Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects on Nicotine Craving
Nicotine Dependence
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Nicotine Dependence focused on measuring nicotine, craving, smoking, TMS, prefrontal cortex
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Right handed males and females, between the ages of 18 and 50
- Daily smokers who smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least past 1 year
- Mentally capable of reading, writing, giving consent, following instructions
Exclusion Criteria:
- history of seizures
- taking medications that lower seizure threshold
- implanted metal devices (e.g., pacemakers, metal plates, wires)
- pregnant
- history of brain surgery or history of loss of consciousness >15 minutes
- any unstable major axis I psychiatric disorder in the past month (e.g. psychotic disorders)
- Current substance use disorders other than nicotine and caffeine use, in the past 30 days
- Any medication (e.g., propranolol) or unstable medical condition that may interfere with psychophysiological (e.g., heart rate) monitoring
Sites / Locations
- Medical University of South Carolina
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Sham Comparator
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Sham Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive (and relatively painless) brain stimulation technology that can focally stimulate the brain of an awake individual.The brain stimulation techniques could theoretically improve the efficacy of smoking cessation. Treatment was standardized at 100% magnetic field intensity relative to the participant's resting MT, at 10 pulses per second (10 Hz) for 5 seconds, with an intertrain interval of 10 seconds. Treatment session lasted for 15 minutes with 3000 pulses.
Sham-TMS procedures: After rMT determination and DLPFC cortex localization, participants were fitted with two electrodes on the scalp just below the hairline. Electrodes were connected to an Epix VT® Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Device (Empi; St. Paul, MN, USA)