Influence of Different Forms of Exercise Training in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Comparative Effect of Water-based and Land-based Exercise Training on Exercise Capacity and Other Selected Cardiovascular Parameters in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

The aim of the study is to compare the effect of water-based and land-based exercise training, and usual care (no exercise training) in patient with coronary artery disease, on exercise capacity, vascular function, arrhythmogenic potential and cardiac autonomic function, and markers of neurohormonal activity, activated hemostasis and inflammation.

Swimming and other water-based physical activities represent an effective form of aerobic-dynamic exercise. However, existing guidelines mainly advise caution when recommending water-based activities to patients with coronary artery disease. To date, safety and efficacy of short-term water-based exercise in patients with coronary artery diseases have only scarcely been addressed. Cardiovascular rehabilitation is an integral part of management after a myocardial infarction or coronary procedure. Most rehabilitation programs are exercise-based, since the beneficial effects of physical activity undisputed, and corroborated by a large body of evidence. Most rehabilitation programs are exercise-based, since the beneficial effects of physical activity undisputed, and corroborated by a large body of evidence. Research has mainly been focused on the impact assessment of the standard forms of physical training, they studied various forms of physical exercise, mainly land-based. No previous study has reported on the effect of exercise in water as an integral element of standard cardiac rehabilitation in coronary patients on exercise capacity, vascular function, arrhythmogenic potential and cardiac autonomic function, and markers of neurohormonal activity, activated hemostasis and inflammation.

Intervention: Patients randomized to the "water-based exercise training group" will undergo water-based exercise training. The immersed exercise will include two session of aerobic (water-based) and calisthenic exercise per day, six days of a week, each lasting 30 minutes.

Patients randomized to the "land-based exercise training group" will undergo exercise training which will include two aerobic and calisthenic exercise session per day, six days of a week, lasting 30 minutes

Water-based training will be performed in upright position, in waist to xyphoid process deep thermo-neutral water at temperature of 32,8 C. The immersed exercise will include two session of aerobic and calisthenic exercise per day, six days of a week, both lasting 30 minutes

Land-based training will include two aerobic and calisthenic exercise session per day, six days of a week, both lasting 30 minutes

Inclusion Criteria: patients with coronary artery disease after myocardial infarction or myocardial revascularization (percutaneous coronary procedure or surgical revascularization) Exclusion Criteria: unstable coronary artery disease, ejection fraction of the left ventricle of 40% or less, heart valve defect that dictate specific treatment, condition after valve replacement, heart rhythm disorders, the presence of a permanent pacemaker, contraindications to exercise, inability to perform exercise testing, mental retardation, severe anemia, obstructive/restrictive lung disease severe degree, recent thrombo embolic events, age over 80 years.

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