Healthcare Provider Behavior and Children's Perioperative Distress
Pain, Postoperative, Infant Behavior
About this trial
This is an interventional supportive care trial for Pain, Postoperative focused on measuring Pediatric, Pain, Postoperative, General Anesthesia, Anesthesia Recovery Period, Infant Behavior, Adolescent Behavior, Patient Satisfaction
Eligibility Criteria
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Children:
- Children who are scheduled to undergo outpatient T&A
- Children whose health status is American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III will be recruited for this study
- Only children who are in the normal range of development will be recruited for this study
Parents: Parents of children who are enrolled in the study.
Healthcare Provider:
- Anesthesia care providers in the four study hospitals
- Nurses who provide preoperative nursing care to children who are about to undergo surgery in the four study hospitals
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
Children:
- Patients with health status defined by ASA status IV-V
- Patients who are taking psychotropic medications that affect emotion modulation
- Patients who are taking medications such as erythromycin that interfere with the metabolism of midazolam
- Patients born before 36 weeks gestational age are considered premature and will not be included in this study
- Patients with a positive sleep study and patients who have any indication to be admitted postoperatively (e.g. positive sleep study)
- Patients with a positive sleep study indicating sleep apnea will also be excluded from this study.
Parents:
- Parents who refuse to be part of the study
- Parents who don't speak English if the health care providers involved with that child-parent dyad don't speak the language that is spoken by the parent and child
Healthcare Providers:
- Anesthesiologists who refuse to be part of the study
- Nurses who refuse to be part of the study
Sites / Locations
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles
- Stanford University
- CHOC Children's Hospital
- Children's Hospital Colorado
- Boyd Graduate Studies Research Center
- IWK Health Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
No Intervention
P-TIPS group
Control Group
Provider Tailored Intervention for Perioperative Stress (P-TIPS) aims at reducing preoperative anxiety in children via modifying adults' behavior.P-TIPS program is developed from the proximal-distal theory that suggested that in acute procedural settings specific adult behaviors directly affect children's distress and coping behaviors.
Subjects in this group will not be trained with the P-TIPS method. They will receive a 2-hour seminar on the management of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain and otherwise will provide standard care to patients.