Cognitive Inhibition, Psychosocial Interactions and Suicide Attempt in Elderly (OBSUIVAL)

Cognitive Inhibition Impairment and Suicide Attempt in Elderly: Eye Tracking Characterization and Impact of Psychosocial Interactions

The study aims to determine the correlation between the cognitive inhibition impairment and the history of suicide attempt in elderly depressed patients.

2 groups of patients will be studied: in the first group, depressed patients with a history of suicide attempt will be included whereas in the second group, depressed patients without a history of suicide attempt will be included. For each group, the cognitive inhibition will be assessed trough an eye tracker task (antisaccade). Both groups will also be compared on their neuropsychological characteristics and the quality of social interactions of participants.

elderly depressed patients with a history of suicide attempt. interventions: eye tracking, neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric assessment and sociological interview.

elderly depressed patients without a history of suicide attempt. interventions: eye tracking, neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric assessment and sociological interview.

several oculomotor parameters will be recorded using vide-oculography techniques (eye tracking) trough different tasks: saccade, antisaccade, and picture scanning. Saccade task: the patient is looking at a screen and is asked to fix his gaze as quickly and accurately as possible on the red dot appearing on the periphery of the screen. Prosaccade task: the patient is looking at a screen and is asked to fix his gaze as quickly and accurately as possible on the opposite side relative to the red dot appearing on the periphery of the screen. Picture Scanning: participant is instructed to freely watch pictures with different emotional valence.

the neuropsychological assessment aims to identify any impairment of executive functioning through several tasks: Mini mental state examination (mmse), isaac set test (STI) trail making test (TMT A and B), Grober test, Stroop test, verbal fluency, Go No Go task, memory impairment screen (MIS), picture naming test (DO30), copying figure test, digit span and categorical matching test.

this evaluation aims to characterize the mental status of the patient. Different scales will be used: Montgomery and ASberg depression rating scale (MADRS), Columbia-suicide severity rating scale (C-SSRS), Beck depression inventory (BDI), Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-10), Buss and Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), Balloon, analogue risk task (BART), Iowa gambling task (IGT), and Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ).

this interview aims to characterize social interactions of the patients, their duration, their evolution and the perception of each participant on this subject.

distance between the eye position at the end of the first saccade, and the ideal position to engage the target in central vision

Inclusion Criteria: major depressive disorder according to Diagnostic ans Statistical Manual (DSM) V group 1: with a history of suicide attempt group 2: without a history of suicide attempt Exclusion Criteria: other psychiatric disease guardianship