Cyclophosphamide for Prevention of Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Hematological Malignancies
Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Adult Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (M7)
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in morphologic first complete remission (CR1) with high risk features defined as, but not limited to: evidence of adverse cytogenetics such as t(9;22), t(1;19), t(4;11), or mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) rearrangements; presence of minimal residual disease; progenitor B-cell immunophenotype; high white blood cells (WBC) at diagnosis (> 30,000/ul in B-ALL; > 100,000/ul in T-ALL); or delayed attainment of CR (> 4 weeks) after induction therapy; additional clinical characteristics deemed to confer a high relapse risk may be discussed with and approved by the Principal Investigator (PI)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in CR1 EXCEPT patients with low-risk features defined as:
- Inv 16 or t(8;21) in the absence of c-kit mutations
- Normal karyotype who are FLT3-ITD-negative and NPM1-positive in the absence of c-kit mutations
- Patients with respective "low-risk" features are eligible, however, if (i) more than 1 cycle of induction therapy was required to achieve CR1 (ii) the patient had a preceding myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) other than myelofibrosis, or (iii) secondary AML
- Acute leukemia in 2nd or greater CR (CR >= 2)
- Refractory or relapsed AML with =< 10% bone marrow blasts and no circulating blasts or proven extramedullary disease
- AML transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with < 10% bone marrow blasts
MDS with following high risk features:
- High risk cytogenetics (including, but not limited to: 7q--, inv[3], t[3q], del[3q] or complex karyotype)
- International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) intermediate (INT)-2 or greater
- Treatment-related MDS
- Any phase of MDS if patient is < 21 years of age
- Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) beyond 1st chronic phase or resistant or intolerant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (adults) or any phase (pediatric < 21 years)
- Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
- Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative disorder
- Lymphoma: relapsed chemotherapy-sensitive (complete or partial response) Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Multiple myeloma-stage III
- The patient or legal representative must be able to understand and give written informed consent
- DONORS: The donor must be a genotypically HLA-identical sibling, a phenotypically HLA-matched first-degree relative, or an unrelated donor who is molecularly matched with the patient at HLA-A, B, C, DRB1
- DONORS: Donors must meet the selection criteria for administration of G-CSF (filgrastim) and apheresis defined by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cell Therapy (FACT) and will be screened per the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB)
- DONORS: Donors must be capable of giving informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant
- Performance status > 2 (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG]) or < 50 (Lansky; for patients < 16 years old)
- Uncontrolled infection; the protocol principal investigator (PI) will be final arbiter if there is uncertainty regarding whether a previous infection is under adequate control to allow enrollment in the study
- Positive serology for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1, 2 or human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1, 2
- Left ventricular ejection fraction < 45% or shortening fraction < 25%; no uncontrolled arrhythmias or symptomatic cardiac disease
- Symptomatic pulmonary disease; forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) =< 50% of predicted (corrected for hemoglobin); if pulmonary function tests cannot be performed, an oxygen saturation < 92% on room air
- Calculated (Cockcroft-Gault or appropriate calculation for pediatric patients) serum creatinine clearance =< 60 mL/min; if the calculated CrCl is 50-60 mL/min, but a measured CrCl by 24 hour urine collection is > 60 mL/min, this measurement is acceptable
- Total serum bilirubin more than twice upper normal limit
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) more than 3-fold higher than laboratory upper normal limits
- Female patient must have negative serum pregnancy test (all women of child bearing-potential must have test performed)
- DONORS: Potential donors who for psychological, physiological, or medical reasons cannot tolerate administration of G-CSF or apheresis
- DONORS: Donors who are allergic to filgrastim or Escherichia (E.) coli-derived proteins
- DONORS: Donor-related risks to recipients
- DONORS: Positive anti-donor lymphocytotoxic crossmatch
- DONORS: Donors who are positive for HIV
Sites / Locations
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/University of Washington Cancer Consortium
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Experimental
Treatment (TBI, PBSCT, and cyclophosphamide GVHD prophylaxis)
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive TBI BID on days -4 or -3 to -1. Some patients also receive fludarabine IV daily on days -5 to -2 and busulfan IV over 3 hours QD or over 2 hours every 6 hours on days -5 to -2. Patients may also undergo CNS prophylaxis, testicular irradiation, and/or involved field irradiation as per standard practice. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSCT on day 0 per standard practice. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1-2 hours on days 3-4. Patients also receive cyclosporine IV every 12 hours or every 8 hours beginning on day 5 with taper on days 56-126.