Virtual Reality Versus Conventional Exercise Intradialysis

Comparison of Two Exercise Programs Intradialysis: Virtual Reality Exercise Versus Conventional Exercise

All participants exercised during 16 weeks following a conventional intradialysis exercise program. The last 4 weeks of the study participants were randomized into two different exercise programs intradialysis. One group exercised through a virtual reality exercise adapted specially for patients while receiving hemodialysis treatment. The other group exercised with a conventional exercise program, combining aerobic cycling and strengthening exercises.

The first 16 weeks all participants followed an intradialysis exercise program. The exercise program consisted of strengthening exercises for lower limbs and for the upper limb free of fistula. The exercise program included isotonic exercises for quadriceps, triceps surae, psoas, glutei, and brachial biceps; and isometric exercises for hip adductors and hamstrings. Elastic bands were used to apply resistance. Progression was achieved from increasing from 1 set of 10 repetitions until 3 sets of 15 repetitions. This first part lasted no more than 30 minutes. The program also included aerobic exercise (cycling) for up to 30 minutes. Intensity was adapted through the duration of the study so that the participant felt the exercise from hard to somewhat hard (13 to 15 at the rate of perceived exertion 6 to 20). Time and resistance were adapted progressively. The last four weeks of the program participants were randomized into virtual reality exercise or conventional exercise group. The virtual reality exercise group undertook 30 minutes of exercise. After warming up, participants had to play to an adapted 'treasure hunt' game. Their legs movements were the players projected into an individual tv that gave them feedback regarding their achievements. The aim of the game was to achieve the higher possible score.They moved to pick up coins and to avoid bombs. An adapted Kinect technology was used for the game development.

Virtual reality exercise performed during the hemodialysis session, using the Kinect, specially adapted for patients undertaking hemodialysis

Exercise combining both aerobic (cycling) and strengthening exercise of lower limbs for patients during the hemodialysis session

Aerobic exercise (cycling) and strengthening exercise for lower limbs using elastic bands and gravity

Inclusion Criteria: - Patients in HD therapy at least 3 months Exclusion Criteria: recent myocardial infarction (within 6 weeks) unstable angina malignant arrhythmias above the knee amputation without replacement cerebral vascular disease (ictus, transient ischemia) musculoskeletal and respiratory disorders that can get worse with exercise impossibility to achieve functional testing