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Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Apremilast (CC-10004) in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. (ESTEEM 2)

Primary Purpose

Plaque Psoriasis

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
International
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Apremilast
Placebo
Topical or Phototherapy Therapy
Sponsored by
Amgen
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Plaque Psoriasis

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Males or females, ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent document
  2. Diagnosis of chronic plaque psoriasis for at least 12 months prior to Screening

    a. Have moderate to severe plaque psoriasis at Screening and Baseline

  3. Must meet all laboratory criteria
  4. Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative pregnancy test at Screening and Baseline. FCBP who engage in activity in which conception is possible must use 2 forms of contraception as described by the Study Doctor while on study medication and for at least 28 days after taking the last dose of study medication
  5. Male subjects (including those who have had a vasectomy) who engage in activity in which conception is possible must use barrier contraception (latex condom or any nonlatex condom NOT made out of natural [animal] membrane [eg, polyurethane]) while on study medication and for a least 28 days after the last dose of study medication.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Other than psoriasis, history of any clinically significant (as determined by the Investigator) or other major uncontrolled disease.
  2. Pregnant or breast feeding
  3. History of allergy to any component of the study drug
  4. Hepatitis B surface antigen positive at Screening
  5. Anti-hepatitis C antibody positive at Screening
  6. Active tuberculosis (TB) or a history of incompletely treated TB
  7. Clinically significant abnormality on 12-Lead ECG at Screening
  8. Clinically significant abnormal chest x-ray
  9. History of positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or have congenital or acquired immunodeficiency
  10. Active substance abuse or a history of substance abuse within 6 months prior to Screening
  11. Bacterial infections requiring treatment with oral or injectable antibiotics, or significant viral or fungal infections, within 4 weeks of Screening
  12. Malignancy or history of malignancy (except for treated [ie, cured] basal cell or squamous cell in situ skin carcinomas and treated [ie, cured] cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] or carcinoma in situ of the cervix with no evidence of recurrence within the previous 5 years)
  13. Psoriasis flare or rebound within 4 weeks prior to Screening
  14. Evidence of skin conditions that would interfere with clinical assessments
  15. Topical therapy within 2 weeks of randomization
  16. Systemic therapy for psoriasis within 4 weeks prior to randomization
  17. Use of phototherapy within 4 weeks prior to randomization (ie, UVB, PUVA)
  18. Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, or certolizumab pegol within 12 weeks prior to randomization
  19. Alefacept, briakinumab, or ustekinumab within 24 weeks prior to randomization
  20. Use of any investigational drug within 4 weeks prior to randomization
  21. Prolonged sun exposure or use of tanning booths or other ultraviolet (UV) light sources
  22. Prior treatment with apremilast

Sites / Locations

  • Arizona Skin and Laser Therapy Inst., Ltd.
  • Burke Pharmaceutical Research
  • Bakersfield Dermatology and Skin Cancer Medical Group
  • Dermatology Research Associates
  • Clinical Science Institute
  • Florida Academic Dermatology Center
  • Advanced Medical Research
  • MedaPhase Inc.
  • Northwestern University Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation
  • Tufts Medical Center
  • PMG Research of Winston-Salem
  • Wake Forest University Health Sciences
  • Clinical Partners, LLC
  • Radiant Research, Inc.
  • Austin Dermatology Associates
  • Modern Research Associates PLLC
  • Center for Clinical Studies
  • Center for Clinical Studies
  • Virginia Medical Research
  • Medizinische Universitat Wien, Universitatsklinik fur Dermatologie. Abteilung fur Immundermatologie
  • Northwest Dermatology and Laser Centre
  • Stratica Medical
  • NewLab Clinical Research
  • Skin Center for Dermatology
  • Windsor Clinical Research Inc.
  • Q & T Research Sherbrooke Inc.
  • Centre de Recherche Dermatologique du Quebec Metropolitain CRDQ
  • Bispebjerg Hospital
  • Centre d'lnvestigation Clinique, Hopital Jean Minjoz
  • Hospital haut leveque
  • Larrey University Hospital
  • Dr. med. Beatrice Gerlach
  • Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf / IVDP
  • Universitäts-Hautklinik Kiel
  • Universitatsklinikum Leipzig
  • Hautarztpraxis Mahlow
  • Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
  • Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS Dermatologia Clinica
  • A.O.U. Integrata di Verona Universitá degli Studi di Verona Sezione di Dermatologia e Venerologia
  • Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon
  • Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol
  • Hospital Abente y Lago
  • Hospital Universitario La Princesa
  • Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
  • Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve-HUG
  • University of Zurich Hospital

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Placebo Comparator

Arm Label

Apremilast

Placebo

Arm Description

Participants were initially randomized 2:1 and received apremilast 30 mg twice a day (BID). Participants maintained dosing through Week 32. At Week 32, responders, those with a Psoriasis Area Severity Index response -≥75 (PASI-75) and partial responders (≥PASI-50) were re-randomized 1:1 to apremilast 30 mg BID or matching placebo (treatment withdrawal). Participants could resume apremilast 30 mg BID at the time of loss of 50% of improvement in PASI score response which was observed at Week 32 compared to baseline), and no later than Week 52. At Week 52, the non-responders (<PASI-50) had the option of adding topical therapies and/or phototherapy to their treatment regimen. Those re-randomized to apremilast 30 mg BID continued dosing through Week 52. At Week 52, participants continued treatment with apremilast 30 mg BID.

Participants will be initially randomized to placebo, identically matching during Weeks 0-16. At Week 16, Placebo participants will be switched to receive apremilast 30 mg BID. All participants will maintain Apremilast dosing through Week 32. At Week 32, participants originally randomized to placebo at baseline (Week 0) and are considered non-responders i( < PASI-50) will have the option of adding topical therapies and/or phototherapy to their Apremilast treatment regimen. At Week 52, all participants will continue treatment with apremilast 30 mg BID. Participants will be followed and evaluated for safety and efficacy for up to an additional 4 years (years 2 through 5).

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Percentage of Participants Who Achieved at Least a 75% Improvement (Response) in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI-75) at Week 16 From Baseline
PASI-75 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. The PASI is a measure of psoriatic disease severity taking into account qualitative lesion characteristics (erythema, thickness, and scaling) and degree of skin surface area involvement on defined anatomical regions. PASI scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) Score of Clear (0) or Almost Clear (1) With at Least 2 Points Reduction From Baseline
The sPGA was a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (clear), 1 (almost clear), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), to 4 (severe), incorporating an assessment of the severity of the three primary signs of the disease: erythema, scaling and plaque elevation. When making the assessment of overall severity, the Investigator must have factored in areas that have already been cleared (ie, have scores of 0) and not just evaluate remaining lesions for severity, ie, the severity of each sign was averaged across all areas of involvement, including cleared lesions. In the event of different severities across disease signs, the sign that is the predominant feature of the disease should be used to help determine the sPGA score.
Percent Change From Baseline in the Affected Body Surface Area (BSA) at Week 16
BSA was a measurement of involved skin. The overall BSA affected by psoriasis was estimated based on the palm area of the participant's hand (entire palmar surface or "handprint" including the fingers), which equates to approximately 1% of total body surface area. BSA percent change from baseline (Visit 2 Week 0) was determined at each visit of the study, which is calculated as 100*(visit BSA - baseline BSA) / baseline BSA (%).
Percent Change From Baseline in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) Score at Week 16
Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The total qualitative score (sum of erythema, thickness, and scaling scores) is multiplied by the degree of involvement for each anatomic region and then multiplied by a constant. These values for each anatomic region are summed to yield the PASI score. The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a 50% Improvement (Response) in the PASI Score (PASI-50) at Week 16 From Baseline
PASI-50 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 50% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at Week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. The PASI is a measure of psoriatic disease severity taking into account qualitative lesion characteristics (erythema, thickness, and scaling) and degree of skin surface area involvement on defined anatomical regions. PASI scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.
Change From Baseline in Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score at Week 16
The Pruritus Visual Analog Scores (VAS) were used to measure the amount of itching and discomfort a participant experiences. Participant's Assessment of Pruritus (Itch) asked: On average, how much itch have you had because of your condition in the past week? All VAS values range from 0 to 100. Higher scores correspond to more severe symptom or disease. Change from baseline was calculated for the VAS scale, where change = visit value - baseline value.
Change From Baseline in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) Total Score at Week 16
DLQI is a simple, compact, and practical questionnaire for use in a dermatology clinical setting to assess limitations related to the impact of skin disease. The instrument contains ten items dealing with the participant's skin. With the exception of Item Number 7, the participant responds on a four-point scale, ranging from "Very Much" (score 3) to "Not at All" or "Not relevant" (score 0). Item Number 7 is a multi-part item, the first part of which ascertains whether the participant's skin prevented them from working or studying (Yes or No, scores 3 or 0 respectively), and if "No," then the subject is asked how much of a problem the skin has been at work or study over the past week, with response alternatives being "A lot," "A little," or "Not at all" (scores 2, 1, or 0 respectively). The DLQI total score was derived by summing all item scores, which has a possible range of 0 to 30, with 30 corresponding to the worst quality of life, and 0 corresponding to the best.
Change From Baseline in the Mental Component Summary (MSC) Score of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36-item (SF-36) Health Survey Version 2.0 at Week 16
The SF-36 was a 36-item general health instrument and consists of 8 scales: physical function (PF), role limitations-physical (RP), vitality (VT), general health perceptions (GH), bodily pain (BP), social function (SF), role limitations-emotional (RE), and mental health (MH). Scale scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. Two overall summary scores were obtained - a Physical Component Summary score (PCS) and a Mental Component Summary score (MCS). Scores from the 8 scales, PCS and MCS were transformed to the norm-based scores using weights from U.S. general population, with 50 as the average and 10 as the standard deviation, higher scores indicating better health. For norm based scores, change from baseline were calculated for the 8 scales and the two summary scales, where change = visit value - baseline value.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Both a 75% Improvement (Response) in the PASI and sPGA Score of Clear (0) or Almost Clear (1) With at Least 2 Points Reduction at Week 16 From Baseline
PASI-75 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at Week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. See Outcome measure #1 for further description. sPGA is a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (clear), 1 (almost clear), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), to 4 (severe), incorporating an assessment of the severity of the three primary signs of the disease: erythema, scaling and plaque elevation. See Outcome Measure #2 for further description.
Time to Loss of Effect (Loss of 50% Improvement in PASI Score Obtained at Week 32 Compared to Baseline) During the Randomized Treatment Withdrawal Phase
Time to loss was the time between the re-randomization date and the date of the first assessment with loss of 50% PASI improvement (event), or the time between the re-randomization date and the date of the last PASI assessment in the randomized withdrawal phase prior to addition of topical/phototherapy or other effective psoriasis therapies, or resumption of apremilast 30 mg BID, or discontinuation, or Week 52 if no loss (censored), whichever was earlier
Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) in the Placebo Controlled Phase
An AE was any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence, that may appear or worsen in a participant during the course of study. It may be a new intercurrent illness, a worsening concomitant illness, an injury, or any concomitant impairment of the participant's health, including laboratory test values regardless of etiology. Any worsening (ie, any clinically significant adverse change in the frequency or intensity of a preexisting condition) was considered an AE. A serious AE (SAE) is any untoward adverse event that is fatal, life-threatening, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, requires or prolongs existing in-patient hospitalization, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or is a condition that may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed above. An AE is a treatment emergent AE if the AE start date is on or after the date of the first dose of study drug and no later than 28 days after the last dose.
Number of Participants With Psoriasis Flare or Rebound in the Placebo Controlled Phase
Psoriasis flare was defined as a sudden intensification of psoriasis requiring medical intervention, or a diagnosis of new generalized erythrodermic, inflammatory, or pustular psoriasis. Rebound is defined as a severe and sudden worsening of disease that occurs after treatment has been discontinued. Note categories below. [1] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis) started on or after the first dose date and on or before the last dose date within the phase. [2] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis, Rebound psoriasis) started after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase. [3] PASI >= 125% of baseline score at any visit after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase and were not included in [1] and/or [2].
Number of Participants With TEAEs During the Apremilast-Exposure Period Through Week 260
The Apremilast-exposure Period started on the date of the first dose of apremilast (Week 0 for participants originally randomized to apremilast or Week 16 for participants originally randomized to placebo) to the last dose of apremilast. Adverse events that started after 28 days of initiating placebo and before resuming apremilast treatment in the Randomized Treatment Withdrawal Phase (Weeks 32 to 52) were excluded in the Apremilast-exposure phase. A serious AE (SAE) is any untoward adverse event that is fatal, life-threatening, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, requires or prolongs existing in-patient hospitalization, is a congenital anomaly or birth defect, or a condition that may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed above. An AE is a treatment emergent AE if the AE start date is on or after the date of the first dose of study drug and no later than 28 days after the last dose.
Number of Participants With Psoriasis Flare or Rebound in the Apremilast-Exposure Period
Psoriasis flare was defined as a sudden intensification of psoriasis requiring medical intervention, or a diagnosis of new generalized erythrodermic, inflammatory, or pustular psoriasis. Rebound is defined as a severe and sudden worsening of disease that occurs after treatment has been discontinued. Note categories below. [1] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis) started on or after the first dose date and on or before the last dose date within the phase. [2] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis, Rebound psoriasis) started after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase. [3] PASI >= 125% of baseline score at any visit after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase and were not included in [1] and/or [2].

Full Information

First Posted
October 29, 2010
Last Updated
March 3, 2022
Sponsor
Amgen
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT01232283
Brief Title
Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Apremilast (CC-10004) in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis.
Acronym
ESTEEM 2
Official Title
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy and Safety Study of Apremilast (CC-10004) in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
April 2020
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
November 22, 2010 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
March 15, 2012 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
November 30, 2016 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Amgen

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This study will evaluate the effects of an experimental (being tested) study drug called apremilast. Apremilast works by lowering some of the chemicals that affect psoriasis and therefore improves the symptoms of psoriasis. The purpose of this study is to test apremilast and compare its effects to placebo (an inactive substance which contains no medicine but is in the same form as the drug). This study will test efficacy (improvement of signs and symptoms) and safety of apremilast in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Plaque Psoriasis

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 3
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
ParticipantCare ProviderInvestigatorOutcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
413 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Apremilast
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants were initially randomized 2:1 and received apremilast 30 mg twice a day (BID). Participants maintained dosing through Week 32. At Week 32, responders, those with a Psoriasis Area Severity Index response -≥75 (PASI-75) and partial responders (≥PASI-50) were re-randomized 1:1 to apremilast 30 mg BID or matching placebo (treatment withdrawal). Participants could resume apremilast 30 mg BID at the time of loss of 50% of improvement in PASI score response which was observed at Week 32 compared to baseline), and no later than Week 52. At Week 52, the non-responders (<PASI-50) had the option of adding topical therapies and/or phototherapy to their treatment regimen. Those re-randomized to apremilast 30 mg BID continued dosing through Week 52. At Week 52, participants continued treatment with apremilast 30 mg BID.
Arm Title
Placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Participants will be initially randomized to placebo, identically matching during Weeks 0-16. At Week 16, Placebo participants will be switched to receive apremilast 30 mg BID. All participants will maintain Apremilast dosing through Week 32. At Week 32, participants originally randomized to placebo at baseline (Week 0) and are considered non-responders i( < PASI-50) will have the option of adding topical therapies and/or phototherapy to their Apremilast treatment regimen. At Week 52, all participants will continue treatment with apremilast 30 mg BID. Participants will be followed and evaluated for safety and efficacy for up to an additional 4 years (years 2 through 5).
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Apremilast
Other Intervention Name(s)
CC-10004, Otezla
Intervention Description
Apremilast 30mg by mouth (PO) twice a day (BID) for 32 weeks
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Placebo
Intervention Description
Identically matching placebo by mouth BID for first 16 weeks. Placebo participants will be switched to receive apremilast 30 mg BID at Week 16-32.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Topical or Phototherapy Therapy
Intervention Description
Topical therapies such as low-potency or weak corticosteroids or phototherapies such as light therapy are added for non-responders at Week 32, (< PASI-50) and added to their treatment regimen. The decision to add these treatments during this phase can only be made at the Week 32 visit.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved at Least a 75% Improvement (Response) in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI-75) at Week 16 From Baseline
Description
PASI-75 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. The PASI is a measure of psoriatic disease severity taking into account qualitative lesion characteristics (erythema, thickness, and scaling) and degree of skin surface area involvement on defined anatomical regions. PASI scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.
Time Frame
Baseline to Week 16
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) Score of Clear (0) or Almost Clear (1) With at Least 2 Points Reduction From Baseline
Description
The sPGA was a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (clear), 1 (almost clear), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), to 4 (severe), incorporating an assessment of the severity of the three primary signs of the disease: erythema, scaling and plaque elevation. When making the assessment of overall severity, the Investigator must have factored in areas that have already been cleared (ie, have scores of 0) and not just evaluate remaining lesions for severity, ie, the severity of each sign was averaged across all areas of involvement, including cleared lesions. In the event of different severities across disease signs, the sign that is the predominant feature of the disease should be used to help determine the sPGA score.
Time Frame
Baseline to Week 16
Title
Percent Change From Baseline in the Affected Body Surface Area (BSA) at Week 16
Description
BSA was a measurement of involved skin. The overall BSA affected by psoriasis was estimated based on the palm area of the participant's hand (entire palmar surface or "handprint" including the fingers), which equates to approximately 1% of total body surface area. BSA percent change from baseline (Visit 2 Week 0) was determined at each visit of the study, which is calculated as 100*(visit BSA - baseline BSA) / baseline BSA (%).
Time Frame
Baseline and Week 16
Title
Percent Change From Baseline in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) Score at Week 16
Description
Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The total qualitative score (sum of erythema, thickness, and scaling scores) is multiplied by the degree of involvement for each anatomic region and then multiplied by a constant. These values for each anatomic region are summed to yield the PASI score. The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.
Time Frame
Baseline and Week 16
Title
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a 50% Improvement (Response) in the PASI Score (PASI-50) at Week 16 From Baseline
Description
PASI-50 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 50% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at Week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. The PASI is a measure of psoriatic disease severity taking into account qualitative lesion characteristics (erythema, thickness, and scaling) and degree of skin surface area involvement on defined anatomical regions. PASI scores range from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater disease severity. Erythema, thickness, and scaling are scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on 4 anatomic regions of the body: head, trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Degree of involvement on each of the 4 anatomic regions is scored on a scale of 0 (no involvement) to 6 (90% to 100% involvement). The PASI score was set to missing if any severity score or degree of involvement is missing.
Time Frame
Baseline and Week 16
Title
Change From Baseline in Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score at Week 16
Description
The Pruritus Visual Analog Scores (VAS) were used to measure the amount of itching and discomfort a participant experiences. Participant's Assessment of Pruritus (Itch) asked: On average, how much itch have you had because of your condition in the past week? All VAS values range from 0 to 100. Higher scores correspond to more severe symptom or disease. Change from baseline was calculated for the VAS scale, where change = visit value - baseline value.
Time Frame
Baseline and Week 16
Title
Change From Baseline in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) Total Score at Week 16
Description
DLQI is a simple, compact, and practical questionnaire for use in a dermatology clinical setting to assess limitations related to the impact of skin disease. The instrument contains ten items dealing with the participant's skin. With the exception of Item Number 7, the participant responds on a four-point scale, ranging from "Very Much" (score 3) to "Not at All" or "Not relevant" (score 0). Item Number 7 is a multi-part item, the first part of which ascertains whether the participant's skin prevented them from working or studying (Yes or No, scores 3 or 0 respectively), and if "No," then the subject is asked how much of a problem the skin has been at work or study over the past week, with response alternatives being "A lot," "A little," or "Not at all" (scores 2, 1, or 0 respectively). The DLQI total score was derived by summing all item scores, which has a possible range of 0 to 30, with 30 corresponding to the worst quality of life, and 0 corresponding to the best.
Time Frame
Baseline and Week 16
Title
Change From Baseline in the Mental Component Summary (MSC) Score of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36-item (SF-36) Health Survey Version 2.0 at Week 16
Description
The SF-36 was a 36-item general health instrument and consists of 8 scales: physical function (PF), role limitations-physical (RP), vitality (VT), general health perceptions (GH), bodily pain (BP), social function (SF), role limitations-emotional (RE), and mental health (MH). Scale scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. Two overall summary scores were obtained - a Physical Component Summary score (PCS) and a Mental Component Summary score (MCS). Scores from the 8 scales, PCS and MCS were transformed to the norm-based scores using weights from U.S. general population, with 50 as the average and 10 as the standard deviation, higher scores indicating better health. For norm based scores, change from baseline were calculated for the 8 scales and the two summary scales, where change = visit value - baseline value.
Time Frame
Baseline to Week 16
Title
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Both a 75% Improvement (Response) in the PASI and sPGA Score of Clear (0) or Almost Clear (1) With at Least 2 Points Reduction at Week 16 From Baseline
Description
PASI-75 response is the percentage of participants who achieved at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from baseline in PASI score at Week 16. The improvement in PASI score was used as a measure of efficacy. See Outcome measure #1 for further description. sPGA is a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (clear), 1 (almost clear), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), to 4 (severe), incorporating an assessment of the severity of the three primary signs of the disease: erythema, scaling and plaque elevation. See Outcome Measure #2 for further description.
Time Frame
Baseline to Week 16
Title
Time to Loss of Effect (Loss of 50% Improvement in PASI Score Obtained at Week 32 Compared to Baseline) During the Randomized Treatment Withdrawal Phase
Description
Time to loss was the time between the re-randomization date and the date of the first assessment with loss of 50% PASI improvement (event), or the time between the re-randomization date and the date of the last PASI assessment in the randomized withdrawal phase prior to addition of topical/phototherapy or other effective psoriasis therapies, or resumption of apremilast 30 mg BID, or discontinuation, or Week 52 if no loss (censored), whichever was earlier
Time Frame
Weeks 32 to Week 52
Title
Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) in the Placebo Controlled Phase
Description
An AE was any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence, that may appear or worsen in a participant during the course of study. It may be a new intercurrent illness, a worsening concomitant illness, an injury, or any concomitant impairment of the participant's health, including laboratory test values regardless of etiology. Any worsening (ie, any clinically significant adverse change in the frequency or intensity of a preexisting condition) was considered an AE. A serious AE (SAE) is any untoward adverse event that is fatal, life-threatening, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, requires or prolongs existing in-patient hospitalization, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or is a condition that may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed above. An AE is a treatment emergent AE if the AE start date is on or after the date of the first dose of study drug and no later than 28 days after the last dose.
Time Frame
Baseline to Week 16
Title
Number of Participants With Psoriasis Flare or Rebound in the Placebo Controlled Phase
Description
Psoriasis flare was defined as a sudden intensification of psoriasis requiring medical intervention, or a diagnosis of new generalized erythrodermic, inflammatory, or pustular psoriasis. Rebound is defined as a severe and sudden worsening of disease that occurs after treatment has been discontinued. Note categories below. [1] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis) started on or after the first dose date and on or before the last dose date within the phase. [2] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis, Rebound psoriasis) started after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase. [3] PASI >= 125% of baseline score at any visit after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase and were not included in [1] and/or [2].
Time Frame
Week 0 to Week 16
Title
Number of Participants With TEAEs During the Apremilast-Exposure Period Through Week 260
Description
The Apremilast-exposure Period started on the date of the first dose of apremilast (Week 0 for participants originally randomized to apremilast or Week 16 for participants originally randomized to placebo) to the last dose of apremilast. Adverse events that started after 28 days of initiating placebo and before resuming apremilast treatment in the Randomized Treatment Withdrawal Phase (Weeks 32 to 52) were excluded in the Apremilast-exposure phase. A serious AE (SAE) is any untoward adverse event that is fatal, life-threatening, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, requires or prolongs existing in-patient hospitalization, is a congenital anomaly or birth defect, or a condition that may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed above. An AE is a treatment emergent AE if the AE start date is on or after the date of the first dose of study drug and no later than 28 days after the last dose.
Time Frame
Week 0 to Week 260; The mean duration of exposure was 100.66 weeks.
Title
Number of Participants With Psoriasis Flare or Rebound in the Apremilast-Exposure Period
Description
Psoriasis flare was defined as a sudden intensification of psoriasis requiring medical intervention, or a diagnosis of new generalized erythrodermic, inflammatory, or pustular psoriasis. Rebound is defined as a severe and sudden worsening of disease that occurs after treatment has been discontinued. Note categories below. [1] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis) started on or after the first dose date and on or before the last dose date within the phase. [2] Psoriasis adverse events (ie, preferred term as Guttate psoriasis, Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis, Rebound psoriasis) started after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase. [3] PASI >= 125% of baseline score at any visit after the last dose date for participants who discontinued within the phase and were not included in [1] and/or [2].
Time Frame
Week 0 to Week 260

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Males or females, ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent document Diagnosis of chronic plaque psoriasis for at least 12 months prior to Screening a. Have moderate to severe plaque psoriasis at Screening and Baseline Must meet all laboratory criteria Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative pregnancy test at Screening and Baseline. FCBP who engage in activity in which conception is possible must use 2 forms of contraception as described by the Study Doctor while on study medication and for at least 28 days after taking the last dose of study medication Male subjects (including those who have had a vasectomy) who engage in activity in which conception is possible must use barrier contraception (latex condom or any nonlatex condom NOT made out of natural [animal] membrane [eg, polyurethane]) while on study medication and for a least 28 days after the last dose of study medication. Exclusion Criteria: Other than psoriasis, history of any clinically significant (as determined by the Investigator) or other major uncontrolled disease. Pregnant or breast feeding History of allergy to any component of the study drug Hepatitis B surface antigen positive at Screening Anti-hepatitis C antibody positive at Screening Active tuberculosis (TB) or a history of incompletely treated TB Clinically significant abnormality on 12-Lead ECG at Screening Clinically significant abnormal chest x-ray History of positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or have congenital or acquired immunodeficiency Active substance abuse or a history of substance abuse within 6 months prior to Screening Bacterial infections requiring treatment with oral or injectable antibiotics, or significant viral or fungal infections, within 4 weeks of Screening Malignancy or history of malignancy (except for treated [ie, cured] basal cell or squamous cell in situ skin carcinomas and treated [ie, cured] cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] or carcinoma in situ of the cervix with no evidence of recurrence within the previous 5 years) Psoriasis flare or rebound within 4 weeks prior to Screening Evidence of skin conditions that would interfere with clinical assessments Topical therapy within 2 weeks of randomization Systemic therapy for psoriasis within 4 weeks prior to randomization Use of phototherapy within 4 weeks prior to randomization (ie, UVB, PUVA) Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, or certolizumab pegol within 12 weeks prior to randomization Alefacept, briakinumab, or ustekinumab within 24 weeks prior to randomization Use of any investigational drug within 4 weeks prior to randomization Prolonged sun exposure or use of tanning booths or other ultraviolet (UV) light sources Prior treatment with apremilast
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
MD
Organizational Affiliation
Amgen
Official's Role
Study Director
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Arizona Skin and Laser Therapy Inst., Ltd.
City
Phoenix
State/Province
Arizona
ZIP/Postal Code
85023
Country
United States
Facility Name
Burke Pharmaceutical Research
City
Hot Springs
State/Province
Arkansas
ZIP/Postal Code
71913
Country
United States
Facility Name
Bakersfield Dermatology and Skin Cancer Medical Group
City
Bakersfield
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
93309
Country
United States
Facility Name
Dermatology Research Associates
City
Los Angeles
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
90045
Country
United States
Facility Name
Clinical Science Institute
City
Santa Monica
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
90404
Country
United States
Facility Name
Florida Academic Dermatology Center
City
Miami
State/Province
Florida
ZIP/Postal Code
33136
Country
United States
Facility Name
Advanced Medical Research
City
Atlanta
State/Province
Georgia
ZIP/Postal Code
30342
Country
United States
Facility Name
MedaPhase Inc.
City
Newnan
State/Province
Georgia
ZIP/Postal Code
30263
Country
United States
Facility Name
Northwestern University Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation
City
Chicago
State/Province
Illinois
ZIP/Postal Code
60611
Country
United States
Facility Name
Tufts Medical Center
City
Boston
State/Province
Massachusetts
ZIP/Postal Code
02111
Country
United States
Facility Name
PMG Research of Winston-Salem
City
Winston-Salem
State/Province
North Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
27103
Country
United States
Facility Name
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
City
Winston-Salem
State/Province
North Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
27104
Country
United States
Facility Name
Clinical Partners, LLC
City
Johnston
State/Province
Rhode Island
ZIP/Postal Code
02919
Country
United States
Facility Name
Radiant Research, Inc.
City
Anderson
State/Province
South Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
29560
Country
United States
Facility Name
Austin Dermatology Associates
City
Austin
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
78705
Country
United States
Facility Name
Modern Research Associates PLLC
City
Dallas
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
75231
Country
United States
Facility Name
Center for Clinical Studies
City
Houston
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
77004
Country
United States
Facility Name
Center for Clinical Studies
City
Webster
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
77598
Country
United States
Facility Name
Virginia Medical Research
City
Norfolk
State/Province
Virginia
ZIP/Postal Code
23507
Country
United States
Facility Name
Medizinische Universitat Wien, Universitatsklinik fur Dermatologie. Abteilung fur Immundermatologie
City
Vienna
ZIP/Postal Code
1090
Country
Austria
Facility Name
Northwest Dermatology and Laser Centre
City
Calgary
State/Province
Alberta
ZIP/Postal Code
T3G 0B4
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Stratica Medical
City
Edmonton
State/Province
Alberta
ZIP/Postal Code
T5K 1X3
Country
Canada
Facility Name
NewLab Clinical Research
City
St. John's
State/Province
Newfoundland and Labrador
ZIP/Postal Code
A1C 2H5
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Skin Center for Dermatology
City
Peterborough
State/Province
Ontario
ZIP/Postal Code
K9J 5K2
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Windsor Clinical Research Inc.
City
Winsor
State/Province
Ontario
ZIP/Postal Code
N8W 5L7
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Q & T Research Sherbrooke Inc.
City
Sherbrooke
State/Province
Quebec
ZIP/Postal Code
J1H 4J6
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Centre de Recherche Dermatologique du Quebec Metropolitain CRDQ
City
Quebec
ZIP/Postal Code
G1V 4X7
Country
Canada
Facility Name
Bispebjerg Hospital
City
Copenhagen
ZIP/Postal Code
2400
Country
Denmark
Facility Name
Centre d'lnvestigation Clinique, Hopital Jean Minjoz
City
Besancon
ZIP/Postal Code
25030
Country
France
Facility Name
Hospital haut leveque
City
Pessac
ZIP/Postal Code
33604
Country
France
Facility Name
Larrey University Hospital
City
Toulouse
ZIP/Postal Code
31000
Country
France
Facility Name
Dr. med. Beatrice Gerlach
City
Dresden
ZIP/Postal Code
01097
Country
Germany
Facility Name
Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf / IVDP
City
Hamburg
ZIP/Postal Code
D-20246
Country
Germany
Facility Name
Universitäts-Hautklinik Kiel
City
Kiel
ZIP/Postal Code
24105
Country
Germany
Facility Name
Universitatsklinikum Leipzig
City
Leipzig
ZIP/Postal Code
04103
Country
Germany
Facility Name
Hautarztpraxis Mahlow
City
Mahlow
ZIP/Postal Code
15831
Country
Germany
Facility Name
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
City
Napoli
ZIP/Postal Code
80131
Country
Italy
Facility Name
Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano IRCCS Dermatologia Clinica
City
Rome
ZIP/Postal Code
00144
Country
Italy
Facility Name
A.O.U. Integrata di Verona Universitá degli Studi di Verona Sezione di Dermatologia e Venerologia
City
Verona
ZIP/Postal Code
37126
Country
Italy
Facility Name
Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon
City
Alcorcón
ZIP/Postal Code
28922
Country
Spain
Facility Name
Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol
City
Badalona (Barcelona)
ZIP/Postal Code
8916
Country
Spain
Facility Name
Hospital Abente y Lago
City
La Coruna
ZIP/Postal Code
15006
Country
Spain
Facility Name
Hospital Universitario La Princesa
City
Madrid
ZIP/Postal Code
28006
Country
Spain
Facility Name
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
City
Madrid
ZIP/Postal Code
28041
Country
Spain
Facility Name
Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve-HUG
City
Geneva
ZIP/Postal Code
1205
Country
Switzerland
Facility Name
University of Zurich Hospital
City
Zurich
ZIP/Postal Code
8091
Country
Switzerland

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
34255891
Citation
Reich K, Mrowietz U, Menter A, Griffiths CEM, Bagel J, Strober B, Nunez Gomez N, Shi R, Guerette B, Lebwohl M. Effect of baseline disease severity on achievement of treatment target with apremilast: results from a pooled analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Dec;35(12):2409-2414. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17520. Epub 2021 Aug 23.
Results Reference
background

Learn more about this trial

Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Apremilast (CC-10004) in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis.

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