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Ziv-Aflibercept Followed by Ziv-Aflibercept, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin Calcium in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer

Primary Purpose

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon, Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum, Recurrent Colon Cancer

Status
Withdrawn
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
ziv-aflibercept
leucovorin calcium
fluorouracil
laboratory biomarker analysis
Sponsored by
University of Southern California
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically confirmed stage IV colorectal adenocarcinoma previously treated with FOLFOX and FOLFIRI and bevacizumab, receipt of cetuximab or panitumumab is not required, and has shown progression or intolerant of both oxaliplatin and irinotecan-based regimens; baseline tumor assessments must be done within 28 days of starting treatment
  • Patients must have lesions that can be easily biopsied
  • Representative tumor tissue specimens (paraffin block preferred)
  • Signed informed consent prior to initiation of any study-specific procedure or treatment, including agreement to two biopsies during the study
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2
  • Able to comply with the protocol, including tissue and blood sampling
  • Leukocytes >= 3,000 per mm^3
  • Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000 per mm^3
  • Platelet count >= 75,000 per mm^3
  • Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL (may be transfused to maintain or exceed this level)
  • Creatinine clearance according to the Cockcroft and Gault formula of >= 50 mL/min
  • Urine for proteinuria should be < 2 +; patients discovered to have >= 2 + proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo a 24-hour urine collection and must demonstrate < 1 g of protein in 24 hours
  • Total bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
  • Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase < 2.5 x ULN
  • International normalized ratio =< 1.5 and activated prothrombin time =< 1.5 x ULN for patients not receiving anti-coagulation therapy
  • The use of full-dose oral or parenteral anticoagulants is permitted as long as the international normalized ratio (INR) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is within therapeutic limits (according to the medical standard of the enrolling institution), and the patient has been on a stable dose of anticoagulants for at least two weeks prior to the first study treatment
  • Female patients should not be pregnant or breast-feeding

    • A female of child-bearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) who meets the following criteria:

      • Has not undergone hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; OR
      • Has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e. has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 months)
    • Female patients with childbearing potential should agree to use effective, non-hormonal means of contraception (intrauterine contraceptive device, barrier method of contraception in conjunction with spermicidal jelly or surgically sterile) during the study and for a period of at least 6 months following the last administration of study drug
    • Female patients with an intact uterus (unless amenorrheic for the last 24 months) must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to randomization into the study
  • Male patients must agree to use effective contraception during the study and for a period of at least 6 months following the last administration of study drugs, even if they have been surgically sterilized

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any prior systemic treatment with targeted antiangiogenic agents except for bevacizumab; receipt of cetuximab or panitumumab is not an exclusion criteria
  • Radiotherapy to any site for any reason within 14 days prior to treatment
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to

    • Any of the following within 6 months prior to inclusion: myocardial infarction, severe/unstable angina pectoris, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack
    • Any of the following within 3 months prior to inclusion: grade 3-4 gastrointestinal bleeding/hemorrhage (unless due to resected tumor), treatment resistant peptic ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis or gastritis, infectious or inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, pulmonary embolism or other uncontrolled thromboembolic event
  • History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to agents used in the study
  • History of arterial thromboembolic events
  • History of abdominal fistula formation, gastrointestinal perforation, or abdominal abscess within six months
  • History or evidence of inherited bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy with a risk of bleeding
  • Patients must not be pregnant or nursing
  • Major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury within 28 days before start of study drug
  • Any hemorrhage or bleeding event >= CTCAE grade 3 within 4 weeks prior to the start of study medication
  • Non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture
  • Inadequately controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] > 150 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure [DBP] > 100 mg Hg)
  • Known positivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • Malignancies other than colorectal adenocarcinoma within 5 years prior to treatment, except for adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix, basal or squamous cell skin cancer, localized prostate cancer treated surgically with curative intent, and ductal carcinoma in situ treated surgically with curative intent
  • Clinically detectable (by physical exam) third-space fluid collections (e.g. ascites or pleural effusion) that cannot be controlled by drainage or other procedures prior to study entry
  • Treatment with any other investigational agent, or participation in another investigational drug trial within 28 days prior to randomization
  • Patients can withdraw consent anytime during the study

Sites / Locations

  • USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Treatment (ziv-aflibercept, leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil)

Arm Description

PHASE I: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept IV over 1 hour on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. At the time of progression, patients proceed to Phase II. PHASE II: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept IV over 1 hour, leucovorin calcium IV over 1 minute, and fluorouracil IV over 46 hours on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Progression-free survival during the first phase of the study
Point and precision estimates, median and its 95% confidence interval (CI) will be provided. To examine associations between biomarkers and PFS1, the difference in progression-free survival by each biomarker level will be detected.
Progression-free survival during the second phase of the study
Using the Simon's 2-stage optimum design, there is a 90% power to detect improvement of adding fluorouracil to ziv-aflibercept on PFS2 and the type I error rate is 2.3%. Point and precision estimates, median and its 95% CI will be provided.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Overall survival (OS)
OS will be summarized with Kaplan-Meyer plots to describe the outcome of patients treated on this protocol.
Response rate assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1
Response rates will be calculated as the percent of evaluable patients whose best response is a complete response or partial response, and exact 95% confidence intervals will be calculated for this estimate.
Incidence of adverse events graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0
Toxicities observed at each leg of the study will be summarized in terms of type (organ affected, laboratory determination), severity (by NCI Common Toxicity Criteria and nadir or maximum values for the laboratory measures), time of onset, duration, and reversibility or outcome. Tables will be created to summarize these toxicities and side effects by leg and by course of therapy.

Full Information

First Posted
September 4, 2014
Last Updated
May 4, 2015
Sponsor
University of Southern California
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT02235324
Brief Title
Ziv-Aflibercept Followed by Ziv-Aflibercept, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin Calcium in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Official Title
Phase II Study of Ziv-Aflibercept Followed by the Addition of 5-FU in the Third Line Setting of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
May 2015
Overall Recruitment Status
Withdrawn
Why Stopped
Lack of funding
Study Start Date
March 2015 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
March 2017 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
March 2018 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
University of Southern California
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This phase II trial studies how long it takes colorectal cancer resistant to standard treatment to grow while receiving treatment with ziv-aflibercept, and how well adding fluorouracil and leucovorin calcium to ziv-aflibercept works in treating patients with stage IV colorectal cancer after they progress on ziv-aflibercept alone. Ziv-aflibercept may stop the growth of colorectal cancer by blocking the formation of tumor blood vessels. Fluorouracil and leucovorin calcium are drugs used in chemotherapy. Fluorouracil works to stop the growth of tumors cells by preventing the cells from growing and dividing. Leucovorin calcium helps fluorouracil work better. Adding fluorouracil and leucovorin calcium to ziv-aflibercept may be an effective treatment for patients who progress on ziv-aflibercept alone.
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the progression-free survival during the first phase of the study (PFS1) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with single agent ziv-aflibercept after progressing on leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) and leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride (FOLFIRI) with bevacizumab +/- cetuximab or panitumumab. II. To determine the progression-free survival (PFS2) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with ziv-aflibercept and 5-fluorouracil (fluorouracil), after progressing on ziv-aflibercept alone. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Overall survival. II. Response rate. III. Incidence and nature of adverse events. IV. Growth modulation index (ratio of PFS2/PFS1). TERTIARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine relevant biomarkers which can distinguish patients with a progression free survival greater than 3 months on single agent ziv-aflibercept (tumor vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR]1 and 2, baseline plasma phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class F [PlGF]). II. Plasma levels of VEGF-A, B, C, D, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha) (Gro alpha), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), stem cell growth factor beta (SCGF beta) prior to treatment and with each cycle of therapy. III. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VEGFA, VEGFR1 & 2 & 3, interleukin (IL)8, angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), IL-6, ICAM, PlGF, neuropilin (NRP)1 & 2, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 (CXCR2) and others in the angiogenic pathway. IV. Tumor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of VEGF B, C, D, VEGFR 3; NRP 1, 2, and VEGF isoforms on biopsy specimens taken at trial initiation and upon disease progression and addition of 5-FU. V. Correlation of biomarkers with toxicity of ziv-aflibercept alone and with 5-FU. OUTLINE: PHASE I: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept intravenously (IV) over 1 hour on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. At the time of progression, patients proceed to Phase II. PHASE II: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept IV over 1 hour, leucovorin calcium IV over 1 minute, and fluorouracil IV over 46 hours on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon, Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum, Recurrent Colon Cancer, Recurrent Rectal Cancer, Signet Ring Adenocarcinoma of the Colon, Signet Ring Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum, Stage IVA Colon Cancer, Stage IVA Rectal Cancer, Stage IVB Colon Cancer, Stage IVB Rectal Cancer

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
0 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Treatment (ziv-aflibercept, leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil)
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
PHASE I: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept IV over 1 hour on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. At the time of progression, patients proceed to Phase II. PHASE II: Patients receive ziv-aflibercept IV over 1 hour, leucovorin calcium IV over 1 minute, and fluorouracil IV over 46 hours on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
ziv-aflibercept
Other Intervention Name(s)
aflibercept, vascular endothelial growth factor trap, VEGF Trap, Zaltrap
Intervention Description
Given IV
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
leucovorin calcium
Other Intervention Name(s)
CF, CFR, LV
Intervention Description
Given IV
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
fluorouracil
Other Intervention Name(s)
5-fluorouracil, 5-Fluracil, 5-FU
Intervention Description
Given IV
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
laboratory biomarker analysis
Intervention Description
Correlative studies
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Progression-free survival during the first phase of the study
Description
Point and precision estimates, median and its 95% confidence interval (CI) will be provided. To examine associations between biomarkers and PFS1, the difference in progression-free survival by each biomarker level will be detected.
Time Frame
Period from the start of ziv-aflibercept to the date of radiographic or clinical progression, death, or within 30 days off treatment
Title
Progression-free survival during the second phase of the study
Description
Using the Simon's 2-stage optimum design, there is a 90% power to detect improvement of adding fluorouracil to ziv-aflibercept on PFS2 and the type I error rate is 2.3%. Point and precision estimates, median and its 95% CI will be provided.
Time Frame
Period from the start of fluorouracil with ziv-aflibercept to the date of radiographic or clinical progression, death, or within 30 days off treatment
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Overall survival (OS)
Description
OS will be summarized with Kaplan-Meyer plots to describe the outcome of patients treated on this protocol.
Time Frame
Period from treatment initiation with single agent ziv-aflibercept to death, assessed up to 3 years
Title
Response rate assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1
Description
Response rates will be calculated as the percent of evaluable patients whose best response is a complete response or partial response, and exact 95% confidence intervals will be calculated for this estimate.
Time Frame
Up to 3 years
Title
Incidence of adverse events graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0
Description
Toxicities observed at each leg of the study will be summarized in terms of type (organ affected, laboratory determination), severity (by NCI Common Toxicity Criteria and nadir or maximum values for the laboratory measures), time of onset, duration, and reversibility or outcome. Tables will be created to summarize these toxicities and side effects by leg and by course of therapy.
Time Frame
Within 30 days of the last administration of the study drug
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Plasma levels of PIGF
Description
The association between each biomarker and PFS1 will be assessed by maximal x^2 square approach by identifying the optimal cut-off value for each biomarker and adjusting p value based on the bootstrap-like p values. The association between biomarkers and tumor response and OS will be analyzed using Fisher's exact and log-rank tests. Biomarker levels will be categorized based on optimal cutoff values determined in the analysis for PFS.
Time Frame
Up to 3 years
Title
mRNA level of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGF-A
Description
The association between each biomarker and PFS1 will be assessed by maximal x^2 square approach by identifying the optimal cut-off value for each biomarker and adjusting p value based on the bootstrap-like p values. The association between biomarkers and tumor response and OS will be analyzed using Fisher's exact and log-rank tests. Biomarker levels will be categorized based on optimal cutoff values determined in the analysis for PFS.
Time Frame
Up to 3 years

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Histologically confirmed stage IV colorectal adenocarcinoma previously treated with FOLFOX and FOLFIRI and bevacizumab, receipt of cetuximab or panitumumab is not required, and has shown progression or intolerant of both oxaliplatin and irinotecan-based regimens; baseline tumor assessments must be done within 28 days of starting treatment Patients must have lesions that can be easily biopsied Representative tumor tissue specimens (paraffin block preferred) Signed informed consent prior to initiation of any study-specific procedure or treatment, including agreement to two biopsies during the study Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2 Able to comply with the protocol, including tissue and blood sampling Leukocytes >= 3,000 per mm^3 Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000 per mm^3 Platelet count >= 75,000 per mm^3 Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL (may be transfused to maintain or exceed this level) Creatinine clearance according to the Cockcroft and Gault formula of >= 50 mL/min Urine for proteinuria should be < 2 +; patients discovered to have >= 2 + proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo a 24-hour urine collection and must demonstrate < 1 g of protein in 24 hours Total bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase < 2.5 x ULN International normalized ratio =< 1.5 and activated prothrombin time =< 1.5 x ULN for patients not receiving anti-coagulation therapy The use of full-dose oral or parenteral anticoagulants is permitted as long as the international normalized ratio (INR) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is within therapeutic limits (according to the medical standard of the enrolling institution), and the patient has been on a stable dose of anticoagulants for at least two weeks prior to the first study treatment Female patients should not be pregnant or breast-feeding A female of child-bearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) who meets the following criteria: Has not undergone hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; OR Has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e. has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 months) Female patients with childbearing potential should agree to use effective, non-hormonal means of contraception (intrauterine contraceptive device, barrier method of contraception in conjunction with spermicidal jelly or surgically sterile) during the study and for a period of at least 6 months following the last administration of study drug Female patients with an intact uterus (unless amenorrheic for the last 24 months) must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to randomization into the study Male patients must agree to use effective contraception during the study and for a period of at least 6 months following the last administration of study drugs, even if they have been surgically sterilized Exclusion Criteria: Any prior systemic treatment with targeted antiangiogenic agents except for bevacizumab; receipt of cetuximab or panitumumab is not an exclusion criteria Radiotherapy to any site for any reason within 14 days prior to treatment Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to Any of the following within 6 months prior to inclusion: myocardial infarction, severe/unstable angina pectoris, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack Any of the following within 3 months prior to inclusion: grade 3-4 gastrointestinal bleeding/hemorrhage (unless due to resected tumor), treatment resistant peptic ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis or gastritis, infectious or inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, pulmonary embolism or other uncontrolled thromboembolic event History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to agents used in the study History of arterial thromboembolic events History of abdominal fistula formation, gastrointestinal perforation, or abdominal abscess within six months History or evidence of inherited bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy with a risk of bleeding Patients must not be pregnant or nursing Major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury within 28 days before start of study drug Any hemorrhage or bleeding event >= CTCAE grade 3 within 4 weeks prior to the start of study medication Non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture Inadequately controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] > 150 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure [DBP] > 100 mg Hg) Known positivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Malignancies other than colorectal adenocarcinoma within 5 years prior to treatment, except for adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix, basal or squamous cell skin cancer, localized prostate cancer treated surgically with curative intent, and ductal carcinoma in situ treated surgically with curative intent Clinically detectable (by physical exam) third-space fluid collections (e.g. ascites or pleural effusion) that cannot be controlled by drainage or other procedures prior to study entry Treatment with any other investigational agent, or participation in another investigational drug trial within 28 days prior to randomization Patients can withdraw consent anytime during the study
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Afsaneh Barzi
Organizational Affiliation
University of Southern California
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
City
Los Angeles
State/Province
California
ZIP/Postal Code
90089
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Learn more about this trial

Ziv-Aflibercept Followed by Ziv-Aflibercept, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin Calcium in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer

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