Change of Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Average Interference Score From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI average interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in BPI Worst Pain During Treatment From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Worst Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Worst Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Least Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Least Pain During Treatment (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Least Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Average Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Average Pain During Treatment (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Average Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Number of Patients With a Reduction in BPI Average Pain at Week 2
Number of Patients With a Reduction in BPI Average Pain at Week 6
Number of Patients With a Reduction in BPI Average Pain at Week 12
Change in Pain During Treatment (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the pain at week 2 minus the pain at baseline. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Pain (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the pain at week 6 minus the pain at baseline. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Pain During Treatment (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the pain at week 12 minus the pain at baseline. The BPI pain ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as the patient can imagine).
Change in Relief of Pain (BPI) From the Week Before Baseline to the Week Before Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The relief of pain ranges from 0% (no relief) to 100% (complete relief).
Change in Relief of Pain (BPI) From the Week Before Baseline to the Week Before Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The relief of pain ranges from 0% (no relief) to 100% (complete relief).
Change in Relief of Pain (BPI) From the Week Before Baseline to the Week Before Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The relief of pain ranges from 0% (no relief) to 100% (complete relief).
Change in Interference of Pain With General Activity (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With General Activity (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With General Activity (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Mood (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Mood (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Mood (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Walking Ability (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Walking Ability (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Walking Ability (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Normal Work (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Normal Work (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Normal Work (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Relations to Other People (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Relations to Other People (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Relations to Other People (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Sleep (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Sleep (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Sleep (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Enjoyment of Life (BPI) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Enjoyment of Life (BPI) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Change in Interference of Pain With Enjoyment of Life (BPI) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BPI interference score ranges from 0 (pain does not interfere) to 10 (pain completely interferes).
Patient Global Impression - Improvement (PGI-I) at Week 2
The investigator judged the improvement of the patient's global impression during treatment. The score ranges from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse).
Patient Global Impression - Improvement (PGI-I) at Week 6
The investigator judged the improvement of the patient's global impression during treatment. The score ranges from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse).
Patient Global Impression - Improvement (PGI-I) at Week 12
The investigator judged the improvement of the patient's global impression during treatment. The score ranges from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse).
Change in Beck Depression Inventory Total Score (BDI-II) From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The BDI-II total score ranges from 0 to 63, with a higher score indicating a higher level of depression.
Change in Beck Depression Inventory Total Score (BDI-II) From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The BDI-II total score ranges from 0 to 63, with a higher score indicating a higher level of depression.
Change in Beck Depression Inventory Total Score (BDI-II) From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The BDI-II total score ranges from 0 to 63, with a higher score indicating a higher level of depression.
Change in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Anxiety Total Score From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The HADS anxiety total score ranges from 0 (no anxiety) to 21 (extreme anxiety).
Change in HADS Anxiety Total Score From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The HADS anxiety total score ranges from 0 (no anxiety) to 21 (extreme anxiety).
Change in HADS Anxiety Total Score From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The HADS anxiety total score ranges from 0 (no anxiety) to 21 (extreme anxiety).
Change in HADS Depression Total Score From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The HADS depression total score ranges from 0 (no depression) to 21 (extreme depression).
Change in HADS Depression Total Score From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The HADS depression total score ranges from 0 (no depression) to 21 (extreme depression).
Change in HADS Depression Total Score From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The HADS depression total score ranges from 0 (no depression) to 21 (extreme depression).
Change in Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) - Physical Component Summary From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of physical health. Values can range from 0 to 100.
Change in Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) - Physical Component Summary From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of physical health. Values can range from 0 to 100.
Change in Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) - Mental Component Summary From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of mental health. Values can range from 0 to 100.
Change in Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) - Mental Component Summary From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of mental health. Values can range from 0 to 100.
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Interference of Pain (With Subjective Well-being) From Baseline to Week 6
Pain-related life interference (with family and marital functioning, work, social activities). The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no interference) to 6 (extreme interference).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Interference of Pain From Baseline to Week 12
Pain-related life interference (with family and marital functioning, work, social activities). The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no interference) to 6 (extreme interference).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Support From Baseline to Week 6
Appraisal of support received from spouse, family and significant others. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no support) to 6 (very much support).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Support Which the Patient Received From Baseline to Week 12
Appraisal of support received from spouse, family and significant others. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no support) to 6 (very much support).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Pain Severity From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (not at all strong) to 6 (very strong).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Pain Severity From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no control) to 6 (extreme control).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Life Control From Baseline to Week 6
Perceived life control and ability to solve problems and feelings of personal mastery and competence. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no control) to 6 (extreme control).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Life Control From Baseline to Week 12
Perceived life control and ability to solve problems and feelings of personal mastery and competence. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no control) to 6 (extreme control).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Affective Distress From Baseline to Week 6
Affective distress, including ratings of depressed mood, irritability, and tension. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no distress) to 6 (extreme distress).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Affective Distress From Baseline to Week 12
Affective distress, including ratings of depressed mood, irritability, and tension. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (no distress) to 6 (extreme distress).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Negative Responses From Baseline to Week 6
Degree to which significant others display negative responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Negative Responses From Baseline to Week 12
Degree to which significant others display negative responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Solicitous Responses From Baseline to Week 6
Degree to which significant others display solicitous responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Solicitous Responses From Baseline to Week 12
Degree to which significant others display solicitous responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Degree to Which Significant Others Display Distracting Responses to the Patient's Pain Behaviors and Complaints From Baseline to Week 6
Degree to which significant others display distracting responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Degree to Which Significant Others Display Distracting Responses to the Patient's Pain Behaviors and Complaints From Baseline to Week 12
Degree to which significant others display distracting responses to the patient's pain behaviors and complaints. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Household Chores From Baseline to Week 6
Frequency with which the patient engages in household chores. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Household Chores From Baseline to Week 12
Frequency with which the patient engages in household chores. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Outdoor Work From Baseline to Week 6
Frequency with which the patient engages in outdoor work. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Outdoor Work From Baseline to Week 12
Frequency with which the patient engages in outdoor work. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Social Activities From Baseline to Week 6
Frequency with which the patient engages in social activities. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): Social Activities From Baseline to Week 12
Frequency with which the patient engages in social activities. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): General Activities From Baseline to Week 6
Frequency with which the patient engages in general activities. The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI): General Activities From Baseline to Week 12
Frequency with which the patient engages in general activities. The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The scores range from 0 (never) to 6 (very frequently).
Change in Clinical Global Impression - Severity Pain From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. The score of the Clinical global impression ranges from 1 (not ill at all) to 7 (extremely ill).
Change in Clinical Global Impression - Severity Pain From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. The score of the Clinical global impression ranges from 1 (not ill at all) to 7 (extremely ill).
Change in Clinical Global Impression - Severity Pain From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. The score of the Clinical global impression ranges from 1 (not ill at all) to 7 (extremely ill).
Change in Hamilton Depression Score From Baseline to Week 2
The change from baseline reflects the week 2 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of depression. The score ranges from 0 to 52.
Change in Hamilton Depression Score From Baseline to Week 6
The change from baseline reflects the week 6 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of depression. The score ranges from 0 to 52.
Change in Hamilton Depression Score From Baseline to Week 12
The change from baseline reflects the week 12 value minus the baseline value. A lower score corresponds to a lower level of depression. The score ranges from 0 to 52.
Suicidal Thoughts by BDI-II at Week 2
Suicidal Thoughts by BDI-II at Week 6
Suicidal Thoughts by BDI-II at Week 12
Suicidal Thoughts or Behaviours by HAMD-17 at Week 2
Suicidal Thoughts or Behaviours by HAMD-17 at Week 6
Suicidal Thoughts or Behaviours by HAMD-17 at Week 12
Change of Fasting Blood Glucose From Baseline at Week 12
Ancova analysis controlling for baseline and insulin intake
Change of Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) From Baseline at Week 12
Ancova analysis controlling for baseline and insulin intake
Change of Systolic Blood Pressure From Baseline at Week 12
Change of Diastolic Blood Pressure From Baseline at Week 12
Change of Pulse Rate From Baseline at Week 12