Bortezomib and Dexamethasone With or Without Lenalidomide in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma Previously Treated With Dexamethasone
Stage I Multiple Myeloma, Stage II Multiple Myeloma, Stage III Multiple Myeloma
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Stage I Multiple Myeloma focused on measuring Consolidation therapy, First-line therapy, Proteasome inhibitor, Thalidomide analogue, Quality of life
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Symptomatic multiple myeloma, that was symptomatic at time of initial diagnosis, but may be asymptomatic at the time of registration based on induction therapy
- For the original diagnosis of myeloma, patients must have met the following criteria at one point in their disease course: bone marrow plasmacytosis (>10% plasma cells or sheets of plasma cells) or a biopsy proven plasmacytoma, and evidence of end-organ damage due to multiple myeloma including anemia, hypercalcemia, bone disease (lytic bone lesions or pathologic fractures) or renal dysfunction.
- Patients may have prior exposure to bortezomib
- Patients must have received a minimum of 1 cycle, maximum of 6 cycles, of a dexamethasone-based regimen; patient must not have experienced progressive disease on such therapy
- The following induction regimens were considered adequate for enrollment: dexamethasone alone; vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone; thalidomide and dexamethasone; lenalidomide and dexamethasone; liposomal doxorubicin and dexamethasone; the combination of any of the above agents and dexamethasone; or cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide and dexamethasone
- Patients must have received the minimum cumulative dose of dexamethasone of 160 mg (sum of induction treatment) with no maximum dose specified
- Patients must have been offered and refused front-line stem cell transplant OR not have been eligible for front-line stem cell transplant.
- Bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy must be obtained =< 28 days prior to randomization
All tests below must be performed =< 28 days prior to randomization:
- Kappa free light chain mg/dL
- Lambda free light chain mg/dL
- Serum M-protein by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP)
- Urine M-protein light chain excretion by urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP)
- Adequate laboratory levels within 7 days prior to randomization: hemoglobin > 7 g/dL, platelet count > 75,000 cells/mm^3, absolute neutrophil count > 1000 cells/mm^3, creatinine < 2.5 mg/dL, creatinine clearance (measured or calculated) >= 60 mL/min, direct bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) =< 2.5 times the upper limit of normal
- Patients may be receiving bisphosphonates or erythropoietin growth factors (erythropoietic agents) for multiple myeloma
- Prior palliative and/or localized radiation therapy is permitted, provided at least 14 days have passed from date of last radiation therapy to date of randomization
- Patients must be willing and able to take prophylaxis with either aspirin at 325 mg/day or alternative prophylaxis with either low molecular weight heparin or coumadin (patients with prior deep vein thrombosis [DVT] are eligible provided they remain on the anticoagulation regimen that was prescribed for treatment of the DVT throughout the protocol therapy)
- Patients must be competent to understand the study as explained in the consent form
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2
- Sexually active males must be willing to use a condom (even if they have undergone a prior vasectomy) while having intercourse with any woman, while taking lenalidomide, and for 4 weeks after stopping treatment
- Patients with a history of prior malignancy are eligible provided there is no active malignancy and a low expectation of recurrence within 6 months
- Age >=18 years
Exclusion Criteria:
- More than 8 weeks from the last day of last cycle of induction treatment
- Active, uncontrolled seizure disorder; seizures in the last 6 months
- Uncontrolled inter-current illness that would limit compliance with the study including uncontrolled hypertension, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, uncontrolled psychiatric illness or social situation, prior history of Stevens Johnson syndrome
- Grade 2 or higher peripheral neuropathy by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0
- Active, uncontrolled infection
- Smoldering myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
- Pregnant or nursing women were not eligible. Women of child-bearing potential unwilling to use a dual method of contraception and men who were unwilling to use a condom were not eligible
Sites / Locations
- Mayo Clinic in Arizona
- Northbay Cancer Center
- Kaiser Permanente
- Stanford University Hospitals and Clinics
- The Medical Center of Aurora
- Boulder Community Hospital
- Penrose-Saint Francis Healthcare
- Porter Adventist Hospital
- Exempla Saint Joseph Hospital
- Presbyterian - Saint Lukes Medical Center - Health One
- Rose Medical Center
- Colorado Cancer Research Program CCOP
- Swedish Medical Center
- Saint Mary's Hospital and Regional Medical Center
- North Colorado Medical Center
- Saint Anthony Hospital
- Sky Ridge Medical Center
- Longmont United Hospital
- McKee Medical Center
- Saint Mary Corwin Medical Center
- North Suburban Medical Center
- Exempla Lutheran Medical Center
- Beebe Medical Center
- Christiana Care Health System-Christiana Hospital
- Mayo Clinic in Florida
- John B Amos Cancer Center
- Harbin Clinic Medical Oncology and Clinical Research
- Saint Anthony's Health
- Saint Joseph Medical Center
- Graham Hospital Association
- Memorial Hospital
- Decatur Memorial Hospital
- Alexian Brothers Medical and Cancer Center
- Eureka Hospital
- Saint Francis Hospital
- Galesburg Cottage Hospital
- Illinois CancerCare Galesburg
- Western Illinois Cancer Treatment Center
- Mason District Hospital
- Hopedale Medical Complex - Hospital
- Joliet Oncology-Hematology Associates Limited
- Mcdonough District Hospital
- Garneau, Stewart C MD (UIA Investigator)
- Porubcin, Michael MD (UIA Investigator)
- Sharis, Christine M MD (UIA Investigator)
- Stoffel, Thomas J MD (UIA Investigator)
- Good Samaritan Regional Health Center
- Bromenn Regional Medical Center
- Community Cancer Center Foundation
- Illinois CancerCare-Ottawa Clinic
- Ottawa Regional Hospital and Healthcare Center
- Pekin Cancer Treatment Center
- Pekin Hospital
- Methodist Medical Center of Illinois
- Proctor Hospital
- Illinois Oncology Research Association CCOP
- OSF Saint Francis Medical Center
- Illinois Valley Hospital
- Valley Radiation Oncology
- Perry Memorial Hospital
- Saint Margaret's Hospital
- Memorial Medical Center
- Carle Clinic-Urbana Main
- Saint Francis Hospital and Health Centers
- Reid Hospital and Health Care Services
- McFarland Clinic PC-William R Bliss Cancer Center
- Constantinou, Costas L MD (UIA Investigator)
- Mercy Capitol
- Iowa Methodist Medical Center
- Iowa Oncology Research Association CCOP
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Associates-Des Moines
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Associates-Laurel
- Mercy Medical Center - Des Moines
- Iowa Lutheran Hospital
- Siouxland Hematology Oncology Associates
- Mercy Medical Center-Sioux City
- Saint Luke's Regional Medical Center
- Covenant Medical Center
- Lawrence Memorial Hospital
- Wesley Medical Center
- Doctors Carrol, Sheth, Raghavan
- Union Hospital of Cecil County
- Bixby Medical Center
- Hickman Cancer Center
- Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital
- Michigan Cancer Research Consortium Community Clinical Oncology Program
- Oakwood Hospital
- Saint John Hospital and Medical Center
- Green Bay Oncology - Escanaba
- Hurley Medical Center
- Genesys Regional Medical Center-West Flint Campus
- Green Bay Oncology - Iron Mountain
- Allegiance Health
- Sparrow Hospital
- Saint Mary Mercy Hospital
- Community Cancer Center of Monroe
- Mercy Memorial Hospital
- Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland
- Saint Joseph Mercy Port Huron
- Saint Mary's of Michigan
- Saint John Macomb-Oakland Hospital
- Sanford Clinic North-Bemidgi
- Fairview Ridges Hospital
- Mercy Hospital
- Essentia Health Duluth Clinic CCOP
- Essentia Health Saint Mary's Medical Center
- Miller-Dwan Hospital
- Fairview-Southdale Hospital
- Unity Hospital
- Hutchinson Area Health Care
- Meeker County Memorial Hospital
- Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Maplewood
- Saint John's Hospital - Healtheast
- Abbott-Northwestern Hospital
- Virginia Piper Cancer Institute
- Hennepin County Medical Center
- North Memorial Medical Health Center
- Mayo Clinic
- Metro-Minnesota CCOP
- Park Nicollet Clinic - Saint Louis Park
- Regions Hospital
- Saint Joseph's Hospital - Healtheast
- United Hospital
- Saint Francis Regional Medical Center
- Ridgeview Medical Center
- Minnesota Oncology and Hematology PA-Woodbury
- Woodwinds Health Campus
- Southeast Missouri Hospital
- Saint Francis Medical Center
- University of Missouri - Ellis Fischel
- Capital Regional Medical Center
- Saint Louis Cancer and Breast Institute-South City
- Missouri Baptist Medical Center
- Center for Cancer Care and Research
- Saint John's Mercy Medical Center
- Saint Louis-Cape Girardeau CCOP
- Ozark Health Ventures LLC dba Cancer Research for The Ozarks Springfield
- Mercy Hospital Springfield
- Montana Cancer Consortium CCOP
- Northern Rockies Radiation Oncology Center
- Saint Vincent Healthcare
- Hematology-Oncology Centers of the Northern Rockies PC
- Billings Clinic
- Bozeman Deaconess Cancer Center
- Bozeman Deaconess Hospital
- Saint James Community Hospital and Cancer Treatment Center
- Berdeaux, Donald MD (UIA Investigator)
- Great Falls Clinic
- Northern Montana Hospital
- Saint Peter's Community Hospital
- Glacier Oncology PLLC
- Kalispell Medical Oncology
- Kalispell Regional Medical Center
- Community Medical Hospital
- Montana Cancer Specialists
- Saint Patrick Hospital - Community Hospital
- Guardian Oncology and Center for Wellness
- Good Samaritan Hospital
- University Medical Center of Southern Nevada
- Nevada Cancer Research Foundation CCOP
- Cooper Hospital University Medical Center
- Veterans Adminstration New Jersey Health Care System
- Fox Chase Cancer Center at Virtua Memorial Hospital of Burlington County
- Virtua West Jersey Hospital Voorhees
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center
- Montefiore Medical Center
- Kings County Hospital
- State University of New York Downstate Medical Center
- University Hospital of Brooklyn
- Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital
- Adirondack Cancer Center
- Orange Regional Medical Center
- Sanford Clinic North-Fargo
- Sanford Medical Center-Fargo
- Mary Rutan Hospital
- Toledo Clinic Cancer Centers-Bowling Green
- Mercy Medical Center
- Case Western Reserve University
- Riverside Methodist Hospital
- Grant Medical Center
- Mount Carmel Health Center West
- Doctors Hospital
- Grandview Hospital
- Good Samaritan Hospital - Dayton
- Miami Valley Hospital
- Samaritan North Health Center
- Dayton CCOP
- Veteran Affairs Medical Center
- Grady Memorial Hospital
- Hematology Oncology Center Incorporated
- Blanchard Valley Hospital
- Atrium Medical Center-Middletown Regional Hospital
- Fremont Memorial Hospital
- Wayne Hospital
- Kettering Medical Center
- Fairfield Medical Center
- Lima Memorial Hospital
- Marietta Memorial Hospital
- Saint Luke's Hospital
- Toledo Clinic Cancer Centers-Maumee
- Toledo Radiation Oncology at Northwest Ohio Onocolgy Center
- Licking Memorial Hospital
- Fisher-Titus Medical Center
- Saint Charles Hospital
- Toledo Clinic Cancer Centers-Oregon
- Firelands Regional Medical Center
- North Coast Cancer Care
- Flower Hospital
- Mercy Hospital of Tiffin
- The Toledo Hospital/Toledo Children's Hospital
- Saint Vincent Mercy Medical Center
- University of Toledo
- Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program CCOP
- Mercy Saint Anne Hospital
- Toledo Clinic Cancer Centers-Toledo
- Upper Valley Medical Center
- Fulton County Health Center
- Saint Ann's Hospital
- Clinton Memorial Hospital
- Greene Memorial Hospital
- Genesis HealthCare System
- Adventist Medical Center
- Abington Memorial Hospital
- Bryn Mawr Hospital
- Geisinger Medical Center
- Doylestown Hospital
- Geisinger Medical Center-Cancer Center Hazleton
- Lancaster General Hospital
- Paoli Memorial Hospital
- Pottstown Memorial Medical Center
- Geisinger Medical Group
- Reading Hospital
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley
- Lankenau Hospital
- Mainline Health CCOP
- McLeod Regional Medical Center
- Rapid City Regional Hospital
- University of Tennessee - Knoxville
- Fredericksburg Oncology Inc
- PeaceHealth Saint Joseph Medical Center
- Harrison HealthPartners Hematology and Oncology-Bremerton
- Columbia Basin Hematology and Oncology PLLC
- Harborview Medical Center
- Minor and James Medical PLLC
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/University of Washington Cancer Consortium
- Swedish Medical Center-First Hill
- The Polyclinic
- University of Washington Medical Center
- Wenatchee Valley Medical Center
- The Schiffler Cancer Center of Wheeling Hospital
- Wheeling Hospital
- Marshfield Clinic-Chippewa Center
- Marshfield Clinic Cancer Center at Sacred Heart
- Sacred Heart Hospital
- Green Bay Oncology at Saint Vincent Hospital
- Saint Vincent Hospital
- Green Bay Oncology Limited at Saint Mary's Hospital
- Saint Mary's Hospital
- UW Cancer Center Johnson Creek
- Gundersen Lutheran
- Mayo Clinic Health System-Franciscan Healthcare
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics
- Bay Area Medical Center
- Marshfield Clinic
- Saint Joseph's Hospital
- Marshfield Clinic-Minocqua Center
- Green Bay Oncology - Oconto Falls
- Marshfield Clinic at James Beck Cancer Center
- Marshfield Clinic-Rice Lake Center
- Saint Michael's Hospital
- Green Bay Oncology - Sturgeon Bay
- Marshfield Clinic-Wausau Center
- Marshfield Clinic - Weston Center
- Marshfield Clinic - Wisconsin Rapids Center
- Welch Cancer Center
- University Of Pretoria
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Active Comparator
Arm A (VRD)
Arm B (VD)
Patients were given consolidation therapy for 8 cycles (1 cycle = 21 days) with the combination bortezomib, dexamethasone and lenalidomide. Patients received each cycle: the standard dose of bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) on days 1, 4, 8 and 11; fixed dose of lenalidomide at 15 mg orally on days 1-14; and 3 days of dexamethasone at 40 mg total dose per day given on days 1, 8 and 15. Aspirin 325 mg/day orally on days 1-21 of each cycle was required unless the patient was treated with alternate prophylaxis of either low molecular weight heparin or coumadin.
Patients were given consolidation therapy for 8 cycles (1 cycle = 21 days) with the combination bortezomib plus dexamethasone. Patients received each cycle: the standard dose of bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 and 3 days of dexamethasone at 40 mg total dose per day given on days 1, 8 and 15.