Remediation of Auditory Recognition in Schizophrenia With tDCS

Remediation of Auditory Recognition in Schizophrenia With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)

The purpose of this study is to determine whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), when combined with different forms of computer based training, improves the ability to discriminate small differences between sounds in people diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

This study uses an experimental procedure called transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Little is known about how tDCS affects the brain or why some people diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder have trouble with certain kinds of hearing. This study is being done to see if an experimental computer training program, when combined with tDCS, can help people to hear better. In tDCS, a small amount of electricity is passed through electrodes placed on the head that is able to stimulate the brain. By stimulating the brain, the investigators believe that the functioning of the brain can be altered. This study will test whether such stimulation of the brain, when done with computer training, can improve hearing ability and if this improvement helps in other ways, like detecting changes in someone's tone of voice or understanding other people's emotions better. The data being collected aims to better understand how the brain processes sounds and how tDCS affects the brain.

Auditory remediation program paired with active transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for 30 minutes, 2-3 sessions per week

Auditory remediation program paired with sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for 30 minutes, 2-3 sessions per week

Non-remediation, control computer activities (e.g. games) with sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for 30 minutes, 2-3 sessions per week

The TASIT is a measure of social cognition, theory of mind as reflected in the ability to detect lies/sarcasm while viewing social vignettes. Total scores range from 0-100% correct. Higher numbers (positive change) are considered better.

Change in event related potentials (ERP) acquired during a task of auditory mismatch negativity (MMN), assessed with electroencephalography (EEG)

Inclusion Criteria: Age 18-55 Primary diagnosis of Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder English fluency Willing/capable to provide informed consent Auditory tone matching deficits Receiving stable doses of antipsychotic medication(s) for at least 2 weeks IQ>75 Exclusion Criteria: Serious neurological disorder or medical condition/ treatment known to affect the brain. Neurological Disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS), such as epilepsy, neurodegenerative disorders, movement disorders and sensory disorders. Current or past history (within the last 6 months) of substance abuse or dependence (excluding nicotine) Pregnancy or breastfeeding Taking anticholinergic medication (e.g. Cogentin, Thorazine, Clozaril, thioridazine)

Roberts MT, Lloyd J, Valimaki M, Ho GW, Freemantle M, Bekefi AZ. Video games for people with schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 4;2(2):CD012844. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012844.pub2.