Lessening the Impact of Fatigue in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases (LIFT)

Fatigue is common and disabling for most patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease. Therapies designed to improve physical activity and 'talking' treatments, which positively help patients change the way they think and behave, are both helpful in reducing the burden of the fatigue. However, few patients have access to these treatments in most health services. This situation results from the absence of standardised programmes and limited availability of relevant therapists. The investigators aim to enhance access to fatigue alleviating physical activity and talking therapies by testing innovative,standardised and cost-effective approaches to treatment delivery. The investigators will also use this opportunity to understand how to select the best treatment for a patient based on their individual profile and to better understand how these treatments actually work. This in turn may lead to more refined and effective therapies in the future.

Eligible participants will be identified from patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases attending major secondary care rheumatology services in the United Kingdom. Potential participants will be identified using local databases/clinic lists and will then be mailed a pre-study invite, which will include questions about fatigue. Potentially eligible participants will be invited to attend a baseline assessment. Once it has been confirmed at the baseline assessement that they are eligible to take part in the study, the consented participant will be allocated to one of three treatment groups. During the course of the trial, the participant will be invited to visit the study centre three more times for assessments. At each of the four assessment visits (baseline, and approximately 2, 7 and 13 months after) they will be asked: To complete questionnaires which collect information about various outcomes which we think will improve in response to the therapies under evaluation as well as factors which will help us understand how the treatments may work, and factors which may help identify those patients better suited to one therapy over another To provide a blood sample for research To take part in an aerobic fitness test To wear an activity monitor for the next 7 days which will be fitted at each visit To answer three short questions about engagement with intervention delivered by telephone from trial office at the time of session 4 and 8 (CBA and PEP intervention only). Similarly, the allocated therapists will be asked to give their view of the participants' engagement with the intervention. All participants will be asked to keep a diary on any other treatments they are using in addition to the treatments they may receive during the study and how costly these other treatments are. The diary period will last for the first 6 months and then for 2 weeks after the third visit and 2 weeks before the last visit. After they finished the study, the investigators may approach a subgroup of participants who received either the talking therapy or the personalised exercise programme again and ask for an interview to enable more detailed feedback on if they found the intervention helpful and how it has changed their daily life.

Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Axial Spondyloarthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Sjogren's Syndrome

Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease, Fatigue, Exercise, Behavioural Intervention, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Axial Spondyloarthritis

In addition to usual care, participants receive a talking therapy using a cognitive behavioural approach. The talking therapy will be delivered via telephone by a trained rheumatology health care professional who will contact the participant for 8 sessions over a period of 6 months.

In addition to usual care, participants receive a personalised exercise programme. After an initial face-to-face assessment, the remaining programme will be delivered via telephone by a trained rheumatology health care professional who will contact the participant for 7 sessions over a period of 6 months.

A talking therapy which explicitly aims to replace unhelpful beliefs and behaviours through the application of patient-centred strategies and behavioural activities

PEP is a graded exposure behaviour therapy which aims to gradually optimise patients levels of physical activity with view to modifying their altered perception of effort and ultimately reduce the severity and impact of fatigue.

Chalder Fatigue Scale (Likert), assessed at 56 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC with main estimate of treatment effect at 56 weeks after randomisation, Main estimate of treatment effect at 56 weeks

Chalder Fatigue Scale (Likert), assessed at 10 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC

Chalder Fatigue Scale (Likert), assessed at 28 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC

Fatigue Severity Scale, co-primary outcome assessed at 56 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC with main estimate of treatment effect at 56 weeks

Fatigue Severity Scale, co-primary outcome assessed at 10 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC

Fatigue Severity Scale, co-primary outcome assessed at 28 weeks after baseline, between-group change CBA+UC vs UC and PEP+UC vs UC

Fatigue (physical, living, cognition and emotional aspects) using Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Multi-Dimensional Questionnaire

Inclusion Criteria: be ≥ 18 years at the time of consent have been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) or psoriatic arthritis (PSA) by a rheumatologist report fatigue to be a persistent problem have access to a telephone landline or mobile telephone and/or internet based audio/video calls give permission for researchers to access their hospital medical notes currently be under the care of a secondary care physician have stable disease as evidenced by no change in immunomodulatory therapy within the last three months based on the hospital medical record Exclusion Criteria: there are significant abnormalities of thyroid function (TSH levels) on the most recent blood test done within the last three months there is evidence of severe anaemia (haemoglobin levels) on the most recent blood test done within the last three months there is evidence of severe renal dysfunction (eGFR) on the most recent blood test done within the last three months they have a medical condition which would make the proposed interventions unsuitable, e.g. significant heart disease they are pregnant they are unable to understand English sufficiently to take part in the intervention they are unable to provide written informed consent they are not willing to be randomised they are currently participating in an interventional clinical trial

Bachmair EM, Martin K, Aucott L, Dhaun N, Dures E, Emsley R, Gray SR, Kidd E, Kumar V, Lovell K, MacLennan G, McNamee P, Norrie J, Paul L, Packham J, Ralston SH, Siebert S, Wearden A, Macfarlane G, Basu N; LIFT study group. Remotely delivered cognitive behavioural and personalised exercise interventions for fatigue severity and impact in inflammatory rheumatic diseases (LIFT): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, parallel-group trial. Lancet Rheumatol. 2022 Jun 27;4(8):e534-e545. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00156-4. eCollection 2022 Aug.

Martin KR, Bachmair EM, Aucott L, Dures E, Emsley R, Gray SR, Hewlett S, Kumar V, Lovell K, Macfarlane GJ, MacLennan G, McNamee P, Norrie J, Paul L, Ralston S, Siebert S, Wearden A, White PD, Basu N. Protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled parallel-group trial to compare the effectiveness of remotely delivered cognitive-behavioural and graded exercise interventions with usual care alone to lessen the impact of fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases (LIFT). BMJ Open. 2019 Jan 30;9(1):e026793. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026793.