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Fire Fighter Fatigue Management Program: Operation Fight Fatigue

Primary Purpose

Shift-Work Sleep Disorder, Insomnia, Restless Leg Syndrome

Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Sleep health education provided via a web-based program
Sleep disorder detection and treatment
Optimization of Sleep in Fire Station
Sponsored by
Brigham and Women's Hospital
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Shift-Work Sleep Disorder focused on measuring sleep, firefighter, fire, apnea, insomnia, shift, narcolepsy, restless leg, rls, fatigue, Optalert, actigraph, actigraphy, actiwatch, safety, sleepiness, sleepy, work, hours, FEMA, drowsy

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Must be a fire department employee at a participating fire department.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • May not be 17 years of age or younger.
  • Will not be included if not a firefighter.

Sites / Locations

  • Division of Sleep Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Active Comparator

Arm Label

Intervention

Control

Arm Description

Firefighters in this group will receive at the beginning of the study an introduction to the study, sleep education, sleep disorder screening survey, health survey, increased sleep opportunities at their fire department, followed later by physiological monitoring of a portion of the firefighters, and then finally an 'end of year' survey at the end of the study.

Firefighters in this group will only receive an introduction to the study and a health survey, followed later by physiological monitoring of a portion of the firefighters, and then at the end of the study will receive the sleep disorders screening survey, sleep education (Intervention group received screening survey and education much earlier at the beginning of the study), and an 'end of year' survey. None of these firefighters will receive the increased sleep opportunities as the Intervention group will.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Sleep and health screening of firefighters using a composite of survey instruments
All firefighters in intervention and control stations will be asked to complete two surveys in which they document their work hours, sleep hours, sleep quality, caffeine consumption, and baseline health; their mood, sleepiness, and quality of life on a series of validated scales. Descriptions of any motor vehicle crashes, near miss crashes, and on-the-job injuries will also be obtained. Mental health will be assessed with three validated survey instruments. They will also receive the sleep disorders screening survey. Those found at high risk will be contacted to make aware.
Composite of firefighter information provided by the participating fire department
The following outcomes will be collected: a) work hours data: scheduled work hours, overtime and vacation time; b) health and safety data: driving accidents and vehicle damage (including severity of accidents in terms of financial cost, time away from work, and extent of injury), on-the-job injuries (related and unrelated to motor vehicle crashes), sick time; and c) job performance data: response time and clear time (i.e., time to initial response and completion of a self-initiated or assigned task) and other measures considered pertinent to firefighters' performance by the department.
Sleep and performance of firefighters measured by a composite of physiological monitoring
Participants will participate in physiological monitoring to obtain objective data on sleep and performance. These data may also be used to validate the data reported on the survey. These firefighters will complete daily sleep/work diaries, wear an actigraph continuously and wear the Optalert glasses on the commute from each work shift. Subjects will also have 2 physical exams which include blood work.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Documentation of motor vehicle crashes (MVC), and reported injuries
If a participant reports a motor vehicle crash, or an occupational injury, he or she will be asked to describe the incident in detail, and provide copies of police records, automobile repair receipts, or insurance records for documentation.
Employment verification as a firefighter of all participants
For the purposes of validating the study cohort approximately 10% may be randomly chosen to have their place of employment verified to ensure they are fire department employees. To do this our research staff will call, email, and/or send letters to the subject's place of employment asking to verify the status of the participant as either a past or present employee.
Composite of firefighter health information
First, we request access to the accident and injury reports from the department-wide measures to look at overall changes in health and safety between the groups. Second, we will ask subjects to provide a written medical release to allow the researchers to gain access to the work physicals. Third, if a subject is found to be at high risk for a sleep disorder and takes a sleep clinic referral, we will ask them to provide a written medical release to allow access to their sleep clinic information. Fourth, we would request access to occupational health records.

Full Information

First Posted
August 16, 2012
Last Updated
March 15, 2016
Sponsor
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Collaborators
Federal Emergency Management Agency
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT01672502
Brief Title
Fire Fighter Fatigue Management Program: Operation Fight Fatigue
Official Title
Fire Fighter Fatigue Management Program: Operation Fight Fatigue
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
March 2016
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
September 2012 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
May 2014 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
May 2014 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Collaborators
Federal Emergency Management Agency

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Firefighters frequently work extended duration shifts and long work weeks which have adverse effects on alertness, health, safety and performance. This protocol uses a survey instrument to examine the effects of extended duration shifts on safety outcomes (e.g., motor vehicle crashes, accidents, injuries), health (e.g., diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, improved general health indices, decreased number of sick days), and performance (e.g., decreased response time). This study will expand understanding of the nature, scope, etiology and consequences of firefighter fatigue and increase our ability to develop guidelines that can be generalized across fire departments throughout North America. This study could provide an avenue to make lasting policy improvements that could enhance the safety, health, and performance of firefighters.
Detailed Description
Firefighters work some of the most challenging schedules known under highly stressful and demanding conditions. The need to work frequent extended shifts leads to acute and chronic sleep deficiency as well as disruption of circadian rhythms. Firefighters on-call overnight are also particularly susceptible to sleep inertia, the neurocognitive impairment experienced immediately upon waking. In addition, it is likely that a significant proportion of firefighters suffer from undiagnosed sleep disorders, which further impair sleep and exacerbate fatigue. The proposed fatigue countermeasure aims to increase sleep opportunities, and thereby improve firefighter safety and health. We will be conducting a station-level, randomized clinical trial of policies designed to maximize sleep opportunities during current 24-hour shifts to improve alertness, performance, health and safety in firefighters. We will leverage the comprehensive fatigue management program we developed and the web-based technology we implemented in previous Federal Emergency Management Agency projects, and will continue to offer our web-based education program and sleep disorders screening. By conducting a collaborative study involving sleep medicine clinicians, sleep researchers, a consultant on alarms, together with the representatives from the management, and union leadership of the fire department, we expect we will develop a sleep optimization program with a high probability of success and test the hypotheses that increasing the sleep opportunity of firefighters will improve the alertness, performance, safety and physical and mental health of firefighters. The results of this study will provide policy makers with the scientific evidence they require to develop effective fatigue countermeasure programs for firefighters. We will be conducting a randomized clinical trial, providing the most rigorous evaluation possible in an operational setting. Half the fire stations in a department will be randomly assigned to complete the intervention, termed Operation Fight Fatigue, in the first year of the study. The other half of the fire stations will complete the intervention in the second year. In this way, all firefighters will have the chance to benefit. We expect the fatigue countermeasure intervention to improve the alertness, performance, health and safety of firefighters. We will be evaluating a cost-effective intervention to improve the safety and health of firefighters in departments throughout the United States.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Shift-Work Sleep Disorder, Insomnia, Restless Leg Syndrome, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Impaired Driving
Keywords
sleep, firefighter, fire, apnea, insomnia, shift, narcolepsy, restless leg, rls, fatigue, Optalert, actigraph, actigraphy, actiwatch, safety, sleepiness, sleepy, work, hours, FEMA, drowsy

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
620 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Intervention
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Firefighters in this group will receive at the beginning of the study an introduction to the study, sleep education, sleep disorder screening survey, health survey, increased sleep opportunities at their fire department, followed later by physiological monitoring of a portion of the firefighters, and then finally an 'end of year' survey at the end of the study.
Arm Title
Control
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Firefighters in this group will only receive an introduction to the study and a health survey, followed later by physiological monitoring of a portion of the firefighters, and then at the end of the study will receive the sleep disorders screening survey, sleep education (Intervention group received screening survey and education much earlier at the beginning of the study), and an 'end of year' survey. None of these firefighters will receive the increased sleep opportunities as the Intervention group will.
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Sleep health education provided via a web-based program
Other Intervention Name(s)
Operation Fight Fatigue, OFF, Comprehensive Fatigue Management Training Program
Intervention Description
All firefighters in the experimental group and controls will be asked to complete an approximately 30 minute education session. This education session will split into two modules, module 1: an introduction to the program along with basic sleeps hygiene information and module 2: standard training. Topics covered in module 2 will include basic sleep physiology, the causes and consequences of sleep disorders, and fatigue countermeasures. We will emphasize strategies to maximize sleep and reduce fatigue both on and off work.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Sleep disorder detection and treatment
Other Intervention Name(s)
Operation Fight Fatigue, OFF, Comprehensive Fatigue Management Training Program
Intervention Description
Firefighters in the intervention districts will complete a sleep disorders screening questionnaire. The questionnaire will focus on identifying individuals who show increased likelihood of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, shift work disorder, and restless legs syndrome using validated screening tools. Those assessed to be at high risk for one of these sleep disorders will be referred to a local AASM-accredited Clinical Sleep Disorders Service for evaluation and, if necessary, treatment. Diagnosis and treatment of sleep-related disorders will reduce the risk of fatigue-related accidents and improve the health and safety of affected individuals.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Optimization of Sleep in Fire Station
Other Intervention Name(s)
Operation Fight Fatigue, OFF, Comprehensive Fatigue Management Training Program
Intervention Description
First, we will review and retrofit the sleeping quarters to provide a better environment for napping and sleep; light, noise, bed type, space, temperature, and location would all be considered and where possible, changes made to improve the sleeping environment. Secondly, we will work with management and union personnel to develop a 'sleep friendly' policy during the daytime, with specified protected times for naps during the day before the overnight work in order to reduce sleepiness during overnight work. Finally, we will upgrade the alerting systems, that is, we will work with management and union personnel to consider changing the policy that requires the sleeping areas of all stations to receive all alarm calls, even if that particular station is not required to attend the alarm.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Sleep and health screening of firefighters using a composite of survey instruments
Description
All firefighters in intervention and control stations will be asked to complete two surveys in which they document their work hours, sleep hours, sleep quality, caffeine consumption, and baseline health; their mood, sleepiness, and quality of life on a series of validated scales. Descriptions of any motor vehicle crashes, near miss crashes, and on-the-job injuries will also be obtained. Mental health will be assessed with three validated survey instruments. They will also receive the sleep disorders screening survey. Those found at high risk will be contacted to make aware.
Time Frame
The baseline survey will be conducted at the start of the study and the follow-up survey will be conducted approximately 12 months later.
Title
Composite of firefighter information provided by the participating fire department
Description
The following outcomes will be collected: a) work hours data: scheduled work hours, overtime and vacation time; b) health and safety data: driving accidents and vehicle damage (including severity of accidents in terms of financial cost, time away from work, and extent of injury), on-the-job injuries (related and unrelated to motor vehicle crashes), sick time; and c) job performance data: response time and clear time (i.e., time to initial response and completion of a self-initiated or assigned task) and other measures considered pertinent to firefighters' performance by the department.
Time Frame
Up to 1 year
Title
Sleep and performance of firefighters measured by a composite of physiological monitoring
Description
Participants will participate in physiological monitoring to obtain objective data on sleep and performance. These data may also be used to validate the data reported on the survey. These firefighters will complete daily sleep/work diaries, wear an actigraph continuously and wear the Optalert glasses on the commute from each work shift. Subjects will also have 2 physical exams which include blood work.
Time Frame
Participants will be involved for up to 3 weeks and will have a follow-up physical exam (including blood work) up to 1 year later.
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Documentation of motor vehicle crashes (MVC), and reported injuries
Description
If a participant reports a motor vehicle crash, or an occupational injury, he or she will be asked to describe the incident in detail, and provide copies of police records, automobile repair receipts, or insurance records for documentation.
Time Frame
Up to 1 year
Title
Employment verification as a firefighter of all participants
Description
For the purposes of validating the study cohort approximately 10% may be randomly chosen to have their place of employment verified to ensure they are fire department employees. To do this our research staff will call, email, and/or send letters to the subject's place of employment asking to verify the status of the participant as either a past or present employee.
Time Frame
Up to 1 year
Title
Composite of firefighter health information
Description
First, we request access to the accident and injury reports from the department-wide measures to look at overall changes in health and safety between the groups. Second, we will ask subjects to provide a written medical release to allow the researchers to gain access to the work physicals. Third, if a subject is found to be at high risk for a sleep disorder and takes a sleep clinic referral, we will ask them to provide a written medical release to allow access to their sleep clinic information. Fourth, we would request access to occupational health records.
Time Frame
Up to 1 year

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Must be a fire department employee at a participating fire department. Exclusion Criteria: May not be 17 years of age or younger. Will not be included if not a firefighter.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Charles Czeisler, PH.D., M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Division of Sleep Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital
City
Boston
State/Province
Massachusetts
ZIP/Postal Code
02215
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

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Fire Fighter Fatigue Management Program: Operation Fight Fatigue

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