Triple Combination Therapy in High Risk Crohn's Disease (CD)

An Open-Label, Phase 4 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Triple Combination Therapy With Vedolizumab IV, Adalimumab SC, and Oral Methotrexate in Early Treatment of Subjects With Crohn's Disease Stratified at Higher Risk for Developing Complications

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of triple combination therapy with an anti-integrin (vedolizumab intravenous [IV]), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist (adalimumab subcutaneously [SC]), and an immunomodulator (oral methotrexate) on endoscopic remission in participants with newly-diagnosed CD stratified at higher risk for complications.

The drug being tested in this study is called vedolizumab. Vedolizumab is being tested to treat people who have CD. This study will look at the endoscopic remission and mucosal healing of gastrointestinal tract of people who take vedolizumab as triple combination therapy with adalimumab and methotrexate. The study will enroll approximately 60 participants. Participants will receive triple combination therapy which includes: Vedolizumab 300 mg (intravenous) Adalimumab 160/80/40 mg (subcutaneous) Methotrexate 15 mg (oral) All participants will receive vedolizumab intravenous infusion on Weeks 0, 2, 6, 14 and 22 along with adalimumab 160 mg, subcutaneous injection at Week 0, 80 mg at Week 2, then 40 mg once at Week 4 and every 2 weeks thereafter until Week 26 along with methotrexate tablets orally, once weekly from Weeks 0 up to Week 34. In monotherapy phase, all participants will receive vedolizumab intravenous infusion once at Weeks 30, 38, 46, 54, 62, 70, 78, 86, 94 and 102. This multi-center trial will be conducted in the United States and Canada. The overall time to participate in this study is 128 weeks. Participants will make multiple visits to the clinic, plus a final visit 18 weeks after last dose of study drug for a safety follow-up assessment. Participants will also participate in a long-term safety questionnaire, by phone, at 26 weeks (6 months) from the last dose of study drug.

In Triple Combination Therapy Phase, vedolizumab 300 mg, intravenous (IV) infusion, once at Weeks 0, 2, 6, 14 and 22, with adalimumab 160 mg subcutaneously (SC), once at Week 0, then 80 mg once at Week 2, then 40 mg once at Week 4 and every 2 weeks thereafter until Week 26 along with oral methotrexate 15 mg tablets orally once weekly from Weeks 0 up to Week 34. In Monotherapy Phase, vedolizumab 300 mg IV infusion once at Weeks 30, 38, 46, 54, 62, 70, 78, 86, 94 and 102.

Endoscopic remission was defined as simple endoscopic score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) scale score from 0-2. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, proportion of the surface area that was ulcerated, proportion of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was the sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease.

Endoscopic healing was defined as SES-CD score ≤4 and reduction from Baseline in SES-CD score of at least 2 points and no individual SES-CD subscore >1. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, proportion of the surface area that is ulcerated, proportion of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was the sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Endoscopic response was defined as 50% reduction in SES-CD score from Baseline. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, proportion of the surface area that is ulcerated, proportion of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was the sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Negative change indicates improvement.

Deep remission was defined as Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) score <150 and SES-CD score from 0-2. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Percentage of Participants Achieving Clinical Remission and Endoscopic Response as a Measure of Mucosal Healing at Week 26

Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. Endoscopic response was defined as 50% reduction in SES-CD score from Baseline, as mucosal healing. CDAI was scoring system for assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below are associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The SES-CD total was sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Clinical response was defined as ≥100-point decrease in CDAI score. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

The change between the CRP levels were collected at Weeks 10 and 26 relative to Baseline. Negative change indicates improvement.

The change between the fecal calprotectin concentrations collected at Weeks 10, 14, 26, 52, 78, and 102 relative to Baseline were reported. Baseline is defined as the last observation prior to the first dose of the study drug.

Percentage of Participants Achieving Clinical Remission and CRP <5 Milligram Per Liter (mg/L) at Weeks 26, 52, 78, and 102

Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150 and CRP level <5 mg/L in participants with elevated CRP level at Baseline. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicate active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Percentage of Participants Using Oral Corticosteroids at Baseline Who Have Discontinued Corticosteroids and Are in Clinical Remission at Weeks 10, 26, and 102

Percentage of participants using oral corticosteroids at Baseline who had discontinued corticosteroids and were in clinical remission at weeks 10, 26, and 102 were reported. Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below are associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicate active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below are associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Clinical response was defined as ≥100-point decrease in CDAI score. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Endoscopic remission was defined as SES-CD score 0-2. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicated more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Deep remission was defined as CDAI score <150 and SES-CD score 0-2. Clinical remission was defined as CDAI score <150. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below are associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 were seen with extremely severe disease. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Endoscopic healing was defined as SES-CD score <=4 and reduction from Baseline in SES-CD score of at least 2 points and no individual SES-CD subscore >1. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to single decimal.

Endoscopic response was defined as 50% reduction in SES-CD score from Baseline. The SES-CD evaluated 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The score for each endoscopic variable was sum of values obtained for each segment. The SES-CD total was the sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease.

Percentage of Participants Maintaining Clinical Remission and Endoscopic Response as a Measure of Mucosal Healing at Week 102

Clinical remission is defined as CDAI score <150. Endoscopic response defined as 50% reduction in SES-CD score from Baseline, as mucosal healing. CDAI is scoring system for assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below are associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicate active disease and values above 450 are seen with extremely severe disease. The SES-CD evaluates 4 endoscopic variables (ulcer size, percentage of the surface area that is ulcerated, percentage of the surface area affected, and stenosis in 5 colonic segments evaluated during ileocolonoscopy (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum). The SES-CD total is sum of the 4 endoscopic variable scores from 0 to 56, where higher scores indicate more severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to the nearest decimal value.

First exacerbation of CD after 26 weeks was defined as either: 1) a CDAI increase of >70 from the prior visit on 2 occasions separated by a 2-week interval, objective evidence of disease activity by colonoscopy or CRP above normal OR 2) fecal calprotectin >250 microgram per gram (mcg/g) alone. CDAI was scoring system for the assessment of CD activity, index values of 150 and below were associated with quiescent disease; values above that indicated active disease and values above 450 are seen with extremely severe disease. Percentages are rounded off to the nearest decimal value.

Inclusion Criteria: Has an initial diagnosis of CD established within 24 months prior to screening with involvement of the ileum and/or colon that can be assessed by ileocolonoscopy. Has moderate to severely active CD during Screening defined by a centrally assessed simple endoscopic score for Crohn disease (SES-CD) score >=7 (or >=4 if isolated ileal disease). Exclusion Criteria: Gastrointestinal (GI) Exclusion Criteria Has a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) or indeterminate colitis. Has clinical evidence of a current abdominal abscess or a history of prior abdominal abscess. Has a known perianal fistula with abscess. (The participant may have a perianal fistula without abscess.) Has a known fistula (other than perianal fistula).

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IPD from eligible studies will be shared with qualified researchers according to the criteria and process described on https://vivli.org/ourmember/takeda/. For approved requests, the researchers will be provided access to anonymized data (to respect patient privacy in line with applicable laws and regulations) and with information necessary to address the research objectives under the terms of a data sharing agreement.