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The Effect of Exercise on Preventing PostPartum Depression

Primary Purpose

PostPartum Depression

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Wellness Control
Exercise Intervention
Sponsored by
University of Minnesota
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for PostPartum Depression focused on measuring Exercise, PostParum Depression

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)FemaleAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • We will recruit healthy, sedentary (defined as exercising 60 minutes or less per week) women who are at least 18 years of age and at least 28 weeks pregnant or less than one month postpartum (n=120). Participants will be required to obtain written consent from their healthcare provider to participate. This written consent will be obtained following delivery of the newborn. Participants will complete a telephone screening interview to assess eligibility. Current depressive episode will be assessed using the PHQ-9 (cut-off will be 10 or higher). As we have done in previous trials, we will have a protocol in place that deals with participants expressing suicidal ideation ranging from referring them to their healthcare provider and/or calling emergency assistance, depending on intent. To be included, participants must be willing to be randomly assigned to either of the two study arms. Additionally, participants will read and sign a consent form approved by the University of Minnesota and have all of their questions will be answered prior to participating.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • No healthcare provider consent to participate
  • Pre-existing hypertension or diabetes
  • Current participation in exercise (defined as exercising 60 or more minutes per week)
  • Currently enrolled in another exercise or weight management study
  • Less than 18 years of age
  • Another member of household participating in the study
  • Unable to speak, comprehend, read, or write fluently in the English language
  • Unable to walk for 30 minutes continuously
  • Musculoskeletal problems such as arthritis, gout, osteoporosis, or back, hip or knee pain that may interfere with exercising
  • Exercise-induced asthma
  • Any condition that would make exercise unsafe or unwise
  • Taking medication that interferes with heart rate response to exercise such as beta blockers
  • Hospitalization for a psychiatric disorder in the past six months
  • Current depressive episode and/or currently receiving antidepressant medication or psychotherapy for depression (those who are depressed and who are not in treatment will be referred to their physician or psychiatrist for follow-up care)

In addition to the initial exclusion criteria listed above, we will withdraw the exercise intervention and instruct the participant to contact their healthcare provider if the participant develops a medical issue in which exercise would be unsafe.

Sites / Locations

  • University of Minnesota

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Experimental

Arm Label

Wellness Control

Exercise Intervention

Arm Description

Participants will receive health and wellness information and no exercise information.

Intervention will include motivational telephone-based intervention to increase exercise to 5 days per week for 30 minutes or more each session.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders
This measure was used to determine if participants met the diagnostic criteria for postpartum depression. This is a yes/no diagnostic tool and our data indicate percentage who meet criteria for depression.

Secondary Outcome Measures

7-Day Physical Activity Recall Interview
Physical activity during previous 7 days. This measure does not have a range given it is directly dependent upon number of minutes of physical activity per week. The intensity ranges from moderate (similar to a brisk walk), hard (similar to a jog), and very hard (similar to a run).
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
This scale is a continuous measure of postpartum depression. Range is 0-30 and a score of 10 or above may be considered depressed. Higher scores indicate higher depression.
PHQ-9
Continuous measure of depression. Scoring is on a scale of 0-27 1-4 Minimal depression 5-9 Mild depression 10-14 Moderate depression 15-19 Moderately severe depression 20-27 Severe depression

Full Information

First Posted
August 18, 2009
Last Updated
October 30, 2019
Sponsor
University of Minnesota
Collaborators
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00961402
Brief Title
The Effect of Exercise on Preventing PostPartum Depression
Official Title
Efficacy of an Exercise Intervention for the Prevention of PostPartum Depression
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2019
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
September 2009 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
November 2011 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
November 2011 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
University of Minnesota
Collaborators
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and efficacy of an exercise intervention for the prevention of postpartum depression. If efficacious, our intervention could be disseminated in "real world settings" in an effort to prevent postpartum depression.
Detailed Description
Recent estimates indicate that approximately 10-15% of women giving birth experience depression during the postpartum period (Dietz et al., 2007; Gaven et al., 2005). Research indicates that psychological interventions are efficacious for treating postpartum depression (Dennis & Hodnett, 2007). However, it is important to also focus on the prevention of postpartum depression given many women do not seek treatment (Dennis & Chung-Lee, 2006) and those who do seek treatment may have already experienced negative consequences related to depression including cessation of breastfeeding and poor maternal-child bonding (Dennis & McQueen, 2007; Murray et al., 1999). Unfortunately, research indicates that psychological interventions are not efficacious in the prevention of postpartum depression among women at risk for postpartum depression (for a review see Dennis & Creedy, 2004). Consequently, there is a need to test new and innovative interventions for the prevention of postpartum depression. Exercise interventions have been shown to be effective for the treatment of depression among adults and therefore, this intervention may be efficacious in the prevention of postpartum depression. The purpose of the present pilot study is to examine the feasibility of recruiting and retaining participants at risk for postpartum depression for a randomized trial examining an exercise intervention for the prevention of postpartum depression. We will also examine the preliminary efficacy of the exercise intervention on the prevention of postpartum depression. Specifically, 120 sedentary, healthy pregnant women who have a history of at least one depressive episode and/or have a maternal family history of depression will be recruited from various ObGyn clinics, psychiatry clinics, and via advertisements. Once the potential participants receive healthcare provider consent to exercise (approximately two weeks following a vaginal delivery and four weeks following a c-section), participants will then be randomly assigned to either an exercise intervention or a health and wellness contact control condition. The exercise condition will consist of telephone-based counseling sessions designed to motivate postpartum women to become physically active. This theory-based intervention will be based on interventions shown to be effective in previous studies. The contact control condition will consist of scheduled telephone sessions with a health educator on issues related to health and wellness (e.g., stress reduction, sleep, nutrition). The specific aims of the study will be 1) to determine the feasibility of recruiting and retaining pregnant and postpartum women for an exercise intervention trial and 2) to determine the effect of a home-based behavioral exercise intervention on depression (as measured by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders; SCID-I and the PHQ-9) among postpartum women. Physical activity adherence will be assessed using the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall Interview (Blair et al., 1985) and accelerometers (i.e., an objective assessment of physical activity).

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
PostPartum Depression
Keywords
Exercise, PostParum Depression

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
130 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Wellness Control
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants will receive health and wellness information and no exercise information.
Arm Title
Exercise Intervention
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Intervention will include motivational telephone-based intervention to increase exercise to 5 days per week for 30 minutes or more each session.
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Wellness Control
Intervention Description
6-month wellness control
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Exercise Intervention
Intervention Description
6 month exercise intervention
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders
Description
This measure was used to determine if participants met the diagnostic criteria for postpartum depression. This is a yes/no diagnostic tool and our data indicate percentage who meet criteria for depression.
Time Frame
6 months
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
7-Day Physical Activity Recall Interview
Description
Physical activity during previous 7 days. This measure does not have a range given it is directly dependent upon number of minutes of physical activity per week. The intensity ranges from moderate (similar to a brisk walk), hard (similar to a jog), and very hard (similar to a run).
Time Frame
6 months
Title
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Description
This scale is a continuous measure of postpartum depression. Range is 0-30 and a score of 10 or above may be considered depressed. Higher scores indicate higher depression.
Time Frame
6 Months
Title
PHQ-9
Description
Continuous measure of depression. Scoring is on a scale of 0-27 1-4 Minimal depression 5-9 Mild depression 10-14 Moderate depression 15-19 Moderately severe depression 20-27 Severe depression
Time Frame
6 Months

10. Eligibility

Sex
Female
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: We will recruit healthy, sedentary (defined as exercising 60 minutes or less per week) women who are at least 18 years of age and at least 28 weeks pregnant or less than one month postpartum (n=120). Participants will be required to obtain written consent from their healthcare provider to participate. This written consent will be obtained following delivery of the newborn. Participants will complete a telephone screening interview to assess eligibility. Current depressive episode will be assessed using the PHQ-9 (cut-off will be 10 or higher). As we have done in previous trials, we will have a protocol in place that deals with participants expressing suicidal ideation ranging from referring them to their healthcare provider and/or calling emergency assistance, depending on intent. To be included, participants must be willing to be randomly assigned to either of the two study arms. Additionally, participants will read and sign a consent form approved by the University of Minnesota and have all of their questions will be answered prior to participating. Exclusion Criteria: No healthcare provider consent to participate Pre-existing hypertension or diabetes Current participation in exercise (defined as exercising 60 or more minutes per week) Currently enrolled in another exercise or weight management study Less than 18 years of age Another member of household participating in the study Unable to speak, comprehend, read, or write fluently in the English language Unable to walk for 30 minutes continuously Musculoskeletal problems such as arthritis, gout, osteoporosis, or back, hip or knee pain that may interfere with exercising Exercise-induced asthma Any condition that would make exercise unsafe or unwise Taking medication that interferes with heart rate response to exercise such as beta blockers Hospitalization for a psychiatric disorder in the past six months Current depressive episode and/or currently receiving antidepressant medication or psychotherapy for depression (those who are depressed and who are not in treatment will be referred to their physician or psychiatrist for follow-up care) In addition to the initial exclusion criteria listed above, we will withdraw the exercise intervention and instruct the participant to contact their healthcare provider if the participant develops a medical issue in which exercise would be unsafe.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Beth A Lewis, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
University of Minnesota
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
University of Minnesota
City
Minneapolis
State/Province
Minnesota
ZIP/Postal Code
55455
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
No
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
29316912
Citation
Lewis BA, Gjerdingen D, Schuver K, Avery M, Marcus BH. The effect of sleep pattern changes on postpartum depressive symptoms. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Jan 9;18(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0496-6.
Results Reference
derived
PubMed Identifier
28480799
Citation
Lewis BA, Billing L, Schuver K, Gjerdingen D, Avery M, Marcus BH. The relationship between employment status and depression symptomatology among women at risk for postpartum depression. Womens Health (Lond). 2017 Apr;13(1):3-9. doi: 10.1177/1745505717708475. Epub 2017 May 7.
Results Reference
derived

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The Effect of Exercise on Preventing PostPartum Depression

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