Specificity of Dyspnoea Relief With Inhaled Furosemide (FurosAH)
Dyspnea
About this trial
This is an interventional basic science trial for Dyspnea focused on measuring Air hunger, Work/effort, Aerosolized, Hypercapnia, Resistive load, Nebulised
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy individuals
Exclusion Criteria:
- On any medication, including herbal medication (other than mild analgesics, vitamins and mineral supplements or, for females, oral contraceptives), whether prescribed or over-the-counter, in the two weeks prior to test sessions involving administration of furosemide or saline.
- Female participants who are pregnant, lactating or planning pregnancy over the course of trial
- A medical history of heart, kidney or liver disease/electrolyte disturbances/ immunosuppression/frequent fainting episodes/COPD/nasal polyps/Addison's/acute porphyria/significant prostatic symptoms/acute gout attack/life expectancy <6months or history of allergic reaction to furosemide and/or any of the other ingredients of furosemide or amiloride, sulfonamides or sulphonamide derivatives, such as sulfadiazine or co-trimoxazole
- Any other significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may either put the participants at risk because of participation in the trial, or may influence the result of the trial, or the participant's ability to participate in the trial.
- Have participated in another research trial involving an investigational product in the past 4 weeks.
Sites / Locations
- Oxford Brookes University
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Active Comparator
Experimental
Air Hunger
Work Effort
Previous studies have shown that inhaled furosemide relieves 'air hunger'. Each volunteer has 3 mists per visit. The mists are either in the order of Furosemide-Saline-Furosemide or Saline-Furosemide-Saline. The furosemide mist is 40mg (10mg/ml) nebulised and the saline mist is 4ml nebulised. Induced air hunger (hypercapnia with constrained ventilation) is the active comparator and will be the type of breathlessness induced, before and after each mist inhalation on one day. .
Induced sense of breathing effort (raised ventilation with external resistive load) is the 'experimental arm' and will be the type of breathlessness induced, before and after each mist inhalation on the other day. .