Local Ketamine Instillation for Postoperative Analgesia
Postoperative Pain
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Postoperative Pain focused on measuring postoperative analgesia, ketamine, total thyroidectomy
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- patients with thyroid cancer scheduled for total thyroidectomy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- BMI>35
- Unstable ischaemic cardiac disease
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Hypersensitivity or allergy to ketamine, local anesthetic, morphine, or other drugs used in the study.
- Severe psychiatric disease
- Unwillingness or inability to use PCA-device
- Inability to use VAS scale
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Active Comparator
Placebo Comparator
Active Comparator
local ketamine group
control group
systemic ketamine group
intra-wound instillation of ketamine (1 mg/ kg) and normal saline in a total volume of 10 ml dispersed evenly throughout the wound; given after hemostasis and before wound closure, with closure of suction drain tube for 30 min. postoperatively.
intra-wound instillation of normal saline in a total volume of 10 ml dispersed evenly throughout the wound; given after hemostasis and before wound closure, with closure of suction drain tube for 30 min. postoperatively.
Intra-muscular injection of ketamine at a dose of 1 mg/kg before wound closure.