Back to resultsEfficacy of Three Toothpastes Using an in Situ Caries Model
Primary Purpose
Dental Caries
Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
0.425 % w/w phytate,1150ppm F
0.85 % w/w phytate,1150ppm F
0.85 % w/w phytate,0.3%ZnCl2 0.5% sodium citrate, 1150ppm F
0 ppm F
1150ppm F
0.3%ZnCl2, 0.5% sodium citrate, 1150ppm F
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional basic science trial for Dental Caries
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Demonstrates understanding of the study.
- Aged 18 to 85 years.
- Understands and is willing, able and likely to comply with all study procedures and restrictions.
- Has good general health (in the opinion of the investigator or medically qualified designee).
- A salivary flow-rate in the range of normal values (unstimulated whole saliva flow- Rate ≥ 0.2 g/minute (min); gum base stimulated whole saliva flow-Rate ≥ 0.8 g/min).
- Currently wearing a removable mandibular partial denture with sufficient room in the posterior buccal flange area to accommodate two enamel specimens.
- Have no current active caries or periodontal disease and all restorations in a good state of repair.
- Willing and capable of brushing their natural teeth with the lower partial denture in place.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnant or breast feeding women.
- Known or suspected intolerance or hypersensitivity to the study materials or their stated ingredients.
- Currently taking antibiotics or have taken antibiotics in the two weeks prior to the screening visit.
- Unable to measure product weights accurately using the assigned study scale as determined by the study staff as demonstrated.
- Participation in another clinical study or receipt of an investigational drug within 30 days of the screening visit.
- Have received a professional fluoride treatment within 14 days of randomization to the first treatment.
- Recent history (within the last year) of alcohol or other substance abuse.
Sites / Locations
- GSK Investigational Site
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Arm 6
Arm Type
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Active Comparator
Active Comparator
Arm Label
Experimental Dentifrice1
Experimental Dentifrice 2
Experimental Dentifrice 3
Reference Product 1
Reference Product 2
Reference Product 3
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Percentage Surface Microhardness Recovery (SMHR) of Phyte (0% 0.425% and 0.85%) at 2 Weeks
SMHR test was used to assess the changes in mineralization status of partially demineralized enamel specimens using a Wilson 2100 Hardness tester. SMH was determined by measuring the length of the indentations of enamel specimens. % SMHR was calculated from indentation length (micrometer [μm]) of sound enamel specimen at baseline (B), indentation length (μm) after in vitro demineralization(D), indentation length (μm) after intra-oral exposure (R): [D-R/D-B]*100.
Secondary Outcome Measures
% SMHR of 0.85% Phytate Compared to 0% Phytate, in Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.3% ZnCl2, 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.85% Phytate
SMHR test was used to assess the changes in mineralization status of partially demineralized enamel specimens using a Wilson 2100 Hardness tester. SMH was determined by measuring the length of the indentations of enamel specimens. % SMHR was calculated from indentation length (μm) of sound enamel specimen at baseline (B), indentation length (μm) after in vitro demineralization(D), indentation length (μm) after intra-oral exposure (R): [D-R/D-B]*100.
Transverse Microradiography (TMR) Net Remineralization Change (ΔM) Value of Phytate (0% 0.452% and 0.85%) at 4 Weeks
TMR was used to assess changes in the mineral status of partially demineralized enamel specimens. Lesions were analyzed at baseline and Integrated Mineral Loss (∆Z): (∆Z =(lesion depth x 87) - area under the curve [Area under the curve which relates volume % mineral at distances from the specimen surface with respect to section thickness]). After treatment a further section was taken from each lesion specimen for radiography assessment; ∆Z was calculated. The change which occurred in mineral content (∆M) of the lesions as a result of treatment was calculated by: ∆M= (baseline ∆Z - Post-treatment ∆Z).
TMR Δm Value of 0.85% Phytate Compared to 0% Phytate, in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.3% ZnCl2, 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.85% Phytate
TMR was used to assess changes in the mineral status of partially demineralized enamel specimens. Lesions were analyzed at baseline and Integrated Mineral Loss (∆Z): (∆Z =(lesion depth x 87) - area under the curve [Area under the curve which relates volume % mineral at distances from the specimen surface with respect to section thickness]). After treatment a further section was taken from each lesion specimen for radiography assessment; ∆Z was calculated. The change which occurred in mineral content (∆M) of the lesions as a result of treatment was calculated by: ∆M= (baseline ∆Z - Post-treatment ∆Z).
Enamel Fluoride Uptake (EFU) of All Study Formulation Variables
The microdrill enamel biopsy technique was used to analyze the fluoride uptake by enamel. Each enamel specimen was mounted on the long axis of a drill attached to a microdrill and drilled to a depth of approximately 100 μm through the entire lesion (four cores per specimen). The enamel powder pooled from four drilling samples was then immediately analyzed for fluoride content using fluoride specific electrode and pH/ion meter. The amount of fluoride-uptake by enamel was calculated based on the amount of fluoride divided by the area of the enamel cores and expressed as μg/cm^2.
Enamel Fluoride Uptake (EFU) of All Study Formulation Variables
The microdrill enamel biopsy technique was used to analyze the fluoride uptake by enamel. Each enamel specimen was mounted on the long axis of a drill attached to a microdrill and drilled to a depth of approximately 100 μm through the entire lesion (four cores per specimen). The enamel powder pooled from four drilling samples was then immediately analyzed for fluoride content using fluoride specific electrode and pH/ion meter. The amount of fluoride-uptake by enamel was calculated based on the amount of fluoride divided by the area of the enamel cores and expressed as μg/cm^2.
Full Information
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT02751320
Brief Title
Efficacy of Three Toothpastes Using an in Situ Caries Model
Official Title
Clinical Efficacy of Three Experimental Toothpastes Using an in Situ Caries Model
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
July 2017
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
February 1, 2016 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
July 1, 2016 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
August 11, 2016 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
GlaxoSmithKline
4. Oversight
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
This will be a single-centre, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, 6-treatment, 4-period crossover, incomplete block design, in situ caries study in healthy adults who wear a removable bilateral mandibular partial denture. The denture will be modified to accommodate 4 gauze-covered specimens of human dental enamel (4x3mm) that have been previously demineralized in vitro to form either S or low-R lesions (2 specimens of each lesion type will be used with each participant). After 14 days of twice daily product use off-site, the 2 S lesion specimens will be removed at the study site, with the remaining 2 low-R lesion specimens removed at the study site after a further 14 days of product use. To determine the remineralization ability of the treatments, all specimens will be analyzed by transverse microradiography (TMR) and enamel fluoride uptake (EFU), with the S lesions additionally analyzed by surface micro hardness (SMH) and the low-R lesions additionally analyzed by quantitative light fluorescence (QLF).
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Dental Caries
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Basic Science
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Crossover Assignment
Masking
Outcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
58 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Experimental Dentifrice1
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Arm Title
Experimental Dentifrice 2
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Arm Title
Experimental Dentifrice 3
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Arm Title
Reference Product 1
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Arm Title
Reference Product 2
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Arm Title
Reference Product 3
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Participants will brush their natural teeth with a pre-wetted toothbrush and their assigned dentifrice for one timed minute, ensuring the enamel specimens retained within their mouths are not directly brushed. Participants should then rinse their mouths with 15ml of tap water for approximately 10s.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
0.425 % w/w phytate,1150ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
0.85 % w/w phytate,1150ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
0.85 % w/w phytate,0.3%ZnCl2 0.5% sodium citrate, 1150ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
0 ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
1150ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
0.3%ZnCl2, 0.5% sodium citrate, 1150ppm F
Intervention Description
Participants were assigned with 1.5±0.1g twice daily dentifrice for one timed minute.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Percentage Surface Microhardness Recovery (SMHR) of Phyte (0% 0.425% and 0.85%) at 2 Weeks
Description
SMHR test was used to assess the changes in mineralization status of partially demineralized enamel specimens using a Wilson 2100 Hardness tester. SMH was determined by measuring the length of the indentations of enamel specimens. % SMHR was calculated from indentation length (micrometer [μm]) of sound enamel specimen at baseline (B), indentation length (μm) after in vitro demineralization(D), indentation length (μm) after intra-oral exposure (R): [D-R/D-B]*100.
Time Frame
Baseline upto 2 weeks
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
% SMHR of 0.85% Phytate Compared to 0% Phytate, in Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.3% ZnCl2, 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm Fluoride and 0.85% Phytate
Description
SMHR test was used to assess the changes in mineralization status of partially demineralized enamel specimens using a Wilson 2100 Hardness tester. SMH was determined by measuring the length of the indentations of enamel specimens. % SMHR was calculated from indentation length (μm) of sound enamel specimen at baseline (B), indentation length (μm) after in vitro demineralization(D), indentation length (μm) after intra-oral exposure (R): [D-R/D-B]*100.
Time Frame
Baseline upto 2 weeks
Title
Transverse Microradiography (TMR) Net Remineralization Change (ΔM) Value of Phytate (0% 0.452% and 0.85%) at 4 Weeks
Description
TMR was used to assess changes in the mineral status of partially demineralized enamel specimens. Lesions were analyzed at baseline and Integrated Mineral Loss (∆Z): (∆Z =(lesion depth x 87) - area under the curve [Area under the curve which relates volume % mineral at distances from the specimen surface with respect to section thickness]). After treatment a further section was taken from each lesion specimen for radiography assessment; ∆Z was calculated. The change which occurred in mineral content (∆M) of the lesions as a result of treatment was calculated by: ∆M= (baseline ∆Z - Post-treatment ∆Z).
Time Frame
Baseline upto 4 weeks
Title
TMR Δm Value of 0.85% Phytate Compared to 0% Phytate, in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.3% ZnCl2, 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.3% ZnCl2 Compared to 0% ZnCl2 in the Presence of 1150ppm F and 0.85% Phytate
Description
TMR was used to assess changes in the mineral status of partially demineralized enamel specimens. Lesions were analyzed at baseline and Integrated Mineral Loss (∆Z): (∆Z =(lesion depth x 87) - area under the curve [Area under the curve which relates volume % mineral at distances from the specimen surface with respect to section thickness]). After treatment a further section was taken from each lesion specimen for radiography assessment; ∆Z was calculated. The change which occurred in mineral content (∆M) of the lesions as a result of treatment was calculated by: ∆M= (baseline ∆Z - Post-treatment ∆Z).
Time Frame
Baseline upto 4 weeks
Title
Enamel Fluoride Uptake (EFU) of All Study Formulation Variables
Description
The microdrill enamel biopsy technique was used to analyze the fluoride uptake by enamel. Each enamel specimen was mounted on the long axis of a drill attached to a microdrill and drilled to a depth of approximately 100 μm through the entire lesion (four cores per specimen). The enamel powder pooled from four drilling samples was then immediately analyzed for fluoride content using fluoride specific electrode and pH/ion meter. The amount of fluoride-uptake by enamel was calculated based on the amount of fluoride divided by the area of the enamel cores and expressed as μg/cm^2.
Time Frame
At Week 2
Title
Enamel Fluoride Uptake (EFU) of All Study Formulation Variables
Description
The microdrill enamel biopsy technique was used to analyze the fluoride uptake by enamel. Each enamel specimen was mounted on the long axis of a drill attached to a microdrill and drilled to a depth of approximately 100 μm through the entire lesion (four cores per specimen). The enamel powder pooled from four drilling samples was then immediately analyzed for fluoride content using fluoride specific electrode and pH/ion meter. The amount of fluoride-uptake by enamel was calculated based on the amount of fluoride divided by the area of the enamel cores and expressed as μg/cm^2.
Time Frame
At Week 4
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
85 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Demonstrates understanding of the study.
Aged 18 to 85 years.
Understands and is willing, able and likely to comply with all study procedures and restrictions.
Has good general health (in the opinion of the investigator or medically qualified designee).
A salivary flow-rate in the range of normal values (unstimulated whole saliva flow- Rate ≥ 0.2 g/minute (min); gum base stimulated whole saliva flow-Rate ≥ 0.8 g/min).
Currently wearing a removable mandibular partial denture with sufficient room in the posterior buccal flange area to accommodate two enamel specimens.
Have no current active caries or periodontal disease and all restorations in a good state of repair.
Willing and capable of brushing their natural teeth with the lower partial denture in place.
Exclusion Criteria:
Pregnant or breast feeding women.
Known or suspected intolerance or hypersensitivity to the study materials or their stated ingredients.
Currently taking antibiotics or have taken antibiotics in the two weeks prior to the screening visit.
Unable to measure product weights accurately using the assigned study scale as determined by the study staff as demonstrated.
Participation in another clinical study or receipt of an investigational drug within 30 days of the screening visit.
Have received a professional fluoride treatment within 14 days of randomization to the first treatment.
Recent history (within the last year) of alcohol or other substance abuse.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
GSK Clinical Trials
Organizational Affiliation
GlaxoSmithKline
Official's Role
Study Director
Facility Information:
Facility Name
GSK Investigational Site
City
Indianapolis
State/Province
Indiana
ZIP/Postal Code
46202
Country
United States
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Learn more about this trial
Efficacy of Three Toothpastes Using an in Situ Caries Model
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