Effect of a Plant Rich Diet on in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese

About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Men and women ages 18-75
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed > 6 months prior to screening visit according to American Diabetes Association criteria
- HBA1c >7.5% but < 10%
- BMI >25 kg/m2 ; >23 kg/m2 for Asian subjects but < 45 kg/m2
- Stable weight (variation < 5 kg within 6 months of screening visit)
- Ability to give informed consent
- Ability to follow verbal and written instructions in English
Exclusion Criteria:
- Active cardiac issues: history of myocardial infarction within 3 months of screening visit, unstable angina pectoris, or Class III or Class IV congestive heart failure
- Persistent uncontrolled hypertension (BP > 160/100 mmHg on or off antihypertensive medication)
- Active marijuana or intravenous drug use
- Recent weight loss (> 5 kg within 6 months of the screening visit)
- Inflammatory or irritable bowel disease (Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, or IBS)
- Celiac disease
- Malignancy treated with chemotherapy within the past 1 year
- Depression or psychosis requiring hospitalization within 1 year, or use of major antipsychotic or tranquilizer drugs (i.e. benzodiazepines)
- Renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min)
- Transaminases > 2x above the normal range
- Pregnancy within 6 months of the screening visit
- Lactation
- History of surgery for the treatment of obesity (gastric banding, gastric bypass, gastric stapling
- History of alcohol abuse within the past 5 years
- Vegetarian/Vegan diet
- Dairy Allergy/Intolerance
- Anemia, including iron deficient and megaloblastic
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Leber's disease
Sites / Locations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Experimental
NDPR diet
USDA diet
Subjects randomized to the nutrient dense plant rich (NDPR) diet will eat foods with high micronutrient density, and favorable glycemic index. The diet is low in saturated fat, high in fiber, and rich in phytochemicals. Total caloric intake will range from 1600-2000/day based on individual needs. Foods include vegetables (30-70% of calories), fruits (15-20% of calories), Beans/Legumes (20-30% of calories), raw nuts and seeds (10-20% of calories), fish or fat-free dairy (twice weekly or less), poultry, eggs and oils (once weekly or less) and limited beef, cheese/milk, processed food and beef.
Subjects randomized to the healthy U.S.-Style pattern diet will eat the types and proportions of foods Americans typically consume, but in nutrient-dense forms and appropriate amounts. It is designed to meet nutrient needs while not exceeding calorie requirements and while staying within limits for overconsumed dietary components. Total caloric intake will range from 1600-2000/day based on individual needs. Foods include fruits, vegetables (dark green, red/orange, beans, and peas, starchy vegetables), grains (whole grains and refined grains), protein foods (meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, nuts, seeds and soy products), dairy, and oils.