Computer Assisted Orthognathic Surgery. Facial Asymmetry

The specific aims of the study were to measure and compare the rates of alignment and cant reduction of the dental and facial midlines among the two groups.

The purpose of this randomized, controlled, clinical study, was to evaluate the most accurate procedure for orthognathic correction of facial asymmetry. The investigators compared two different methods of surgical planning: classical (esthetic analysis of the face, cephalometric study of the skull in lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms, analysis and surgical simulation of plaster casts mounted in semi-individual articulators, development of a surgical acrylic resin intermediate splint) and digital planning (cone-beam computed tomography, data acquisition, software-assisted virtual surgery -Maxilim; Medicim, Mechelen, Belgium- and CAD/CAM processing of the surgical intermediate splint).

More specifically were measured: distance from the upper interincisal point to the facial midline; distance from the lower interincisal point to the facial midline; distance between interincisal points; distance from skeletal menton to the facial midline; distance from soft tissue menton to the facial midline;

More specifically were measured:distance from the maxillary sagittal plane to the facial mid-sagittal plane; distance from the mandibular sagittal plane to the facial mid-sagittal plane.

Inclusion Criteria: facial asymmetry or mandibular deviation (cant of the occlusal plane > 3° and/or midline discrepancies > 2.5 mm) presence of all central incisors, pre- and postoperative radiographs and plaster casts (group 1) cranial CBCT images (group 2) pre- and postoperative digital photographs. Exclusion Criteria: previous trauma involving the hard or soft facial tissues functional deviation of the mandible incomplete records (CBCT, radiographs, casts or digital photographs).