Pilot Study of Betaine + Combination Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Non-responder/Relapsers
Chronic Hepatitis C, Genotype 1, Relapse
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Chronic Hepatitis C focused on measuring Chronic hepatitis C, Genotype 1, Nonresponder, Relapser, Betaine, Antiviral therapy
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Subject must be willing to give informed consent and be able to adhere to dose and visit schedules.
- History of chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1, non-responders or relapsers as documented by genotype testing and HCV RNA levels at 12 weeks ( < 2 log change) during therapy or at 3 - 12 months post therapy, respectively.
- Adult subjects 18-70 years of age, of either gender
- Liver biopsy within 3 years prior to the screening 1 visit with a pathology report confirming that the histological diagnosis is consistent with chronic hepatitis C.
- Compensated liver disease with the following maximum hematologic, biochemical and serologic criteria at the Screening visit (WNL=within normal limits) Hemoglobin > 12 g/dl for females and >13 g/dl for males, WBC > 3000/mm3, Platelets > 80,000/mm3, Direct Bilirubin - WNL. Indirect bilirubin - WNL, Albumin - WNL, Serum Creatinine - WNL.
- Fasting glucose should be 70 -140 mg/dl, results between 116-140 require a HbA1c < 8.5%
- TSH - WNL
- Subjects with a history of mild depression may be considered for entry in to this study provided that a pretreatment assessment of the subject's affective status supports that the subject is clinically stable.
- Subjects with a history of substance abuse must have abstained from using the substance for at least one year prior to the Screening visit.
- Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) < 1:320
- No radiologic evidence of a focal mass suggestive of hepatoma and/or ascites.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnant or nursing subjects. Subjects who intend to become pregnant during the study period. Subjects with partners who intend to become pregnant during the study period.
- Prior response to therapy and failure to achieve SVR which may have been due to treatment non-compliance, in the assessment of the investigator based upon subject's medical history.
- Participation in any clinical trial of a HCV protease inhibitor of any duration. Subjects may have received other investigational agents for the treatment of HCV, as long as they have also received an adequate course of Peg-IFN/RBV [i.e., the investigational agent could not have replaced either Peg-IFN (such as Albuferon) or RBV (viramidine)].
- History of new hepatitis C exposure within the last 6 months
- Current or intended use of G-CSF and/or GM-CSF during the stud period is prohibited. Current use of erythropoietin (EPO) is prohibited.
- Suspected hypersensitivity to any interferon product or ribavirin
- Participation in any other clinical trial within 30 days of Screening visit 1
- Treatment with any investigational drug within 30 days of Screening visit 1.
- Any other cause for liver disease other than CHC, including but not limited to: hemachromatosis, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson's disease, Autoimmune hepatitis, Alcoholic liver disease, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), Drug-related liver disease
- Known coagulopathies including hemophilia
- Known hemoglobinopathies
- Known G6PD deficiency
- Known coinfection with HIV and/or HBV
- Evidence of active or suspected malignancy or a history of malignancy within the last five years (with the exception of adequately treated basal cell carcinoma of the skin).
- Evidence of decompensated liver disease such as history or presence of ascites, bleeding varices or hepatic encephalopathy
- Subjects with organ transplants other than cornea or hair transplant
- Any Known preexisting medical condition, that could interfere with the subject's participation in and completion of the study including, but not limited to moderate to severe depression, or a history of severe psychiatric disorder, such as psychosis, suicidal ideation and/or suicidal attempt; Subjects with a past history or current use of lithium and/or antipsychotic drugs; CNS trauma or seizure disorder; Clinically significant ECG abnormalities and/or significant cardiovascular dysfunction within the past 2 years prior to Screening ; Poorly controlled diabetes mellitis; Chronic pulmonary disease (COPD); Immunologically mediated disease such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, scleroderma, severe psoriasis or symptomatic thyroid disorder; Any medical condition requiring, or likely to require during the course of the study, chronic systemic administration of steroids: History of, or active clinical gout.
- Substance abuse, such as alcohol (>80 g/day), IV drugs and inhaled drugs. Subjects with a history of substance abuse must have abstained from the abuse substance for at least one year. Subjects with clinically significant retinal abnormalities
- Any other condition which in the opinion of the investigator would make the subject unsuitable for enrollment, or could interfere with the subject participating in and completing the protocol
- Subjects who are part of the staff personnel directly involved with the study
- Subjects who are immediate family members of the investigational study staff
Sites / Locations
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Experimental
Safety & Efficacy of Betaine Combined with Standard Anti-viral Therapy
The primary objective is to examine safety & efficacy of betaine when combined with standard anti-viral therapy in previously treated adult subjects with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1. Efficacy will be determined through comparison of the sustained viral response (SVR) to our protocol three-drug regimen (Betaine, Peginterferon plus Ribavirin) to that historically seen in relapsers and non-responders when retreated with standard therapy (Peginterferon and Ribavirin alone). Betaine (trimethylglycine) dose is 10 gm twice a day for 48 weeks. Pegasys (peginterferon alpha 2a) dose is 180mcg/0.5 ml subcutaneous injection for 48 weeks. Coegus (ribavirin) dose is 200mg - weight based, 1000 - 1200 mg/day for body weight or 75mg in 2 divided doses.