Back to resultsStudy of Burosumab (KRN23) in Adults With Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) or Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)
Primary Purpose
Tumor Induced Osteomalacia (TIO), Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)
Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Burosumab
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Tumor Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) focused on measuring TIO, ENS, FGF23, KRN23
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Have a clinical diagnosis of TIO/ENS-associated osteomalacia based on evidence of excessive fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) that was not amenable to cure by surgical excision of the underlying tumor/lesion (documented by Investigator).
- Be ≥ 18 years of age
- Have a fasting serum phosphorus level < 2.5 mg/dL
- Have an FGF23 level ≥ 100 pg/mL by Kainos assay
- Have a ratio of renal tubular maximum reabsorption rate of phosphate to glomerular filtration rate (TmP/GFR) < 2.5 mg/dL
- Have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min (using Cockcroft-Gault formula). Subjects with eGFR ≥ 30 but < 60 mL/min will be considered eligible as long as in the opinion of the investigator the decline in renal function is not related to nephrocalcinosis.
- Have a corrected serum calcium level < 10.8 mg/dL
- Females of child-bearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test at Screening and Baseline and be willing to have additional pregnancy tests during the study. Females considered not to be of childbearing potential include those who have not experienced menarche, are post-menopausal (defined as having no menses for at least 12 months without an alternative medical cause) or are permanently sterile due to total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy.
- Be willing to use 2 forms of effective methods of contraception while participating in the study (sexually active subjects) and for 12 weeks after last dose of study drug.
- Be willing to provide access to prior medical records to determine eligibility including imaging, biochemical, and diagnostic, medical, and surgical history data
- Provide written informed consent after the nature of the study has been explained, and prior to any research-related procedures
- Be willing and able to complete all aspects of the study, adhere to the study visit schedule and comply with the assessments (in the opinion of the investigator)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Have a prior diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C
- Have a history of recurrent infection, a predisposition to infection, or a known immunodeficiency
- Are pregnant or breastfeeding at Screening or are planning to become pregnant (self or partner) at any time during the study
- Have participated in an investigational drug or device trial within 30 days prior to Screening or are currently enrolled in another study of an investigational product or device
- Have used a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb), including KRN23, within 90 days prior to Screening or have a history of allergic or anaphylactic reactions to any mAb
- Have or a have a history of any hypersensitivity to KRN23 excipients that, in the judgment of the investigator, places the subject at increased risk for adverse effects
- Have used a pharmacologic vitamin D metabolite or its analog (e.g., calcitriol, doxercalciferol, and paricalcitol), phosphate, or aluminum hydroxide antacids (e.g., Maalox® and Mylanta®) within 2 weeks prior to Screening or during the study
- Have used medication to suppress parathyroid hormone (PTH) (e.g., Sensipar®, cinacalcet, calcimimetics) within 2 months prior to Screening
- Have a history of malignancy within 5 years of study entry with the exception of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) of the mixed connective tissue type or non-melanoma skin cancers such as basal cell skin cancer
- Have donated blood or blood products within 60 days prior to Screening
- Have a history of allergic reaction to or have shown adverse reactions to a tetracycline (e.g., tetracycline hydrochloride [HCl] and demeclocycline), benzodiazepines, fentanyl or lidocaine
- Have any condition, which in the opinion of the investigator and sponsor, could present a concern for either subject safety or difficulty with data interpretation
Sites / Locations
- Colorado Center for Bone Research at Panorama Orthopedics and Spine Center
- Yale University School of Medicine
- Indiana University Hospital
- Johns Hopkins University
- Mayo Clinic
- Duke University
- Houston Methodist Research Institute
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Label
Burosumab
Arm Description
Participants received burosumab at a starting dose of 0.3 mg/kg administered subcutaneously (SC) every 4 weeks (Q4W). Doses may have been titrated up to a maximum of 2.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) in order to achieve fasting peak serum phosphorus levels within the target range of 2.5 to 4.0 mg/dL.
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Percentage of Participants Achieving Mean Serum Phosphorus Levels Above 2.5 mg/dL at the Mid-Point of the Dose Intervals Between Baseline and Week 24
The percentage of participants achieving mean serum phosphorus levels above the lower limit of normal (LLN; 2.5 mg/dL [0.81 mmol/L]) at the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing), as averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Thickness
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader.
Osteoid thickness is the mean thickness of osteoid seams.
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Surface/Bone Surface (OS/BS)
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader.
Osteoid surface/bone surface is expressed as the percentage of bone surface covered in osteoid.
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Volume/Bone Volume (OV/BV)
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader. Osteoid volume/bone volume is expressed as the percentage of a given volume of bone tissue that consists of unmineralized bone (osteoid).
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Mineralization Lag Time (MLt)
Mineralization lag time is a dynamic modeling parameter representing the mean time interval between the formation of osteoid and its subsequent mineralization which can be measured using histomorphometry with double tetracycline labeling.
Mlt was calculated by dividing the osteoid width by the mineralizing apposition rate (MAR; the average rate at which new bone mineral is being added on any actively forming surface).
If Mlt could not be calculated directly due to low tetracycline uptake, Mlt was imputed according to the following:
Mlt = O.Th/(MAR*MS/OS), where O.Th = osteoid thickness, MAR is imputed as 0.3 μm/day, MS/OS=mineralizing surface/osteoid surface, each measured at the same visit.
Secondary Outcome Measures
Percentage of Participants Achieving Mean Serum Phosphorus Levels Above 2.5 mg/dL at the End of the Dose Intervals Between Baseline and Week 24
The percentage of participants achieving mean serum phosphorus levels above the lower limit of normal (2.5 mg/dL [0.81 mmol/L]) at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose), as averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the Mid-Point of the Dose Interval, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Mean change from Baseline to the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the Mid-Point of the Dose Interval, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Mean percent change from Baseline to the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the End of the Dosing Cycle, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Mean change from Baseline at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Percent Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the End of the Dosing Cycle, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Mean percent change from Baseline at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Time-Adjusted Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Serum Phosphorus Levels Between Baseline and Week 24
Serum phosphorus level versus time AUC was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. Time-adjusted AUC was calculated by dividing the AUC by duration of time included in AUC calculation.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) Concentration
Least squares (LS) means and standard errors (SE) were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 1,25(OH)2D, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Total Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Concentration
Total FGF23 included free FGF23 and FGF23 bound to burosumab. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline total FGF23, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Free Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Concentration
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline free FGF23, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 24-hour Urinary Phosphorus
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 24-hour urinary phosphorus, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Tubular Reabsorption of Phosphate (TRP)
Tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) is the fraction of filtered phosphorus that is reabsorbed by renal tubules.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline TRP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Ratio of Renal Tubular Maximum Phosphate Reabsorption Rate to Glomerular Filtration Rate (TmP/GFR)
TmP/GFR measures renal phosphate reabsorption (the primary mechanism by which FGF23 regulates phosphate homeostasis) by comparing the fractional absorption of phosphate relative to the estimated rate of glomerular filtration.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline TmP/GFR, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Fractional Excretion of Phosphorus (FEP)
FEP is the percentage of phosphorus filtered by the kidney that is excreted into urine, calculated as 100% * (2-hour urine phosphorus*serum creatinine)/(2-hour urine creatinine * serum phosphorus).
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline FEP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline ALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP)
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in BALP
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Carboxy Terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTx)
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline CTx, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in CTx
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline CTx, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Procollagen Type 1 N-Propeptide (P1NP)
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline P1NP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in P1NP
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline P1NP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Osteocalcin
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline osteocalcin, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in Osteocalcin
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline osteocalcin, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Hand-Held Dynamometry (HHD) Elbow Measurements
To assess muscle strength, hand-held dynamometry was conducted using a standardized technique. Bilateral strength (defined as the average of the left and the right scores, measured in kilograms) of the elbow flexors and extensors was measured by the maximum voluntary isometric contraction against a dynamometer.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline strength measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Hand-Held Dynamometry (HHD) Knee Measurements
To assess muscle strength, hand-held dynamometry was conducted using a standardized technique. Bilateral strength (defined as the average of the left and the right scores, measured in kilograms) of the knee flexors and extensors was measured by the maximum voluntary isometric contraction against a dynamometer.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline strength measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Sit-to-Stand (STS) Test
The STS test measures lower extremity strength and mobility as a participant moves repeatedly from a seated position to standing. This study used a modified STS test that allowed participants to use the arms of the chair to help them stand and sit if necessary. The number of sit-to-stand repetitions performed in a 30-second period was recorded.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Weighted Arm Lift (WAL) Test
The Weighted arm lift (WAL) test assesses upper extremity strength, mobility and reaching ability. The test was administered bilaterally to determine the number of times the participant could raise a 1 kg weight above the head in a 30-second period. The number of repetitions completed with each arm was recorded.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline WAL measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
The 6MWT is a commonly used measure of mobility and was conducted in accordance with general principles set forth in the American Thoracic Society guidelines (ATS 2002). Participants were instructed to walk the length of a pre-measured course for 6 consecutive minutes (assistive devices could be used). The total distance walked at the end of 6 minutes was recorded in meters.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 6MWT measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Worst Pain Score
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours. Worst pain is defined as the answer to Question 3, in which participants rated their pain at its worst in the last 24 hours on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Severity Score
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours.
Pain severity is defined as the average of 4 questions (Questions 3 through 6) assessing worst pain, least pain, average pain, and pain right now, rated on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine). Mild pain is defined as a score of 1 to 4, moderate pain is defined as a score of 5 to 6, and severe pain is defined as a score of 7 to 10. A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference Score
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours.
Pain interference is defined as the average of 7 questions (9A through 9G) regarding the extent to which pain interfered with daily activities, including general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life in the last 24 hours, rated on a scale from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Worst Fatigue Score
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
Worst fatigue is defined as the answer to Question 3 in which participants rated their fatigue at its worst in the last 24 hours on a scale from 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Fatigue Severity Score
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
Fatigue severity is defined as the average of 3 questions (Questions 1 through 3) assessing fatigue right now, usual level of fatigue, and worst fatigue, rated on a scale from 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Fatigue Interference Score
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
The fatigue interference score is defined as the average of 6 questions (Questions 4A through 4F) regarding the extent to which fatigue interfered with daily activities, including general activity, mood, walking ability, work, relations with others, and enjoyment of life in the last 24 hours, rated on a scale from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Global Fatigue Score
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours. The first 3 questions measure fatigue severity and the next 6 questions assess the impact of fatigue on daily activities.
The global fatigue score is defined as the average of all 9 questions on the BFI including severity and interference, and ranges from from 0 to 10, where higher scores correspond to greater levels of fatigue.
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The physical component summary score (PCS) is a weighted combination of the 8 subscales with positive weighting for physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, and general health. The PCS was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance struct
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The physical functioning (PF) domain includes 10 questions that assess limitations in physical activities because of health problems. The PF domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role Physical Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The role-physical (RP) domain includes 4 questions that assess limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems. The RP domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Bodily Pain Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The bodily pain (BP) domain includes 2 questions that assess pain level and impact of pain on normal work. The BP domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) General Health Perceptions Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The general health perceptions (GH) domain includes 5 questions that assess participants' perception of their own general health. The GH domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The mental component summary score (MCS) is a weighted combination of the 8 subscales with positive weighting for vitality, social function, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. The MCS was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Vitality Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The vitality (VT) domain includes 4 questions that assess energy levels and fatigue. The VT domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Social Functioning Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The social functioning (SF) domain includes 2 questions that assess limitations in social activities because of physical health or emotional problems. The SF domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role Emotional Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The role-emotional (RE) domain includes 3 questions that assess limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems. The RE domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Health Domain Score
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The mental health (MH) domain includes 5 questions that assess general mental health (psychological distress and well-being). The MH domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Full Information
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT02304367
Brief Title
Study of Burosumab (KRN23) in Adults With Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) or Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)
Official Title
A Phase 2 Open-Label Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of KRN23, an Antibody to FGF23, in Subjects With Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) or Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)-Associated Osteomalacia
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
January 2022
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
March 24, 2015 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
July 27, 2017 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
January 21, 2021 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Kyowa Kirin, Inc.
4. Oversight
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate the effect of burosumab treatment on:
Increasing serum phosphorus levels in adults with TIO or ENS-associated osteomalacia
Improvement in TIO/ENS-associated osteomalacia as determined by osteoid thickness (O.Th), osteoid surface/bone surface (OS/BS), osteoid volume/bone volume (OV/BV) and mineralization lag time (MLt).
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Tumor Induced Osteomalacia (TIO), Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)
Keywords
TIO, ENS, FGF23, KRN23
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
17 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Burosumab
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants received burosumab at a starting dose of 0.3 mg/kg administered subcutaneously (SC) every 4 weeks (Q4W). Doses may have been titrated up to a maximum of 2.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) in order to achieve fasting peak serum phosphorus levels within the target range of 2.5 to 4.0 mg/dL.
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
Burosumab
Other Intervention Name(s)
KRN23, Crysvita®, UX023
Intervention Description
Solution for subcutaneous injection
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Percentage of Participants Achieving Mean Serum Phosphorus Levels Above 2.5 mg/dL at the Mid-Point of the Dose Intervals Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
The percentage of participants achieving mean serum phosphorus levels above the lower limit of normal (LLN; 2.5 mg/dL [0.81 mmol/L]) at the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing), as averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Time Frame
Mid-point of each dose interval from Baseline to Week 24 (Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22 [there was no study visit at Week 18])
Title
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Thickness
Description
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader.
Osteoid thickness is the mean thickness of osteoid seams.
Time Frame
Baseline, Week 48
Title
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Surface/Bone Surface (OS/BS)
Description
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader.
Osteoid surface/bone surface is expressed as the percentage of bone surface covered in osteoid.
Time Frame
Baseline, Week 48
Title
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Osteoid Volume/Bone Volume (OV/BV)
Description
Histomorphometry of trans-iliac crest bone biopsies was assessed by a blinded, central reader. Osteoid volume/bone volume is expressed as the percentage of a given volume of bone tissue that consists of unmineralized bone (osteoid).
Time Frame
Baseline, Week 48
Title
Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Mineralization Lag Time (MLt)
Description
Mineralization lag time is a dynamic modeling parameter representing the mean time interval between the formation of osteoid and its subsequent mineralization which can be measured using histomorphometry with double tetracycline labeling.
Mlt was calculated by dividing the osteoid width by the mineralizing apposition rate (MAR; the average rate at which new bone mineral is being added on any actively forming surface).
If Mlt could not be calculated directly due to low tetracycline uptake, Mlt was imputed according to the following:
Mlt = O.Th/(MAR*MS/OS), where O.Th = osteoid thickness, MAR is imputed as 0.3 μm/day, MS/OS=mineralizing surface/osteoid surface, each measured at the same visit.
Time Frame
Baseline, Week 48
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Percentage of Participants Achieving Mean Serum Phosphorus Levels Above 2.5 mg/dL at the End of the Dose Intervals Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
The percentage of participants achieving mean serum phosphorus levels above the lower limit of normal (2.5 mg/dL [0.81 mmol/L]) at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose), as averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Time Frame
End of each dose interval from Baseline to Week 24 (Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24)
Title
Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the Mid-Point of the Dose Interval, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
Mean change from Baseline to the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Time Frame
Baseline and the mid-point of each dose interval from Baseline to Week 24 (Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22)
Title
Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the Mid-Point of the Dose Interval, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
Mean percent change from Baseline to the mid-point of the dose interval (2 weeks after dosing) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22).
Time Frame
Baseline and the mid-point of each dose interval from Baseline to Week 24 (Weeks 2, 6, 10, 14 and 22)
Title
Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the End of the Dosing Cycle, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
Mean change from Baseline at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24
Title
Percent Mean Change From Baseline in Serum Phosphorus Levels at the End of the Dosing Cycle, as Averaged Across Dose Cycles Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
Mean percent change from Baseline at the end of the dose interval (4 weeks post-dose, prior to the next dose) averaged across dose cycles between Baseline and Week 24 (i.e. the average of serum phosphorus levels at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24).
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24
Title
Time-Adjusted Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Serum Phosphorus Levels Between Baseline and Week 24
Description
Serum phosphorus level versus time AUC was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. Time-adjusted AUC was calculated by dividing the AUC by duration of time included in AUC calculation.
Time Frame
Pre-dose on Day 1 and at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 21, 22, and 24
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) Concentration
Description
Least squares (LS) means and standard errors (SE) were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 1,25(OH)2D, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Total Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Concentration
Description
Total FGF23 included free FGF23 and FGF23 bound to burosumab. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline total FGF23, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Free Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Concentration
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline free FGF23, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 24-hour Urinary Phosphorus
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 24-hour urinary phosphorus, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Tubular Reabsorption of Phosphate (TRP)
Description
Tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) is the fraction of filtered phosphorus that is reabsorbed by renal tubules.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline TRP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Ratio of Renal Tubular Maximum Phosphate Reabsorption Rate to Glomerular Filtration Rate (TmP/GFR)
Description
TmP/GFR measures renal phosphate reabsorption (the primary mechanism by which FGF23 regulates phosphate homeostasis) by comparing the fractional absorption of phosphate relative to the estimated rate of glomerular filtration.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline TmP/GFR, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Fractional Excretion of Phosphorus (FEP)
Description
FEP is the percentage of phosphorus filtered by the kidney that is excreted into urine, calculated as 100% * (2-hour urine phosphorus*serum creatinine)/(2-hour urine creatinine * serum phosphorus).
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline FEP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline ALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP)
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in BALP
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BALP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Carboxy Terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTx)
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline CTx, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in CTx
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline CTx, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Procollagen Type 1 N-Propeptide (P1NP)
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline P1NP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in P1NP
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline P1NP, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Osteocalcin
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline osteocalcin, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Percent Change From Baseline Over Time in Osteocalcin
Description
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline osteocalcin, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Hand-Held Dynamometry (HHD) Elbow Measurements
Description
To assess muscle strength, hand-held dynamometry was conducted using a standardized technique. Bilateral strength (defined as the average of the left and the right scores, measured in kilograms) of the elbow flexors and extensors was measured by the maximum voluntary isometric contraction against a dynamometer.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline strength measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24 and 48
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Hand-Held Dynamometry (HHD) Knee Measurements
Description
To assess muscle strength, hand-held dynamometry was conducted using a standardized technique. Bilateral strength (defined as the average of the left and the right scores, measured in kilograms) of the knee flexors and extensors was measured by the maximum voluntary isometric contraction against a dynamometer.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline strength measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24 and 48
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Sit-to-Stand (STS) Test
Description
The STS test measures lower extremity strength and mobility as a participant moves repeatedly from a seated position to standing. This study used a modified STS test that allowed participants to use the arms of the chair to help them stand and sit if necessary. The number of sit-to-stand repetitions performed in a 30-second period was recorded.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24 and 48
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Weighted Arm Lift (WAL) Test
Description
The Weighted arm lift (WAL) test assesses upper extremity strength, mobility and reaching ability. The test was administered bilaterally to determine the number of times the participant could raise a 1 kg weight above the head in a 30-second period. The number of repetitions completed with each arm was recorded.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline WAL measurements, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24 and 48
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
Description
The 6MWT is a commonly used measure of mobility and was conducted in accordance with general principles set forth in the American Thoracic Society guidelines (ATS 2002). Participants were instructed to walk the length of a pre-measured course for 6 consecutive minutes (assistive devices could be used). The total distance walked at the end of 6 minutes was recorded in meters.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline 6MWT measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24 and 48
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Worst Pain Score
Description
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours. Worst pain is defined as the answer to Question 3, in which participants rated their pain at its worst in the last 24 hours on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Severity Score
Description
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours.
Pain severity is defined as the average of 4 questions (Questions 3 through 6) assessing worst pain, least pain, average pain, and pain right now, rated on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine). Mild pain is defined as a score of 1 to 4, moderate pain is defined as a score of 5 to 6, and severe pain is defined as a score of 7 to 10. A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference Score
Description
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-reported, pain-specific questionnaire with a recall period of 24 hours.
Pain interference is defined as the average of 7 questions (9A through 9G) regarding the extent to which pain interfered with daily activities, including general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life in the last 24 hours, rated on a scale from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BPI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Worst Fatigue Score
Description
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
Worst fatigue is defined as the answer to Question 3 in which participants rated their fatigue at its worst in the last 24 hours on a scale from 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Fatigue Severity Score
Description
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
Fatigue severity is defined as the average of 3 questions (Questions 1 through 3) assessing fatigue right now, usual level of fatigue, and worst fatigue, rated on a scale from 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.
Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Fatigue Interference Score
Description
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours.
The fatigue interference score is defined as the average of 6 questions (Questions 4A through 4F) regarding the extent to which fatigue interfered with daily activities, including general activity, mood, walking ability, work, relations with others, and enjoyment of life in the last 24 hours, rated on a scale from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes).
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) Global Fatigue Score
Description
The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 9 items related to fatigue that are rated on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale with a recall period of 24 hours. The first 3 questions measure fatigue severity and the next 6 questions assess the impact of fatigue on daily activities.
The global fatigue score is defined as the average of all 9 questions on the BFI including severity and interference, and ranges from from 0 to 10, where higher scores correspond to greater levels of fatigue.
A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement. Least squares means and standard errors were estimated from a generalized estimation equation (GEE) model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline BFI measurement, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The physical component summary score (PCS) is a weighted combination of the 8 subscales with positive weighting for physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, and general health. The PCS was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance struct
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The physical functioning (PF) domain includes 10 questions that assess limitations in physical activities because of health problems. The PF domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role Physical Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The role-physical (RP) domain includes 4 questions that assess limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems. The RP domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Bodily Pain Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The bodily pain (BP) domain includes 2 questions that assess pain level and impact of pain on normal work. The BP domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) General Health Perceptions Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The general health perceptions (GH) domain includes 5 questions that assess participants' perception of their own general health. The GH domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The mental component summary score (MCS) is a weighted combination of the 8 subscales with positive weighting for vitality, social function, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. The MCS was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Vitality Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The vitality (VT) domain includes 4 questions that assess energy levels and fatigue. The VT domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Social Functioning Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The social functioning (SF) domain includes 2 questions that assess limitations in social activities because of physical health or emotional problems. The SF domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role Emotional Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The role-emotional (RE) domain includes 3 questions that assess limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems. The RE domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Title
Change From Baseline Over Time in 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Health Domain Score
Description
The SF-36 v2 is a self-administered questionnaire that measures the impact of disease on overall quality of life during the past 4 weeks. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions in eight domains (physical function, pain, general and mental health, vitality, social function, physical and emotional health).
The mental health (MH) domain includes 5 questions that assess general mental health (psychological distress and well-being). The MH domain score was calculated using norm-based scoring so that 50 is the average score and the standard deviation equals 10. Higher scores are associated with better functioning/quality of life; a positive change from Baseline score indicates an improvement.
LS means and SEs were estimated from a GEE model which includes the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable and adjusted for Baseline SF-36, with compound symmetry covariance structure.
Time Frame
Baseline and Weeks 24, 48, 96, 144, 168, 192, 216, and 240
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Treatment Emergent AEs (TEAEs), Serious TEAEs, and TEAEs Leading to Discontinuation
Description
An adverse event (AE) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug, whether or not considered drug related. A serious AE was defined as an AE that at any dose, in the view of either the Investigator or Sponsor, results in any of the following outcomes: death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant incapacity or disability, a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or other important medical events (according to the investigator). An AE was considered a TEAE if it occurred on or after the first dose and was not present prior to the first dose, or it was present prior to the first dose but increased in severity during the study. Events were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.0: grade 1 (mild), grade 2 (moderate), grade 3 (severe), grade 4 (life-threatening), grade 5 (death).
Time Frame
From first dose of study drug up to database lock date (July 07, 2021); median duration of treatment in the TIO analysis set was 1594.0 (range: 168-2106) days.
Title
Number of Participants With Anti-burosumab Antibodies
Time Frame
From first dose of study drug up to database lock date (July 07, 2021); median duration of treatment in the TIO analysis set was 1594.0 (range: 168-2106) days.
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Have a clinical diagnosis of TIO/ENS-associated osteomalacia based on evidence of excessive fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) that was not amenable to cure by surgical excision of the underlying tumor/lesion (documented by Investigator).
Be ≥ 18 years of age
Have a fasting serum phosphorus level < 2.5 mg/dL
Have an FGF23 level ≥ 100 pg/mL by Kainos assay
Have a ratio of renal tubular maximum reabsorption rate of phosphate to glomerular filtration rate (TmP/GFR) < 2.5 mg/dL
Have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min (using Cockcroft-Gault formula). Subjects with eGFR ≥ 30 but < 60 mL/min will be considered eligible as long as in the opinion of the investigator the decline in renal function is not related to nephrocalcinosis.
Have a corrected serum calcium level < 10.8 mg/dL
Females of child-bearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test at Screening and Baseline and be willing to have additional pregnancy tests during the study. Females considered not to be of childbearing potential include those who have not experienced menarche, are post-menopausal (defined as having no menses for at least 12 months without an alternative medical cause) or are permanently sterile due to total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy.
Be willing to use 2 forms of effective methods of contraception while participating in the study (sexually active subjects) and for 12 weeks after last dose of study drug.
Be willing to provide access to prior medical records to determine eligibility including imaging, biochemical, and diagnostic, medical, and surgical history data
Provide written informed consent after the nature of the study has been explained, and prior to any research-related procedures
Be willing and able to complete all aspects of the study, adhere to the study visit schedule and comply with the assessments (in the opinion of the investigator)
Exclusion Criteria:
Have a prior diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C
Have a history of recurrent infection, a predisposition to infection, or a known immunodeficiency
Are pregnant or breastfeeding at Screening or are planning to become pregnant (self or partner) at any time during the study
Have participated in an investigational drug or device trial within 30 days prior to Screening or are currently enrolled in another study of an investigational product or device
Have used a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb), including KRN23, within 90 days prior to Screening or have a history of allergic or anaphylactic reactions to any mAb
Have or a have a history of any hypersensitivity to KRN23 excipients that, in the judgment of the investigator, places the subject at increased risk for adverse effects
Have used a pharmacologic vitamin D metabolite or its analog (e.g., calcitriol, doxercalciferol, and paricalcitol), phosphate, or aluminum hydroxide antacids (e.g., Maalox® and Mylanta®) within 2 weeks prior to Screening or during the study
Have used medication to suppress parathyroid hormone (PTH) (e.g., Sensipar®, cinacalcet, calcimimetics) within 2 months prior to Screening
Have a history of malignancy within 5 years of study entry with the exception of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) of the mixed connective tissue type or non-melanoma skin cancers such as basal cell skin cancer
Have donated blood or blood products within 60 days prior to Screening
Have a history of allergic reaction to or have shown adverse reactions to a tetracycline (e.g., tetracycline hydrochloride [HCl] and demeclocycline), benzodiazepines, fentanyl or lidocaine
Have any condition, which in the opinion of the investigator and sponsor, could present a concern for either subject safety or difficulty with data interpretation
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Medical Director
Organizational Affiliation
Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc
Official's Role
Study Director
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Colorado Center for Bone Research at Panorama Orthopedics and Spine Center
City
Golden
State/Province
Colorado
ZIP/Postal Code
80401
Country
United States
Facility Name
Yale University School of Medicine
City
New Haven
State/Province
Connecticut
ZIP/Postal Code
06510
Country
United States
Facility Name
Indiana University Hospital
City
Indianapolis
State/Province
Indiana
ZIP/Postal Code
46202
Country
United States
Facility Name
Johns Hopkins University
City
Baltimore
State/Province
Maryland
ZIP/Postal Code
21224
Country
United States
Facility Name
Mayo Clinic
City
Rochester
State/Province
Minnesota
ZIP/Postal Code
55905
Country
United States
Facility Name
Duke University
City
Durham
State/Province
North Carolina
ZIP/Postal Code
27710
Country
United States
Facility Name
Houston Methodist Research Institute
City
Houston
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
77030
Country
United States
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
34660853
Citation
Khadora M, Mughal MZ. Burosumab treatment in a child with cutaneous skeletal hypophosphatemia syndrome: A case report. Bone Rep. 2021 Oct 1;15:101138. doi: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101138. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Results Reference
derived
Learn more about this trial
Study of Burosumab (KRN23) in Adults With Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) or Epidermal Nevus Syndrome (ENS)
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