The Effects of Journaling on Health-Related Mood and Clinical Outcomes in Post-MI Patients (GRAT2015)
Myocardial Infarction, Psychosocial Factors
About this trial
This is an interventional supportive care trial for Myocardial Infarction
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion criteria:
- Suffered an MI (ST Elevation MI (STEMI) or Non-ST Elevation MI (NSTEMI) with creatine kinase MB fraction elevation 3 times the upper limits of normal and with ischemic ECG changes within 12 months of baseline testing;
- An EF less than 50% on echocardiogram;
- Clinically stable defined as, no active arrhythmia, no residual ischemia;
- Able to perform light to moderate exercise;
- Able to give informed consent in English;
- Medical clearance by their cardiologist;
- > 35 years of age.
Exclusion criteria:
- Unstable angina;
- Severe valvular disease;
- Oxygen-dependent COPD;
- Recent stroke or significant cerebral neurologic impairment;
- Suicidality with intent or plan;
- Current cancer;
- Currently taking mood stabilizers, benzodiazepines or antipsychotics;
- Medications (e.g., systemic steroids) and conditions affecting immune status (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis C, HIV) (Anti-depressant medication is allowed);
- Currently enrolled in another clinical trial.
Sites / Locations
- University of California, San Diego
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
Sham Comparator
No Intervention
Gratitude Journaling Plus Standard of Care
Memorable Events Journaling Plus Standard of Care
Standard of Care
The most often used gratitude intervention consists of journaling, writing lists of things for which the individual is grateful. This technique was first employed and found to be effectual for enhancing wellbeing by Emmons and McCullough and has been suggested to be as effective as methods frequently used in clinical therapy. We are proposing an 8-week intervention in which the participant records 3-5 things for which they are grateful most days of the week. A longer intervention was chosen because Emmons and McCullough (2003) suggest that healthy behavior changes only occurred in a prolonged multi-week intervention. To ensure some conformity in the intervention, instructions that will be used will be similar to Emmons and McCullough (2003): "There are many things in our lives, both large and small, that we might be grateful about. Think back over your day (week) and write down on the lines below up to five things in your life that you are grateful or thankful for."
In the sham control condition, individuals will record "memorable events" with methods identical to the gratitude journaling condition: Patients will be asked to record 3-5 memorable events in a given day, on most days of the week. Patients will be contacted once per week to remind them to continue with the memorable events journal. Patients will be given 2 journals during their first testing session (one journal is for the first four weeks and the second is for the second four weeks of journaling). Patients will be contacted once per week to remind them to continue with gratitude journal writing. Patients will be instructed to record the date of each journal entry next to each new day of journaling Patients will be provided with materials to return their first journal by mail and will and return their second journal at the T2 laboratory testing session.
SOC consists of medical care that is included in post-MI treatment, such as physician visits and medication adjustments and cardiac rehabilitation. These patients will not have any active intervention, but will undergo the same testing routine as the gratitude intervention group. These patients will be given the opportunity to participate in the gratitude journaling intervention after they have completed the study. Patient records will be evaluated at each timepoint for changes in medications and medical treatment.