Natural Killer Cells Function in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (LLC-NK)

Purpose: The involvement of Natural Killer cells (NK) in the efficiency of the treatment in lymphoma and the beginning of new therapies based on function and activation of NK, justify an improvement of knowledge about the status of the population of NK (number, function, genic expression) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).

Method: prospective, monocentric, descriptive study Primary objective: Evaluation of the expression and function of receptors activator of NK cell (KIRs) in patients with CLL at stage A with therapeutic abstention, or stage B or C which require a treatment. Secondary objectives: Measure of the evolution of cytotoxic function of NK cells and theirs biomarkers of activation when the patient receives an immunochemotherapy with Rituximab/ Fludarabine/ Cyclophosphamide (RCF). Verification, by analysis, of functions and biomarkers of the adaptive and innate immunity

An extra blood sample of 40 ml is required : Stage A patient who does not require a treatment: one sample the day of enrollment. Stage B or C patient who require RFC treatment: sample at D0 of the 1st and 4th cure of RFC, and 3 months after the end of the treatment.

Analysis of the surface expression of functional biomarkers of the NK cell, functional study, analysis of expression of transcription of values genes.

Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of CLL (Score of Matutes >=4) with no history of treatment: Stade A of Binet, Or Stade B or C before the beginning of the treatment with RFC Patients who can undergo blood collection Patient aged 18 years and older Signed consent Non inclusion Criteria: Patient with anemia: haemoglobin < 9 g/dl Pregnancy, breast feeding Patient in an urgent situation, or unable to give a consent