A Randomized Controlled Trial of Eculizumab in AQP4 Antibody-positive Participants With NMO (PREVENT Study)
Neuromyelitis Optica, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Neuromyelitis Optica focused on measuring Neuromyelitis Optica, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, Devic's disease, Transverse Myelitis, Optic Neuritis, relapse, eculizumab, soliris, NMO-IgG, CNS Autoimmune Disorders, Demyelinating Disorders, NMO, NMOSD
Eligibility Criteria
Key Inclusion Criteria:
- Male or female participants ≥ 18 years old.
- Diagnosis of NMO or NMOSD.
- AQP4 antibody seropositive.
- Historical relapse of at least 2 relapses in the last 12 months or 3 relapses in the last 24 months with at least 1 relapse in the 12 months prior to the screening.
- Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≤ 7.
- If a participant entered the study receiving immunosuppressive therapy (IST) for relapse prevention, the participant must have been on a stable maintenance dose of IST(s), as defined by the treating physician, prior to Screening and must have remained on that dose for the duration of the study, unless the participant experienced a relapse.
- Female participants of childbearing potential were to have a negative pregnancy test (serum human chorionic gonadotropin). Participants were required to practice an effective, reliable, and medically approved contraceptive regimen during the study and for up to 5 months following discontinuation of treatment.
Key Exclusion Criteria:
- Use of rituximab within 3 months prior to Screening.
- Use of mitoxantrone within 3 months prior to Screening.
- Use of intravenous immunoglobulin within 3 weeks prior to Screening.
Sites / Locations
- Mayo Clinic Arizona
- The Research Center of Southern California
- Georgetown University Hospital
- University of Miami McKnight Brain Institute
- Neurological Services of Orlando
- Fort Wayne Neurological Center
- University of Kansas Medical Center
- Baptist Health Lexington
- University of Maryland Medical Center
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Mayo Clinic - Rochester
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, NYU Langone Medical Center
- The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, CarePoint at Gahanna
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh
- Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Center of Dallas
- University of Utah Health Care
- Swedish Neuroscience Institute
- Hospital General de Agudos Juan Antonio Fernandez
- Hospital J. M. Ramos Mejia
- Hospital Universitario Austral
- Fundacion Rosarina de Neuro Rehabilitacion
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Center
- St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne
- Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb
- Vseobecna fakultni nemocnice Neurologicka klinika
- Århus Universitetshospital
- Universitaetsklinikum Heidelberg, Abteilung Neuroonkologie
- Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU Muenchen, Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik
- Universitaetsmedizin Rostock, Klinik für Neurologie
- Prince of Wales Hospital
- Universitaria Policlinico di Catania
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II
- Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini
- Neurological Centre of Latium Dipartimento di Neuroscienze
- Chiba University Hospital
- Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital
- Kyoto Min-iren Chuo Hospital
- Tohoku University Hospital
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University
- Yamaguchi University Hospital
- Kyushu University Hospital
- National Center Hospital, NCNP
- National Cancer Center
- Korea University Anam Hospital
- Seoul University National Hospital
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University
- Samsung Medical Center
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur
- Republican Clinical Hospital for Rehabilitation of Healthcare Ministry of Republic of Tatarstan
- FSBHI 'Siberian Clinical Center of FMBA'
- Federal State Budget Institution of Healthcare - Siberian District Medical Center of FMBA of Russia
- SBEIHPE "Rostov SMU of MoH of RF"
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St.Petersburg
- Hospital de Cruces
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia
- Hospital Universitario Clinico San Carlos
- Cheng Hsin General Hospital
- Navamindradhiraj University, Vajira Hospital
- Thammasat University Hospital
- Sunprasitthiprasong Hospital
- Hacettepe University Medical Faculty
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty
- Istanbul Bilim Universty Medical Fac.
- Dokuz Eylul University Medicine Faculty
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty
- Ondokuz Mayis Univ. Med. Fac.
- The Walton Centre
- John Radcliffe Hospital
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Eculizumab
Placebo
Biological/Vaccine: Eculizumab; Induction Period: Participants received eculizumab (900 milligrams [mg]) via intravenous (IV) infusion once a week (every 7 ± 2 days) for 4 weeks followed by eculizumab 1200 mg for the fifth dose (Week 4). This was followed by the Maintenance Period: Participants received eculizumab (1200 mg) via IV infusion every 2 weeks (every 14 ± 2 days) from the sixth dose (Week 6) onwards.
Placebo contains the same buffer components without the active ingredient. Induction Period: Participants received matching placebo (900 mg) via IV infusion once a week (every 7 ± 2 days) for 4 weeks, followed by matching placebo (1200 mg) for the fifth dose (Week 4). This was followed by the Maintenance Period: Participants received matching placebo (1200 mg) via IV infusion every 2 weeks (every 14 ± 2 days) from the sixth dose (Week 6) onwards.