Controlled Fluid Resuscitation in Sepsis

Early goal-directed fluid therapy (EGDT) had been regarded as an important fluid therapy strategy in early sepsis or septic shock patients. In recent years, several randomized control studies showed the EGDT therapy cannot make a better outcome in sepsis patients compared to the standard therapy. A strategy of controlled fluid resuscitation had showed good outcome in critical illness such as severe acute pancreatitis, major trauma. But many aspects of the so-called controlled fluid resuscitation remained controversial. In a previous study on severe acute pancreatitis, we described a bundle of controlled fluid resuscitation which had showed an ideal result with higher survival rate. So, we are going to use the bundle on sepsis patients, and to see if it can bring a better out come in sepsis patients compared to the EGDT strategy. This study aims to determine a better strategy of fluid resuscitation in sepsis patients

Early Goal Directed Therapy ：30ml/kg in the first bolus to have a CVP（central venous pressure） 8-12 mmHg and MAP（mean artery pressure ） 65-85 mm Hg,and urine output ≥0.5 ml/kg/h, ScvO2 ≤70%；If not, use noradrenaline，red blood cell transfusion if necessary.

Ruijin Strategy therapy：10~5ml/kg/h，crystalloid vs colloid 2:1 resuscitation;using noradrenaline at the same time;red blood cell transfusion if necessary. target： fulfillment of two or more of four criteria:1. HR（heart rate） <120 beats/min, 2.MAP 65-85 mm Hg, 3. urine output ≥1 ml/kg /h 4. HCT（hematocrit） 25%~35%.

EGDT therapy ：30ml/kg in the first bolus to have a CVP 8-12 mmHg and MAP 65-85 mm Hg,and urine output ≥0.5 ml/kg/h, ScvO2 ≤70%；If not, use noradrenine，red blood cell transfusion if necessary.

Ruijin Strategy：10~5ml/kg/h，crystalloid vs colloid 2:1 resuscitation;using noradrenaline at the same time;red blood cell transfusion if necessary. target： fulfillment of two or more of four criteria:1. HR <120 beats/min, 2.MAP 65-85 mm Hg, 3. urine output ≥1 ml/kg /h 4. HCT 25%~35%.

Inclusion Criteria: 1.sepsis patients in accordance with the Sepsis 3.0 definition(SOFA increase ≥2 compared to the baseline，due to infection ) 2.the first blood lactate in our hospital is ≥ 4mmol/L or MAP<90mmHg after 20ml/kg fluid bolus 3.the shock is diagnosed within 24hrs after onset Exclusion Criteria: - 1.<18 years old 2.Pregnancy 3 with co-morbidity such as AE-COPD, stroke, seizure, lung edema, acute coronary syndrome 4 with contra-indication of CVC(central venous catheter) placement 5 trauma or major burn 6 poisoning 7 any cancer receiving chemotherapy 8.immunosuppression (for organ transplantation or disease of immune system) 9.acute pancreatitis 10.relapse sepsis

Mao EQ, Tang YQ, Fei J, Qin S, Wu J, Li L, Min D, Zhang SD. Fluid therapy for severe acute pancreatitis in acute response stage. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009 Jan 20;122(2):169-73.

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Clinical Trials Network; Wiedemann HP, Wheeler AP, Bernard GR, Thompson BT, Hayden D, deBoisblanc B, Connors AF Jr, Hite RD, Harabin AL. Comparison of two fluid-management strategies in acute lung injury. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jun 15;354(24):2564-75. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa062200. Epub 2006 May 21.

Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, Bellomo R, Bernard GR, Chiche JD, Coopersmith CM, Hotchkiss RS, Levy MM, Marshall JC, Martin GS, Opal SM, Rubenfeld GD, van der Poll T, Vincent JL, Angus DC. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):801-10. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.0287.