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O6-Benzylguanine and Topical Carmustine in Treating Patients With Early-Stage IA-IIA Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Primary Purpose

Recurrent Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Stage I Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7, Stage II Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 1
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Carmustine
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
O6-Benzylguanine
Sponsored by
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Recurrent Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Eligibility Criteria

19 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of CTCL stages IA-IIA by histopathology and immunohistochemistry in screening biopsies confirmed at Case Western Reserve University within 6 months of enrollment; biopsies may be performed at the site of collaborating institutions and shipped to University Hospitals of Cleveland-Case Western Reserve University (UHC-CWRU)
  • Performance status Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade 0, 1, or 2
  • Patients must have recovered from toxicity of prior treatment and have received no CTCL therapy other than emollition for at least 4 weeks, with the exception of topical corticosteroids, which may be used up to 2 weeks before the trial start date
  • Patients must have signed a consent form indicating the investigational nature of the treatment and its potential side effects
  • White blood cell (WBC) at least 3.5 x10E9/L
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at least 1.6 x10E9/L
  • Platelets > 100,000/ul
  • Bilirubin < 1.5 mg/dL
  • Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) within normal range
  • Creatinine =< 1.5 mg/dL
  • Electrolytes normal
  • Controlled (diet and insulin) diabetes is permitted
  • Demonstration of clinically normal lung function based on history and physical examination; patients with clinical evidence of pulmonary disease as determined by the investigator should have baseline lung function tests performed with demonstration of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) >= 70%; a DLCO single breath, adjusted for hemoglobin, will be utilized; we will not use DLCO/alveolar volume (VA) for inclusion or exclusion in this study
  • Patients must have cutaneous disease that is amenable to biopsy and must be willing to undergo several sequential biopsies
  • Must have failed at least one conventional treatment for CTCL other than topical corticosteroids; this includes phototherapy, topical mechlorethamine, topical or oral bexarotene, radiation therapy, photopheresis, chemotherapy, and immunomodulatory agents such as interferon and other retinoids

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who have received prior treatment with topical or systemic BCNU or other nitrosoureas
  • Patients with known central nervous system involvement or primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancies
  • Patients with performance status ECOG grade 3 or 4
  • Pregnant women, women who are breast feeding infants, or women with reproductive potential not practicing adequate contraception
  • Patients with an active infection which requires hospitalization, or which may affect the patient?s safety if the patient was enrolled
  • Patients with pulmonary disease as determined by history, physical examination, chest X-ray, or pulse oximetry with < 70% predicted DLCO
  • CTCL patients with stage IIB-IVB disease

Sites / Locations

  • Henry Ford Hospital
  • Case Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • Case Western Reserve University
  • Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Treatment (O6-benzylguanine, carmustine)

Arm Description

Patients receive O6-benzylguanine IV over 1 hour and apply topical carmustine to the total skin surface (excluding the lips, eyelids, and ulcerated lesions) 1 hour after completing O6-benzylguanine infusion on days 1-2. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Overall Response Rate
Based on changes in modified SWAT assessment, patient responses will be classified as complete clinical response (CCR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), or progressive disease (PD). SWAT provides an accurate and reproducible assessment of cutaneous disease involvement based on body surface area of involvement and lesional thickness. CCR: No evidence of disease, 100% improvement for a duration of at least 4 weeks. PR: Greater than or equal to 50% decrease in SWAT score compared to baseline and improvement is maintained for at least 4 weeks. SD: Less than 50% decrease in SWAT score compared to baseline. PD: Increase of greater or equal to 25% of the SWAT score compared to baseline while the patient is actively taking the study drug

Secondary Outcome Measures

Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Changes in the Apoptosis
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 24 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The apoptotic index will be calculated from these results.
Changes in the Apoptosis
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 48 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The apoptotic index will be calculated from these results.
Changes in the Cell Cycle/Proliferation
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 24 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The proliferation rate will be calculated from these results.
Changes in the Cell Cycle/Proliferation
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 48 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The proliferation rate will be calculated from these results.
Changes in DNA Damage- Cytotoxicity
Immunohistochemistry will be used to assess expression of these proteins in keratinocytes, epidermal lymphocytes, and dermal lymphocytes, to determine the effects of BCNU cytotoxicity in each subpopulation of cells
Changes in DNA Damage- Cytotoxicity
Immunohistochemistry will be used to assess expression of these proteins in keratinocytes, epidermal lymphocytes, and dermal lymphocytes, to determine the effects of BCNU cytotoxicity in each subpopulation of cells
Changes in AGT Inactivation in Non-responding Patients
Changes in AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay from first course to seventh course of treatment.
Changes in AGT Inactivation in Non-responding Patients
Changes in AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay from first course to seventh course of treatment.

Full Information

First Posted
August 16, 2009
Last Updated
April 23, 2018
Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00961220
Brief Title
O6-Benzylguanine and Topical Carmustine in Treating Patients With Early-Stage IA-IIA Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Official Title
A Phase I/II Multicenter Clinical Trial of O6Benzylguanine and Topical Carmustine in the Treatment of Refractory Early-Stage (IA-IIA) Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
April 2018
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
February 1, 2010 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
April 8, 2012 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
April 8, 2014 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of carmustine when given together with O6-benzylguanine and to see how well they work in treating patients with stage IA-IIA cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as carmustine, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. O6-benzylguanine may help carmustine work better by making cancer cells more sensitive to the drug. Giving O6-benzylguanine with carmustine may kill more cancer cells.
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) response rate and safety of O6BG (O6-benzylguanine) /BCNU (carmustine) when given biweekly as two consecutive daily doses. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the laboratory correlates of clinical response and drug efficacy based upon O6-alkylguanine deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) alkyltransferase (AGT) activity in CTCL lesions will be examined to determine the effects of consecutive day O6BG administration on the extent and duration of AGT depletion. II. To determine the laboratory correlates of clinical response and drug efficacy based upon degree of induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest will be examined in the malignant T-cell population of lymphomatous tissue and in the constitutive cells of the skin to determine drug efficacy and toxicity through immunohistochemical techniques. III. To determine the laboratory correlates of clinical response and drug efficacy based upon O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene mutations and changes in AGT expression will be examined as potential mechanisms for O6BG resistance in non-responding patients. OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of carmustine followed by a phase II study. Patients receive O6-benzylguanine intravenously (IV) over 1 hour and apply topical carmustine to the total skin surface (excluding the lips, eyelids, and ulcerated lesions) 1 hour after completing O6-benzylguanine infusion on days 1-2. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 2 weeks.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Recurrent Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Stage I Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7, Stage II Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 1, Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
17 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Treatment (O6-benzylguanine, carmustine)
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Patients receive O6-benzylguanine IV over 1 hour and apply topical carmustine to the total skin surface (excluding the lips, eyelids, and ulcerated lesions) 1 hour after completing O6-benzylguanine infusion on days 1-2. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Carmustine
Other Intervention Name(s)
BCNU, Becenum, Becenun, BiCNU, Bis(chloroethyl) Nitrosourea, Bis-Chloronitrosourea, Carmubris, Carmustin, Carmustinum, FDA 0345, Gliadel, N,N'-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea, Nitrourean, Nitrumon, SK 27702, SRI 1720, WR-139021
Intervention Description
Applied topically
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Intervention Description
Correlative studies
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
O6-Benzylguanine
Other Intervention Name(s)
6-O-Benzylguanine, O(6)-Benzylguanine
Intervention Description
Given IV
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Overall Response Rate
Description
Based on changes in modified SWAT assessment, patient responses will be classified as complete clinical response (CCR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), or progressive disease (PD). SWAT provides an accurate and reproducible assessment of cutaneous disease involvement based on body surface area of involvement and lesional thickness. CCR: No evidence of disease, 100% improvement for a duration of at least 4 weeks. PR: Greater than or equal to 50% decrease in SWAT score compared to baseline and improvement is maintained for at least 4 weeks. SD: Less than 50% decrease in SWAT score compared to baseline. PD: Increase of greater or equal to 25% of the SWAT score compared to baseline while the patient is actively taking the study drug
Time Frame
Up to 2 weeks after completion of study treatment
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Description
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Time Frame
Baseline
Title
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Description
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Time Frame
24 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Description
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Time Frame
48 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in AGT (O6-alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase) Activity
Description
Examine AGT depletion at baseline, 24 hrs or 48 hrs, and 1 week after the first Infusion of O6BG. AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay.
Time Frame
1 week after the first infusion
Title
Changes in the Apoptosis
Description
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 24 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The apoptotic index will be calculated from these results.
Time Frame
at 24 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in the Apoptosis
Description
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 48 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The apoptotic index will be calculated from these results.
Time Frame
at 48 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in the Cell Cycle/Proliferation
Description
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 24 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The proliferation rate will be calculated from these results.
Time Frame
at 24 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in the Cell Cycle/Proliferation
Description
Comparing skin biopsy specimens of BCNU-protected CTCL lesional specimens vs BCNU-treated lesional specimens at 48 hours, using immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, PCNA, bcl-2, and caspase-3, as well as y2HAX and TUNEL assays. The proliferation rate will be calculated from these results.
Time Frame
at 48 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in DNA Damage- Cytotoxicity
Description
Immunohistochemistry will be used to assess expression of these proteins in keratinocytes, epidermal lymphocytes, and dermal lymphocytes, to determine the effects of BCNU cytotoxicity in each subpopulation of cells
Time Frame
24 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in DNA Damage- Cytotoxicity
Description
Immunohistochemistry will be used to assess expression of these proteins in keratinocytes, epidermal lymphocytes, and dermal lymphocytes, to determine the effects of BCNU cytotoxicity in each subpopulation of cells
Time Frame
48 hours after the first infusion
Title
Changes in AGT Inactivation in Non-responding Patients
Description
Changes in AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay from first course to seventh course of treatment.
Time Frame
After first course at 2 weeks
Title
Changes in AGT Inactivation in Non-responding Patients
Description
Changes in AGT levels will be determined by biochemical activity assay from first course to seventh course of treatment.
Time Frame
After seventh course at 14 weeks

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
19 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of CTCL stages IA-IIA by histopathology and immunohistochemistry in screening biopsies confirmed at Case Western Reserve University within 6 months of enrollment; biopsies may be performed at the site of collaborating institutions and shipped to University Hospitals of Cleveland-Case Western Reserve University (UHC-CWRU) Performance status Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade 0, 1, or 2 Patients must have recovered from toxicity of prior treatment and have received no CTCL therapy other than emollition for at least 4 weeks, with the exception of topical corticosteroids, which may be used up to 2 weeks before the trial start date Patients must have signed a consent form indicating the investigational nature of the treatment and its potential side effects White blood cell (WBC) at least 3.5 x10E9/L Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at least 1.6 x10E9/L Platelets > 100,000/ul Bilirubin < 1.5 mg/dL Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) within normal range Creatinine =< 1.5 mg/dL Electrolytes normal Controlled (diet and insulin) diabetes is permitted Demonstration of clinically normal lung function based on history and physical examination; patients with clinical evidence of pulmonary disease as determined by the investigator should have baseline lung function tests performed with demonstration of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) >= 70%; a DLCO single breath, adjusted for hemoglobin, will be utilized; we will not use DLCO/alveolar volume (VA) for inclusion or exclusion in this study Patients must have cutaneous disease that is amenable to biopsy and must be willing to undergo several sequential biopsies Must have failed at least one conventional treatment for CTCL other than topical corticosteroids; this includes phototherapy, topical mechlorethamine, topical or oral bexarotene, radiation therapy, photopheresis, chemotherapy, and immunomodulatory agents such as interferon and other retinoids Exclusion Criteria: Patients who have received prior treatment with topical or systemic BCNU or other nitrosoureas Patients with known central nervous system involvement or primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancies Patients with performance status ECOG grade 3 or 4 Pregnant women, women who are breast feeding infants, or women with reproductive potential not practicing adequate contraception Patients with an active infection which requires hospitalization, or which may affect the patient?s safety if the patient was enrolled Patients with pulmonary disease as determined by history, physical examination, chest X-ray, or pulse oximetry with < 70% predicted DLCO CTCL patients with stage IIB-IVB disease
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Kevin Cooper
Organizational Affiliation
Case Comprehensive Cancer Center
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Henry Ford Hospital
City
Detroit
State/Province
Michigan
ZIP/Postal Code
48202
Country
United States
Facility Name
Case Comprehensive Cancer Center
City
Cleveland
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
44106-5065
Country
United States
Facility Name
Case Western Reserve University
City
Cleveland
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
44106
Country
United States
Facility Name
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
City
Columbus
State/Province
Ohio
ZIP/Postal Code
43210
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
28199478
Citation
Tacastacas JD, Chan DV, Carlson S, Gerson SL, Dowlati A, Fu P, Lu K, Groft S, Rosenjack J, Honda K, McCormick TS, Cooper KD. Evaluation of O6-Benzylguanine-Potentiated Topical Carmustine for Mycosis Fungoides: A Phase 1-2 Clinical Trial. JAMA Dermatol. 2017 May 1;153(5):413-420. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.5793. Erratum In: JAMA Dermatol. 2017 May 1;153(5):479.
Results Reference
derived

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O6-Benzylguanine and Topical Carmustine in Treating Patients With Early-Stage IA-IIA Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

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