Phase 3 Study With Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone Versus Bortezomib and Dexamethasone for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma Patients (ENDEAVOR)
Multiple Myeloma

About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Multiple Myeloma focused on measuring multiple myeloma, relapsed multiple myeloma
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Multiple myeloma with relapsing or progressing disease at study entry.
Patients must have evaluable multiple myeloma with, at least one of the following (assessed within 21 days prior to randomization):
- Serum M-protein ≥ 0.5 g/dL, or
- Urine M-protein ≥ 200 mg/24 hour, or
- In patients without detectable serum or urine M-protein, serum free light chain (SFLC) > 100 mg/L (involved light chain) and an abnormal serum kappa/lamda ratio, or
- For immunoglobulin (Ig) A patients whose disease can only be reliably measured by serum quantitative immunoglobulin (qIgA) ≥ 750 mg/dL (0.75 g/dL).
- Patients must have documented at least partial response (PR) to at least 1 line of prior therapy. PR documentation can be based on Investigator assessment.
- Received 1, but no more than 3 prior treatment regimens or lines of therapy for multiple myeloma. (Induction therapy followed by stem cell transplant and consolidation/maintenance therapy will be considered as one line of therapy).
- Prior therapy with Velcade is allowed as long as the patient had at least a PR to prior Velcade therapy, was not removed from Velcade therapy due to toxicity, and will have at least a 6 month Velcade treatment-free interval from last dose received until first study treatment. (Patients may receive maintenance therapy with drugs that are not in the proteasome inhibitor class during this 6 month Velcade treatment-free interval).
- Prior therapy with carfilzomib is allowed as long as the patient had at least a PR to prior carfilzomib therapy, was not removed from carfilzomib therapy due to toxicity, and had at least a 6-month carfilzomib treatment-free interval from last dose received until first study treatment. (Patients may receive maintenance therapy with drugs that are not in the proteasome inhibitor class during this 6 month carfilzomib treatment-free interval). The exception to this is patients randomized or previously randomized in any other Onyx-Sponsored Phase 3 trial.
- Males and females ≥ 18 years of age.
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 to 2.
- Adequate hepatic function within 21 days prior to randomization, with bilirubin < 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 3 times the ULN.
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 40%.
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/mm³ within 21 days prior to randomization. Screening ANC should be independent of growth factor support for ≥ 1 week.
- Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL within 21 days prior to randomization. Use of erythropoietic stimulating factors and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions per institutional guidelines is allowed, however most recent RBC transfusion may not have been done within 7 days prior to obtaining screening hemoglobin.
- Platelet count ≥ 50,000/mm³ (≥ 30,000/mm³ if myeloma involvement in the bone marrow is > 50%) within 21 days prior to randomization. Patients should not have received platelet transfusions for at least 1 week prior to obtaining the screening platelet count.
Calculated or measured creatinine clearance (CrCl) of ≥ 15 mL/min within 21 days prior to randomization. Calculation should be based on standard formula such as the Cockcroft and Gault:
[(140 - Age) x Mass (kg) / (72 x Creatinine mg/dL)]; multiply result by 0.85 if female.
- Written informed consent in accordance with federal, local, and institutional guidelines.
- Female patients of child-bearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 21 days prior to randomization and agree to use an effective method of contraception during and for 3 months following last dose of drug (more frequent pregnancy tests may be conducted if required per local regulations). FCBP is defined as a sexually mature woman who: 1) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy or 2) has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months).
- Male patients must use an effective barrier method of contraception during study and for 3 months following the last dose if sexually active with a FCBP.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Multiple Myeloma of IgM subtype.
- Glucocorticoid therapy (prednisone > 30 mg/day or equivalent) within 14 days prior to randomization.
- POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes).
- Plasma cell leukemia or circulating plasma cells ≥ 2 × 10^9/L.
- Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia.
- Patients with known amyloidosis.
- Chemotherapy with approved or investigational anticancer therapeutics within 21 days prior to randomization.
- Patients randomized or previously randomized in any other Onyx-Sponsored Phase 3 trial.
- Focal radiation therapy within 7 days prior to randomization. Radiation therapy to an extended field involving a significant volume of bone marrow within 21 days prior to randomization (i.e., prior radiation must have been to less than 30% of the bone marrow).
- Immunotherapy within 21 days prior to randomization.
- Major surgery (excluding kyphoplasty) within 28 days prior to randomization.
- Active congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class III to IV), symptomatic ischemia, or conduction abnormalities uncontrolled by conventional intervention. Myocardial infarction within four months prior to randomization.
- Acute active infection requiring systemic antibiotics, antiviral (except antiviral therapy directed at hepatitis B) or antifungal agents within 14 days prior to randomization.
- Known human immunodeficiency (HIV) seropositive, hepatitis C infection, and/or hepatitis B (except for patients with hepatitis B surface antigen [SAg] or core antibody receiving and responding to antiviral therapy directed at hepatitis B: these patients are allowed).
- Patients with known cirrhosis.
Second malignancy within the past 3 years except:
- adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer
- carcinoma in situ of the cervix
- prostate cancer < Gleason score 6 with stable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over 12 months
- breast carcinoma in situ with full surgical resection
- treated medullary or papillary thyroid cancer
- Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
- Significant neuropathy (Grades 3 to 4, or Grade 2 with pain) within 14 days prior to randomization.
- Female patients who are pregnant or lactating.
- Known history of allergy to Captisol(a cyclodextrin derivative used to solubilize carfilzomib).
- Patients with hypersensitivity to carfilzomib, Velcade, boron, or mannitol.
- Patients with contraindication to dexamethasone.
- Contraindication to any of the required concomitant drugs or supportive treatments, including hypersensitivity to antiviral drugs, or intolerance to hydration due to preexisting pulmonary or cardiac impairment.
- Ongoing graft-vs-host disease.
- Patients with pleural effusions requiring thoracentesis or ascites requiring paracentesis within 14 days prior to randomization.
Sites / Locations
- Providence St. Joseph Medical Center
- UCSD Moore Cancer Center
- UCLA Medical Center
- Central Coast Medical Oncology Group
- Colorado Blood Cancer Institute
- MAB Oncology/Hematology
- Palm Beach Cancer Institute
- Winship Cancer Institute
- Hematology Oncology of Indiana, PC
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders
- Associates in Oncology/Hematology PC
- University of Michigan
- University of Kansas
- Hackensack University Medical Ctr
- Montefiore Medical Center
- Clinical Research Alliance Inc.
- Weill Cornell Medical College
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Section on Hematology and Oncology
- Gabrail Cancer Center
- The Christ Hospital
- Western Pennsylvania Hospital
- Hematology/Oncology Associates of SC
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
- MD Anderson
- The Methodist Cancer Center
- Scott & White Memorial Hospital
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
- St. Vincent's Public Hospital Sydney
- Saint George Hospital
- Liverpool Hospital
- Royal North Shore Hospital
- Calvary Mater Newcastle
- Westmead Hospital
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- Haematology & Oncology Clinics of Australia
- Haematology and Oncology Clinics of Australia at Chermside
- Haematology and Oncology Clinics of Australia at Wesley
- Royal Adelaide Hospital
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital
- Box Hill Hospital
- Monash Medical Centre
- Saint Vincent's Hospital
- Western Hospital
- The Alfred Hospital
- Sunshine Hospital
- Fremantle Hospital
- Royal Perth Hospital
- Medizinische Universität Innsbruck
- Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen Linz, I Interne Abteilung
- Wilhelminenspital der Stadt Wien
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven
- Cliniques Universitaires UCL de Mont-Godinne
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent
- Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel
- Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer
- Clínica de Oncologia de Porto Alegre
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS
- Hemocentro Campinas-Unicamp
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Centros Oncológicos Integrados de Educação e Pesquisa
- Instituto Nacional do Câncer-INCA
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo
- Military Medical Academy Hospital for Active Treatment
- Shato, Ead
- University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveti Georgi" EAD
- Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, "Sveta Marina''
- University of Alberta Hospital
- British Columbia Cancer Agency
- Saint John Regional Hospital
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centre
- London Health Sciences Centre
- The Ottawa Hospital Regional Cancer Centre
- Windsor Regional Hospital
- Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont
- Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady
- Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc
- FN Ostrava
- Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové
- Fakultní nemocnice Brno
- Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze
- Centre Hospitalier de la Cote Basque
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brest
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Hôpital Pontchaillou
- Hopital Hotel-Dieu - Service d'Hematologie
- Centre Henri-Becquerel
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles
- Hôpital Saint Louis
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine
- Hôpital Claude Huriez
- Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu
- Institut Paoli Calmettes
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud
- Universitätsklinik Heidelberg
- Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm
- Medizinische Klinik der Universität Würzburg
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
- Universitätsklinikum Aachen
- Universitätsklinikum Münster
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg Universität
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
- Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Med. Klinik und Poliklinik I
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
- Universitätsklinikum Jena
- Universitatsklinikum Freiburg
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf
- Alexandra General Hospital
- Bács-Kiskun Megyei Kórház Szegedi Tudományegyetem Általános Orvostudományi Kar Oktató Kórháza
- Pécsi Tudományegyetem
- Szegedi Tudományegyetem
- Debreceni Egyetem Klinikai Központ
- Egyesített Szent István és Szent László Kórház-Rendelointézet
- Somogy Megyei Kaposi Mac okato Korhoz
- Somogy Megyei Kaposi Mór Oktató Kórház
- Rambam Health Corp.
- Hadassah Medical Center
- Meir Medical Center
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
- The Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer
- IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Basilicata di Rionero in Vulture
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Univesitaria San Luigi Gonzaga
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna - Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili di Brescia
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Piacenza-Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto
- Azienda Ospedaliera Pisana Ospedale Santa Chiara
- Aienda Policknico Umberto I di Roma
- Azienda Policknico Umberto l di Roma
- Università Tor Vergata Ospedale Sant Eugenio
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese - Policlinico S. Maria alle Scotte
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino
- Nagoya City University Hospital
- Toyohashi Municipal Hospital
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center
- Ogaki Municipal Hospital
- Gunma University Hospital
- National Hospital Organization Nishigunma National Hospital
- Sapporo Medical University Hospital
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital
- Tokai University Hospital
- Niigata Cancer Center Hospital
- Osaka University Hospital
- Saitama Medical Center
- Tochigi Cancer Center
- National Cancer Center Hospital
- The Cancer Institute Hospital Of Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research
- Toranornon Hospital
- Tokyo Medical University Hospital
- National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center
- Kyushu University Hospital
- Social Insurance Kyoto Hospital of All Japan Federation of Social Insurance Associations
- University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center
- Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital
- Japanese Red Cross Medical Center
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
- Pusan National University Hospital
- Kyungpook National University Hospital
- Asan Medical Center
- Samsung Medical Center
- Seoul National University Hospital
- Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System
- North Shore Hospital
- Middlemore Hospital
- Auckland City Hospital
- Christchurch Hospital
- Dunedin Hospital
- Specjalistyczny Szpital Miejski im. Mikolaja Kopernika
- Zamojski Szpital Niepubliczny Sp. z o.o.
- Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie
- Instytut Hematologii i Transfuzjologii
- Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne
- Samodzielny Publiczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej Zespól Szpitali Miejskich
- Szpital Kliniczny Przemienienia Panskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego im K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu
- Spitalul Universitar de Urgenta Bucuresti
- Policlinica de Diagnostic Rapid SA, Compartiment Medical Oncologie-Hematologie
- Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Brasov (Bumbea, Horia)
- Institutul Clinic Fundeni
- Institutul Regional de Oncologie Iasi
- Republican Clinical Hospital #1
- City Clinical Hospital n.a. S. P. Botkin
- Non-state Healthcare Institution "N.A. Semashko Central Clinical Hospital #2 of JSC "Russian Railway
- Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital
- Clinical Hospital Number 31
- Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre
- FGU Russian Scientific Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology
- First Saint Petersburg I.P. Pavlov State Medical University
- GUZ Samara Regional Clinical Hospital n.a. M.I. Kalinin
- National University Cancer Institute
- Singapore General Hospital
- Singapore Oncology Consultants
- Univerzitná nemocnica Bratislava
- Hospital Son Llàtzer
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol
- Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona
- Institut Universitari Dexeus
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Hospital de Madrid Norte-San Chinarro
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
- Hospital Universitario La Princesa
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Salamanca
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio
- Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fé de Valencia
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- China Medical University Hospital
- National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- Chang Gung Medical Foundation-LinKou Branch
- King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
- Ramathibodi Hospital
- Srinagarind Hospital
- City Hematology Center
- Municipal Institution of Health Protection "Clinical Hospital #8"
- Cherkassy Regional Oncology Center
- MI "Dnipropetrovsk City Multifield Clinical Hospital #4" of Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council", City Hematology Center
- Institute of Urgent and Reparative Surgury of Ukraine Academy of Medical Sciences
- Khmelnytsky Regional Clinical Hospital
- Khmelnytsky Regional Hospital, Department of Hematology
- National Institute of Cancer, Oncohematology Department
- Kyiv Bone Marrow Transplantation Center
- Lviv Regional Oncology Dispensary
- Lviv State Oncology Regional Treatment-Prophylactic Center, Department of Chemotherapy
- Regional Clinical Hospital
- Royal Free Hospital
- University College Hospital
- Manchester Royal Infirmary
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
- Churchill Hospital
- Derriford Hospital
- Royal Hallamshire Hospital
- Royal Marsden Hospital
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals Trust
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Active Comparator
Carfilzomib plus Dexamethasone
Bortezomib plus Dexamethasone
Participants received 20 mg/m² carfilzomib administered by intravenous (IV) infusion on Days 1 and 2 of Cycle 1, followed by 56 mg/m² on Days 8, 9, 15, and 16 of Cycle 1 and for each 28-day cycle thereafter. Additionally, participants received 20 mg dexamethasone on Days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, and 23 of each 28 day cycle.
Participants received bortezomib 1.3 mg/m² administered IV or subcutaneously (SC) on Days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 21-day cycle plus dexamethasone 20 mg administered on Days 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, and 12 of each 21-day cycle.