Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin C Associated With Sub-conjunctival Injection of Ranibizumab

Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C remains the standard surgery for glaucoma. This surgery involves creating a door in the eye wall in order to improve fluid outflow and decrease intraocular pressure. However, success rates range from 70% to 90% depending on the criteria used and tend to decrease with time. The failure of the surgery is associated with inflammation, new blood vessel formation and scarring which can cause closure of the door. Molecules which inhibit new blood vessel formation such as inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor have been used successfully to decrease scarring in animal eyes where little doors were created and significantly improve survival. Furthermore, they have shown promise when used during trabeculectomy. Ranibizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor, has also been used safely in intraocular surgery to treat other diseases which involve new blood vessel formation such as macular degeneration and diabetes. The investigators hypothesize that ranibizumab may decrease the failure rate of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C by decreasing scarring. The aim of the study is to evaluate the difference in failure rates and bleb morphology at one year post-operatively in eyes having undergone sub-conjunctival injections of ranibizumab in addition to primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C compared to eyes having undergone trabeculectomy with mitomycin C alone.

Prospective, randomized, unblinded clinical trial. Two groups of patients with glaucoma undergoing primary trabeculectomy or phaco-trabeculectomy with MMC between March 2009 and September 2012. The ranibizumab group (RAN) received 2 subconjunctival injections of 0.5 mg of ranibizumab (intraoperatively and on day 14) and he control group did not receive ranibizumab.

Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C associated with 2 subconjunctival injections of ranibizumab: 1 intraoperatively and 1 at 2 weeks post-operatively

Two ranibizumab subconjunctival injections (0.5 mg ∕ 0.05 mL). The first injection at the end of the surgery (intraoperative) and the second two weeks post-operatively.

Complete success: post-operative IOP between 5-18 mm Hg and at least a 20% reduction in IOP from baseline without the use of glaucoma medications. Qualified success: similar definition with the use of glaucoma medications.

Inclusion Criteria: to have uncontrolled glaucoma to have accepted to undergo a primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C to have one of the following types of glaucoma: Normal tension Glaucoma Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma Chronic Angle-Closure Glaucoma Mixed mechanism glaucoma Steroid-induced Glaucoma Neovascular Glaucoma Exclusion Criteria: to be less than 18 years old to be unable to observe the study protocol to present some risk factors for thromboembolic events and cerebrovascular accidents : hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary artery diseases a history of thromboembolic events and cerebrovascular accidents congenital glaucoma uveitic glaucoma to be pregnant to be breastfeeding surgical complications prior to injection of the study drug such as vitreous in the anterior chamber or the presence of suprachoroidal hemorrhages to have undergone a previous conjunctival surgery to be hypersensitive to the drug, to one of the components of the drug or to one of the components of the packaging to present an active or suspected intraocular or periocular inflammation to have a kidney failure to have a liver failure