Petri M, Oates JC. Development of Biomarker Models to Predict Outcomes in Lupus Nephritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Aug;68(8):1955-63. doi: 10.1002/art.39623.
    Results Reference
    derived
    PubMed Identifier
    22231479
    Citation
    Rovin BH, Furie R, Latinis K, Looney RJ, Fervenza FC, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Maciuca R, Zhang D, Garg JP, Brunetta P, Appel G; LUNAR Investigator Group. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: the Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab study. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Apr;64(4):1215-26. doi: 10.1002/art.34359. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
    Results Reference
    derived

    Learn more about this trial

    A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in Subjects With International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 Class III or IV Lupus Nephritis

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