Functional and Physiological Changes Induced by Pinhole Glasses in Presbyopia
Primary Purpose
Pinhole
Status
Unknown status
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Korea, Republic of
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Trayner Pinhole Glasses (Trayner Glasses, Ivybridge Devon, U.K.)
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional basic science trial for Pinhole focused on measuring presbyopia
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- age over 45 years
- spherical equivalents(SE) within ± 3.0 diopters(D)
- normal ocular alignment
Exclusion Criteria:
- disturbance of accommodation due to any reasons such as an Adie's pupil, Parkinson's disease, a history of previous ocular surgery or trauma, and a history of systemic or topical medication that might affect accommodation
- corneal pathologic features
- glaucoma
- cataracts of grade II or greater by the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III)
- vitreous and retinal abnormalities that might limit the accuracy of testing
Sites / Locations
- Chung-Ang University HospitalRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Label
presbyopia
Arm Description
All participants perform all exams under 3 conditions, that is baseline, with out pinhole glasses, and with multiple pinhole glasses
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Distant visual acuity (logMAR)
Distant visual acuity were measured using Snellen chart (Precision Vision, La Salle, IL, USA) at 4 m.
BUT
fluorescein is instilled into the subject's tear film and the subject is asked not to blink while the tear film is observed under a broad beam of cobalt blue illumination
Near point of accommodation (NPA)
Near point of accommodation (NPA) was measured using Donder's push-up method.
The fusional convergence
With the subject watching the 20/30 sized fixation target at 40 cm, we take the base-out bar prism on the subject's right eye. While gradually increasing the extent of the prism, the first point that the subject noticed diplopia was defined as the break point.
Stereopsis
Stereopsis was checked with the Randot Stereotest (Stereo Optical Co., Chicago, IL, USA).
Reading speed (letters per second)
Reading speed was evaluated using the famous Korean traditional fairy tale book. This Korean book was printed black-and-white with 10-font size.
Photopic pupil size (baseline, mm)
Pupil size under photopic conditions (85 cd/m2) was measured using a WASCA Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany).
Pupil size with the one eye pinhole glasses (mm)
Pupil size with the one eye pinhole glasses was measured using a WASCA Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany).
Secondary Outcome Measures
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT02722291
First Posted
March 21, 2016
Last Updated
March 30, 2016
Sponsor
Chung-Ang University Hosptial, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT02722291
Brief Title
Functional and Physiological Changes Induced by Pinhole Glasses in Presbyopia
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
March 2016
Overall Recruitment Status
Unknown status
Study Start Date
March 2016 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
December 2016 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
March 2017 (Anticipated)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Chung-Ang University Hosptial, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine
4. Oversight
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
This study is aimed at presbyopic patients that do not require magnifying glass at close rage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functional and physiological changes in eye induced by pinhole glass.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Pinhole
Keywords
presbyopia
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Basic Science
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
40 (Anticipated)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
presbyopia
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
All participants perform all exams under 3 conditions, that is baseline, with out pinhole glasses, and with multiple pinhole glasses
Intervention Type
Device
Intervention Name(s)
Trayner Pinhole Glasses (Trayner Glasses, Ivybridge Devon, U.K.)
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Distant visual acuity (logMAR)
Description
Distant visual acuity were measured using Snellen chart (Precision Vision, La Salle, IL, USA) at 4 m.
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
BUT
Description
fluorescein is instilled into the subject's tear film and the subject is asked not to blink while the tear film is observed under a broad beam of cobalt blue illumination
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
Near point of accommodation (NPA)
Description
Near point of accommodation (NPA) was measured using Donder's push-up method.
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
The fusional convergence
Description
With the subject watching the 20/30 sized fixation target at 40 cm, we take the base-out bar prism on the subject's right eye. While gradually increasing the extent of the prism, the first point that the subject noticed diplopia was defined as the break point.
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
Stereopsis
Description
Stereopsis was checked with the Randot Stereotest (Stereo Optical Co., Chicago, IL, USA).
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
Reading speed (letters per second)
Description
Reading speed was evaluated using the famous Korean traditional fairy tale book. This Korean book was printed black-and-white with 10-font size.
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
Photopic pupil size (baseline, mm)
Description
Pupil size under photopic conditions (85 cd/m2) was measured using a WASCA Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany).
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
Title
Pupil size with the one eye pinhole glasses (mm)
Description
Pupil size with the one eye pinhole glasses was measured using a WASCA Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany).
Time Frame
Subjects performed this examination while wearing multiple pinhole and without wearing pinhole with one week apart in random order after baseline study
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
45 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
age over 45 years
spherical equivalents(SE) within ± 3.0 diopters(D)
normal ocular alignment
Exclusion Criteria:
disturbance of accommodation due to any reasons such as an Adie's pupil, Parkinson's disease, a history of previous ocular surgery or trauma, and a history of systemic or topical medication that might affect accommodation
corneal pathologic features
glaucoma
cataracts of grade II or greater by the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III)
vitreous and retinal abnormalities that might limit the accuracy of testing
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Chung-Ang University Hospital
City
Seoul
ZIP/Postal Code
156-755
Country
Korea, Republic of
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Hong Hyun Park
Phone
82262991666
Email
sikmuk2@naver.com
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
30460857
Citation
Park HH, Park IK, Moon NJ, Chun YS. Clinical feasibility of pinhole glasses in presbyopia. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar;29(2):133-140. doi: 10.1177/1120672118810999. Epub 2018 Nov 21.
Results Reference
derived
Learn more about this trial
Functional and Physiological Changes Induced by Pinhole Glasses in Presbyopia
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