Acute Exercise and Free-living Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes

About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Type 2 Diabetes focused on measuring Exercise, Interval Training, Glycaemic Control, Type 2 Diabetes
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- 18-60 year-old men who have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes by a clinician at least 3 months prior to the start of the study according to standard criteria.
- Able and willing to safely comply with all study procedures.
- Able to provide written informed consent whilst acknowledging their freedom to withdraw at any point during the study.
- Inactive or moderately physically active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Aged < 18 years or > 60 years
- Female
- Insulin therapy
- Use of more than two antidiabetic drugs
- Use of βblockers
- Use of inhaled steroids (e.g. for asthma)
- Any cardiovascular condition with the exception of well-controlled uncomplicated hypertension (systolic >160 mmHg and/or >90mmHg after at least 5 min of seated rest), which is treated with no more than two drugs (either an ACE, ARB, calcium channel blocker, or diuretic)
- Cerebrovascular disease including previous stroke or aneurysm
- History of exercise-induced asthma
- History of Type 1 diabetes mellitus or a history of ketoacidosis
- History of other specific types of diabetes (e.g., genetic syndromes, secondary pancreatic diabetes, diabetes due to endocrinopathies, drug or chemical-induced, and post organ transplant)
- Any prior history of malignancy with the exception of: basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has been recurrence free for 5 years, other malignancies (regardless of site) that have been recurrence free for 10 years.
- History of respiratory disease including pulmonary hypertension or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- History of musculoskeletal or neurological disorders
- Active inflammatory bowel disease
- History of renal disease
- Other metabolic diseases, including hyper/ hypo parathyroidism, hyper/hypo thyroidism, and Cushing's disease.
- BMI>35 kg/m2
- Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure >160 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg after at least a 5 minute seated rest at the screening visit).
A clinically significant resting and/or exercise ECG abnormality at the pre-screening visit which in the opinion of the cardiovascular physiologist exposes the participant to risk by take part in the main trial. In line with The Society for Cardiological Science & Technology recommendations for exercise testing, this includes:
- Central nervous system symptoms (e.g. ataxia, dizziness, or near syncope)
- Signs of poor perfusion (cyanosis or pallor)
- Any detection of arrhythmias
- Rapid ST elevation with or without pain
- Systolic blood pressures >230mmHg
- >2mm ST elevation with symptoms
- >3mm ST depression without symptoms
- 'Yes' to any questions on a standard physical activity readiness questionnaire (PARQ)
- Classification as highly physically active on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
- Current participation in another research study
- Inability to fully understand the verbal and written descriptions of the study in English, and the instructions provided during the study
Sites / Locations
- Ulster UniversityRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
No Intervention
Reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training
High Intensity Interval Training (HIT)
Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise
Sedentary (no exercise)
Cycling Exercise. 2 x 20-sec sprints.
Cycling Exercise. 10 x 1 min at approx 85% peak power output (Wmax)
Cycling exercise. 30 min at 50% peak power output (Wmax)
No exercise. Rest.