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Effect of the CAIPaDi Care Model in Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (CAIPaDi)

Primary Purpose

Metabolic Syndrome

Status
Unknown status
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Mexico
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
CAIPaDi
Sponsored by
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Metabolic Syndrome focused on measuring Diabetes, Family, Impaired fasting-glucose, Carbohydrate intolerance

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being a relative of a patient of CAIPaDi
  • Fasting glucose of <125 mg/dl
  • Serum glucose of <199 mg/dl 2 hours after a glucose load of 75 gr

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of diabetes
  • Smoking
  • Who has any disabling or priority health condition other than prevention of diabetes

Sites / Locations

  • Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
  • Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

No Intervention

Experimental

Arm Label

Group A

Group B

Arm Description

Relatives of patients with diabetes who will only attend sessions at the center along with the patients on all the interventions of the center (except psychology and psychiatry), receiving instructions from each area on the first and fourth visit. When the patient with diabetes is in the psychology or psychiatry consultation, the relative will also be evaluated in these areas in an analogue form.

Relatives who will receive multidisciplinary care at the center The subjects from group B will be asked to be accompanied by another relative. If they accept, they will be included as a patient of the CAIPaDi program to receive all the interventions of the second, third and fourth visits in an individual form, without following the patient with diabetes.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Glycated hemoglobin
60% of patients with a glycated hemoglobin of <5.8
Body Mass Index
Difference of 2kg/m2 between groups

Secondary Outcome Measures

Serum glucose
<126 mg/dl
Non-HDL cholesterol
<160
Triglycerides
<150
Blood pressure
<140/90 mmHg
Weight loss
5% reduction of basal weight
Waist circumference
5 cm reduction of basal waist circumference
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD)
score of <7 points
Minutes of exercise per day
>30 minutes of exercise per day
Steps per day
>10,000 steps per day

Full Information

First Posted
July 27, 2017
Last Updated
June 17, 2021
Sponsor
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
Collaborators
Mexican National Institute of Public Health
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT03234946
Brief Title
Effect of the CAIPaDi Care Model in Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Acronym
CAIPaDi
Official Title
Effect of the CAIPaDi Care Model in Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
June 2021
Overall Recruitment Status
Unknown status
Study Start Date
June 19, 2017 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
June 19, 2021 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
June 19, 2021 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
Collaborators
Mexican National Institute of Public Health

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires long-term lifestyle changes that may affect the whole family. Hence, during the last decade, studies have focused mainly in the role of the members of the family and their influence in life quality or clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes. Therefore, the delivery of education only to the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may restrict the expectations of success in achieving the necessary modifications in lifestyle. Objectives: To assess the effect of the CAIPaDi (Centre of Comprehensive Care for the Patients with Diabetes) program interventions on various health indicators relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Detailed Description
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most challenging health issues of our time, the percentage of adults with this disease tripled in Mexico between 1993 and 2012; In 1993 the prevalence was 6.7% (cases previously diagnosed 4.6% and diagnosed during the survey 2.1%), whereas in 2012, the prevalence was 14.4% (7.3% previously diagnosed and 7.1% diagnosed during the survey) Identifying individuals at risk for developing diabetes and implementing prevention strategies is the optimal solution. Carbohydrate intolerance and impaired fasting glucose raise the risk of developing diabetes up to 20 times compared to those with normal levels of HbA1C and a progression rate to diabetes of 10% per year in the absence of any intervention. Randomized studies have shown that progression from impaired fasting glucose and glucose intolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications can be prevented by interventions focused on changes in lifestyle. This contributed to the implementation of new guidelines for the management of prediabetes, emphasizing the importance of timely interventions in this condition, which may be the most cost-effective alternative to avoid complications. One of the most important studies in primary diabetes prevention, the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), provided scientific evidence on the prevention and delay in the onset of diabetes in high-risk individuals, with a 58% risk reduction through lifestyle modifications, such as reduced fat and calorie intake, increased physical activity up to at least 150 minutes per week and loss of 5-7% of body weight. Another multicenter, randomized trial, the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS), showed that type 2 diabetes is preventable with lifestyle multidisciplinary interventions, with a 58% risk reduction similar to that of the DPP study in the group who received intensive treatment, compared to the control group, even significant changes were observed in metabolic parameters one and three years afterwards. In addition, a randomized, multicenter study in the city of Da Qing, China, with a population of 110,660 participants, demonstrated that diet and / or exercise lead to a significant decrease in the incidence of diabetes over a 6-year period in patients with carbohydrate intolerance, with an incidence of 67.7% in the control group, 43.8% in the group undergoing dietary changes and 46% in the diet and exercise group. Family history of diabetes is an independent risk factor for having the disease and provides information for the screening of individuals at risk and even represents an even more sensitive indicator than the presence of obesity. Diabetes is a chronic disease that involves changes in the patient's lifestyle that can affect the whole family. During the last decade, studies have focused mainly on the role of family members and their influence on the quality of life or clinical course of patients with diabetes. Therefore, providing education only to the individual diagnosed with type 2 diabetes could restrict the chances of success in achieving the necessary changes in lifestyle. Some studies have shown that the familial nature of type 2 diabetes is manifested by the presence of insulin resistance in first-degree relatives without diabetes, while others have revealed B-cell dysfunction, it seems that both insulin resistance and a diminished B-cell compensation are the family metabolic phenotype of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This highlights the importance of providing diabetes education not only to the patient, but also to their relatives, especially those who already have additional risk factors or prediabetes. In cross-sectional studies of diabetes, social support has been associated with a better glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and is positively related to overall health status and lifestyle changes. Additionally, the health status of family members of patients attending the sessions has been demonstrated, and social and family support in general is positively linked to health status and transcendental changes in lifestyle. These findings are justified by the results of the second multinational study, Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2TM), in which the disease was studied from the perspective of family members, patients and health professionals. Family members who deemed a greater responsibility for the management of diabetes had a lower quality of life and higher levels of disease impact and perceived burden, while less responsibility for the management of diabetes perceived by the patient's family members and an effective collaboration among them correlates with improved psychological well-being and quality of life for family members. Diabetes is associated with a sense of social disadvantage and stress not only in patients with diabetes but also in the members of their family, so there is a need to foster a larger network of family support through educational programs and to involve them in the treatment of the illness. To date there are no studies that accurately analyze the impact of social support on maintaining lifestyle changes in a supportive group setting. The study Families United analyzed the effect of social support in the prevention of diabetes, which has proved to be important for its management and even for other diseases such as obesity, it has been used to convey information regarding prevention of diabetes to minority and high-risk groups in communities. The social context in which the patient carries out self-care activities determines its success, so that obstructive behaviors such as sabotage or underestimating the patient's effort or hampering their self-care are associated with a greater HbA1C and a reduction of motivation and adherence to treatment, diet plan and exercise. Despite the high prevalence of obstructive behaviors among relatives of patients with diabetes, few interventions focus on the negative aspects of family interactions. Family support behaviors or sabotage in diabetes have been independently associated with adherence to self-care behavior and glycemic control among adults with diabetes and low sociocultural level. DAWN-II found that more than one-third of family members wish to be more involved in managing the patient's disease. A study was conducted in 2013 based on socio-cognitive theory, which focuses on the influence of the social environment (family members) on changes in health habits to overcome barriers to self-management of diabetes and improve self-efficacy. With a population of 36 patients and 37 relatives, with a duration of 14.6 months. The intervention consisted of 2 family sessions and 8 weekly group educational sessions for participants and their families. It was possible to demonstrate positive effects on systolic blood pressure, knowledge of diabetes, self-efficacy, self-management of general and specific diet, glucose monitoring, foot care, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical and mental components associated with quality of life in the participants. There was also a significant improvement in BMI and knowledge of diabetes in family members, suggesting that a culturally-tailored diabetes education program provides a significant benefit to both Hispanic patients with diabetes and their families. In addition, it has been observed that total family involvement in diabetes education helps to increase knowledge, attitude and practice scores in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to improve their quality of life, with significant effects on glycemic control and weight. For this reason, a collaborative therapeutic partnership between the patient, his family and health care providers is essential, encouraging family members to participate in programs to avoid patient isolation, maintaining family cohesion and promoting health behaviors that reduce the risk and early onset of diabetes in family members.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Metabolic Syndrome
Keywords
Diabetes, Family, Impaired fasting-glucose, Carbohydrate intolerance

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Description
Relatives of CAIPaDi patients that present on their initial evaluation either overweight, obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance and/or secondary dyslipidemia will be invited to participate. Those who accept will require to attend the center twice. On the first visit, an anthropometric evaluation and laboratory studies will be performed; an oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) test will be carried out if the glucose value is over 100 mg/dl. If the OGTT results are abnormal, the individual will be included in the study sample. Those who have an abnormal OGTT and are included in the study sample will be randomized into two groups. The change of the main variables (weight, waist circumference, serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure, triglycerides and non-HDL cholesterol) will be assessed 3 months later, along with the effect on patients with diabetes parameters.
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
97 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Group A
Arm Type
No Intervention
Arm Description
Relatives of patients with diabetes who will only attend sessions at the center along with the patients on all the interventions of the center (except psychology and psychiatry), receiving instructions from each area on the first and fourth visit. When the patient with diabetes is in the psychology or psychiatry consultation, the relative will also be evaluated in these areas in an analogue form.
Arm Title
Group B
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Relatives who will receive multidisciplinary care at the center The subjects from group B will be asked to be accompanied by another relative. If they accept, they will be included as a patient of the CAIPaDi program to receive all the interventions of the second, third and fourth visits in an individual form, without following the patient with diabetes.
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
CAIPaDi
Intervention Description
Patients are attended in 1 day by 9 specialists (endocrinologist, diabetes educators, nutritionist, psychologist, physical activity specialist, foot care and ophthalmologist). They are attended in 4 monthly visits. After the initial phase, patients come back to the Center at 1 and 2 years for evaluation and reinforcement
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Glycated hemoglobin
Description
60% of patients with a glycated hemoglobin of <5.8
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Body Mass Index
Description
Difference of 2kg/m2 between groups
Time Frame
1 year
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Serum glucose
Description
<126 mg/dl
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Non-HDL cholesterol
Description
<160
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Triglycerides
Description
<150
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Blood pressure
Description
<140/90 mmHg
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Weight loss
Description
5% reduction of basal weight
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Waist circumference
Description
5 cm reduction of basal waist circumference
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD)
Description
score of <7 points
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Minutes of exercise per day
Description
>30 minutes of exercise per day
Time Frame
1 year
Title
Steps per day
Description
>10,000 steps per day
Time Frame
1 year

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
65 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Being a relative of a patient of CAIPaDi Fasting glucose of <125 mg/dl Serum glucose of <199 mg/dl 2 hours after a glucose load of 75 gr Exclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of diabetes Smoking Who has any disabling or priority health condition other than prevention of diabetes
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Ana C García Ulloa, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Grade A Specialized Physician
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
City
Cuernavaca
State/Province
Morelos
ZIP/Postal Code
62100
Country
Mexico
Facility Name
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán
City
Mexico City
ZIP/Postal Code
14000
Country
Mexico

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
Undecided
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20585732
Citation
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Effect of the CAIPaDi Care Model in Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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