The Effects of a Combined Exercise Training Program on Vascular Health and Metabolic Profile in Obese Adolescent Girls.

The Effects of a Combined Exercise Training Program on Vascular Health and Metabolic Profile in Obese Adolescent Girls.

The Effects of a 12- Week Combined Exercise Training Program on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Profile in Obese Adolescent Girls: A Pilot Study.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of 12 weeks of combined exercise training (CET) on arterial stiffness, endothelial function, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance, and body composition in obese adolescent girls. Thirty obese adolescent girls participated in this study. The girls were randomly divided into CET group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The CET group performed concurrent resistance training followed by aerobic training at 40-70% of the heart rate reserves (HRR) 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Plasma nitric oxide, endothelin-1, C-reactive protein, arterial stiffness, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose, insulin, and the adiponectin/leptin ratio were measured before and after the 12-weeks study.

Fifteen obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake was 1921.7 kcal/day.

Fifteen obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 3 times per a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake was 1921.7 kcal/day.

The CET program was performed for 60 minutes with 5 minutes of warm-up and cool-down per day, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Combined exercise consisted of 20 minutes of various resistant band exercises (Upper body: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, chest press; Lower body: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat) and 30 minutes of treadmill walking. The warm-up and cool down consisted of static stretching. Intensity of exercise was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve (HRR) in weeks 1-4, and to 60-70% HRR in weeks 9-12. Each training session was fully supervised by the researchers. Every subject wore a heart rate monitor during the whole training session so as to maintain the correct training intensity.

Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Waist circumference was measured at midpoint between the lower rib and the iliac crest at the end of a normal expiration using a tape measure

Maximal heart rate was obtained at the end of a graded treadmill exercise test performed until volitional exhaustion.

Inclusion Criteria: Obese with hyperinsulinemia Abdominal obesity Sedentary (no regular exercise training or physical activity) No weight loss diet during last 6 months. Exclusion Criteria: Hypertension Pregnancy Chronic disease

Wong A, Sanchez-Gonzalez MA, Son WM, Kwak YS, Park SY. The Effects of a 12-Week Combined Exercise Training Program on Arterial Stiffness, Vasoactive Substances, Inflammatory Markers, Metabolic Profile, and Body Composition in Obese Adolescent Girls. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2018 Nov 1;30(4):480-486. doi: 10.1123/pes.2017-0198. Epub 2018 Sep 7. Erratum In: Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2020 Aug 1;32(3):183.