Obesity, Sarcopenic, Risk of Falls in Spanish Postmenopausal Women

Effects of a Program of Pilates Exercises on Obesity, Sarcopenic, Risk of Falls and Health in Spanish Postmenopausal Women

To analyze the effects of a Pilates exercise program on obesity, sarcopenic, risk of falls and health in Spanish postmenopausal women.

This is a randomized clinical trial of single-blind with 2 arms (Control group and experimental group), in which a pre-treatment-postest design has been used. The study will define two groups: A control group (CG) that will not be submitted to treatment, which will be evaluated in the pre and post phase of the study. Participants assigned to this group will receive general advice on the positive effects of regular physical activity and will be given a guide to recommendations for promoting physical activity. An experimental group (GE) that after an initial evaluation will undergo a physical training program based on Pilates exercises. Once the intervention is finished, it will be submitted to a final evaluation to see if there is a difference or not with the results obtained at the beginning.

The assignment to the groups will be of simple random type and hidden. Those responsible for admitting patients to the intervention phase will not know what group has been assigned each. This assignment will be made in advance by a researcher who will not intervene in the later stages of evaluation, intervention, data recording and elaboration of database. The assignment will be communicated through sealed and totally opaque envelopes. All measurements given above will be made both to the control group and to the experimental group just prior to the start of the intervention, and immediately after and six months after the end of this period, and the results will be recorded in a data record

Training based on a basic level Pilates exercise program will be as follows: A duration of weeks with a frequency of 2 sessions a week and with a duration of 55 minutes each. The exercises to be performed will be divided into three distinct phases: warm-up, lasting 15 minutes; Main part with a duration of 30 minutes and the return to calm, based mostly on stretching and with a duration of 10 minutes. The repetitions of the exercises will be between 5 and 10 according to the difficulty.

A self-report scale describing the severity of fatigue and the impact of fatigue on activities of daily living.

A reliable, valid and practical screening tool for identifying and quantifying anxiety and/or depression in non- patients.

Assesses the severity of menopause-related complaints and the impact on health-related quality of life.

Valid and reliable tool to quantify and measure the 4 major components of body composition: Water, Protein, Minerals and Fat.

Is computed based on muscle mass of the limbs, which is almost composed of skeletal muscle and takes up about 70% of total body skeletal muscle

The standard range of Body Fat Mass is ascertained by calculating an examinee Body Fat Mass as compared to the standard weight and standard Body Fat Mass.

Is calculated from the formula, Weight (kg) / Height2 (m2), whose unit is kg/m2. It is a rough indicator of total body fat.

Is the technology that assumes the body as five cylinders of four limbs and trunk and measures the impedance of these parts separately. Segmental body composition analysis provides segmental measurement of body water, muscle mass, and fat free mass.

Is an innovative system for movement analysis and functional assessment of patients with normal or pathological conditions. REACTION TEST: This test detects the time between one optical/acoustic impulse and the patient's movement. It can be used to measure simple reactions or more complex movements

Instrument composed of resistive pressure sensors, used to measure the static or postural balance. The test was performed under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions.

Is an estimate of the average velocity of displacement of the center of pressures of the subject during the whole test.

Is the dimensionless ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips. This is calculated as waist measurement divided by hip measurement.

Inclusion Criteria: No menstrual activity for at least 12 months. Present obesity and / or sarcopenic. Do not participate in a weight loss program. Be able to understand the instructions, programs and protocols of this project. Exclusion Criteria: Contraindications for conducting physical tests. Diseases that limit the static and dynamic balance and physical activity. - Central or peripheral vestibular or nerve alterations.