Low Field Magnetic Stimulation in Mood Disorders Using the LFMS Device (LFMS)

This study is designed to test whether low-field magnetic stimulation (LFMS) can relieve some of the symptoms of depression in bipolar disorder or major depression.

This study involves a screening visit with the study physician and a treatment visit. Participants will be asked to complete several questionnaires about their mood during both visits. The treatment visit will involve use of the LFMS device. Participants will place the top of their head inside the device for approximately 20 minutes. Participants will receive either the actual treatment or a sham treatment and will not know which they receive. This device produces weak electromagnetic fields. There is no discomfort or even sensation caused by the device. The device has been declared to be a "non-significant risk device" by the FDA, and there are no known risks associated with its use.

Depression, Major depression, Bipolar Disorder, Bipolar depression, LFMS, low field magnetic stimulation, mood disorders, affective disorders

20 minutes of sham treatment with the Low Field Magnetic Stimulation Device (LFMS)in bipolar depressed subjects

20 minutes of active treatment with the Low Field Magnetic Stimulation Device (LFMS)in bipolar depressed subjects

20 minutes of sham treatment with the Low Field Magnetic Stimulation Device (LFMS) in major depressed subjects

20 minutes of active treatment with the Low Field Magnetic Stimulation Device (LFMS) in major depressed subjects

The LFMS Device is an electromagnetic coil situated on a cylinder with an inside diameter of 13.2 inches. It produces weak electromagnetic fields at a frequency of about 1 kHz; the magnetic fields are less than 30 Gauss and the electric fields are up to 1.43 V/m. Subjects will receive one 20 minute treatment.

Mean Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) (17 Item) in Subjects With Bipolar Depression

A multiple choice questionnaire used to rate depression severity. Mean change from pretreatment score. 17 items reflecting depression symptoms are scored on scale of severity; 9 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Trivial 2 = Mild 3 = Moderate 4 = Severe 8 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Mild 2 = Severe. Items are summed; minimum score is 0, maximum score is 52. Higher scores represent more severe depression.

Mean Change in Hamilton Depression Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) (17 Item) in Subjects With Major Depressive Disorder

A multiple choice questionnaire used to rate depression severity. Mean change from pretreatment score. 17 items reflecting depression symptoms are scored on scale of severity; 9 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Trivial 2 = Mild 3 = Moderate 4 = Severe 8 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Mild 2 = Severe. Items are summed; minimum score is 0, maximum score is 52. Higher scores represent more severe depression.

Eleven point Likert scales indicating immediate depression state. Mean change from pretreatment score. Participant marks an 'X' on a numbered line anchored by 0 = no depression and 10 = most depressed ever been.

Eleven point Likert scales indicating immediate depression state. Mean change from pretreatment score. Participant marks an 'X' on a numbered line anchored by 0 = no depression and 10 = most depressed ever been.

A multiple choice questionnaire used to rate depression severity. Mean change from pretreatment score. 17 items reflecting depression symptoms are scored on scale of severity; 9 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Trivial 2 = Mild 3 = Moderate 4 = Severe 8 items are scored 0 = Absent 1 = Mild 2 = Severe. Items are summed; minimum score is 0, maximum score is 52. Higher scores represent more severe depression.

Eleven point Likert scales indicating immediate depression state. Mean change from pretreatment score. Participant marks an 'X' on a numbered line anchored by 0 = no depression and 10 = most depressed ever been.

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Positive Score in Subjects With Major Depressive Disorder

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Negative Score in Subjects With Major Depressive Disorder

20 item list of words that describe different feelings and emotions with positive and negative valences (10 each), which the subject scores on a 1-5 scale: 1 = very slightly or not at all 2 = a little 3 = moderate 4 = quite a bit 5 = extremely. Positive and Negative scores are calculated and reported separately and range from 10-50. Higher positive score reflects stronger positive affect and higher negative score reflects stronger negative affect.

Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder; must be currently depressed May be medicated or unmedicated Exclusion Criteria: Contraindication for MRI due to metal in eyes/head Claustrophobia. Inability to lie flat. History of brain injury. Pregnant Current drug use/abuse/dependence History of polysubstance use

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Rohan M, Parow A, Stoll AL, Demopulos C, Friedman S, Dager S, Hennen J, Cohen BM, Renshaw PF. Low-field magnetic stimulation in bipolar depression using an MRI-based stimulator. Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Jan;161(1):93-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.93.

Rohan ML, Yamamoto RT, Ravichandran CT, Cayetano KR, Morales OG, Olson DP, Vitaliano G, Paul SM, Cohen BM. Rapid mood-elevating effects of low field magnetic stimulation in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Aug 1;76(3):186-93. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.10.024. Epub 2013 Nov 12.