Iron Bioavailability From Encapsulated Ferrous Sulphate
Iron Deficiency
About this trial
This is an interventional prevention trial for Iron Deficiency focused on measuring Iron deficiency, Iron fortification, Iron encapsulation
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female, 18 to 40 years old
- Marginal iron status (ferritin < 25 ng/ml)
- Body weight < 65 kg
- Normal body Mass Index (18.5 - 25 kg/m2)
- Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnancy (assessed by a pregnancy test) / intention to become pregnant
- Lactating up to 6 weeks before study initiation
- Moderate or severe anaemia (hemoglobin < 9.0 g/dL)
- Elevated C-reactive protein (> 5.0 mg/L)
- Any metabolic, gastrointestinal kidney or chronic disease such as diabetes, hepatitis, hypertension, cancer or cardiovascular diseases (according to the participants own statement)
- Continuous/long-term use of medication during the whole study (except for contraceptives)
- Consumption of mineral and vitamin supplements within 2 weeks prior to 1st meal administration
- Blood transfusion, blood donation or significant blood loss (accident, surgery) over the past 4 months
- Earlier participation in a study using Fe stable isotopes or participation in any clinical study within the last 30 days
- Participant who cannot be expected to comply with study protocol (e.g. not available on certain study appointments or difficulties with blood sampling)
Sites / Locations
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, ETH Zurich
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Arm 6
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
non-encapsulated FeSO4
encapsulated FeSO4, before cooking
encapsulated FeSO4, after cooking
non-encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid
encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, before cooking
encapsulated FeSO4 + ascorbic acid, after cooking
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4, added before cooking
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4, added after cooking
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid, added before cooking
Maize porridge with salt fortified with non-encapsulated FeSO4 and ascorbic acid, added after cooking